Research on how disease is diagnosed. Covers fetal-distress detection, faster diagnostics, redefining conditions, and bias in medical AI.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society reveals that brief cognitive screenings combined with further evaluation increased diagnoses of cognitive impairment by two to three fold. Researchers found that veterans aged 70 and older who failed the screen were more likely to have dementia.
Researchers at the Rothman Institute have found that measuring C-reactive protein in synovial fluid is extremely accurate for diagnosing PJI. The study of 2,067 cases revealed that serum white blood cell counts and PMN percentages have minimal sensitivity and specificity for infection diagnosis.
Increasing age is associated with a higher risk of death from breast cancer in postmenopausal women, particularly those over 75 years old. The study found that disease-specific mortality increases with age, even after accounting for other factors, suggesting possible undertreatment as an underlying mechanism.
A new metabolic 'breathalyzer' technology can detect early signs of disease by analyzing changes in glucose metabolism, offering a potential breakthrough in disease diagnosis. The method uses isotopic signatures of carbon-containing metabolic byproducts to distinguish between healthy and diseased states.
A new IU study found that physicians' diagnoses of child abuse vary based on a patient's socioeconomic status rather than their race. The study contradicts previous research that linked differential diagnosis to racial disparities. Socioeconomic factors have a significant impact on physician decision-making.
A study found that individuals with dementia have a significantly higher rate of hospital admissions compared to those without dementia. The majority of these admissions were for ambulatory care-sensitive conditions, which can be prevented with proactive outpatient care.
Dr. C. Noel Bairey Merz will receive the inaugural Journal of Women's Health Award for her exceptional work in advancing women's health research. Her research focuses on women and heart disease, mental stress and heart disease, exercise, and nutrition in heart disease.
A Rutgers study found significant disparities in depression diagnosis and treatment among the elderly, with African Americans less likely to receive a diagnosis or be treated. The researchers identify barriers such as stigma, lack of access to therapists, and financial factors contributing to these disparities.
A nationwide Danish cohort study suggests women with endometriosis are 50% more likely to develop inflammatory bowel disease, a condition that affects the bowel and causes abdominal pain. The risk persists for over 20 years after diagnosis and is linked to common causes or treatment effects.
A study published in PLOS ONE shows that 2 megapixel camera phones can capture clear microscopy images for confirmation and analysis by specialists. This technology has the potential to improve medical diagnosis in remote areas, empowering undereducated healthcare workers.
The article discusses innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury, including novel biomaterials, biomechanics, and simulation technology. Leading research articles explore the effects of brain trauma, nerve regeneration, and neuroprotection.
A study by Thordis Thorsteinsdottir found that men with prostate cancer are twice as likely to commit suicide, but a method called expressive writing can reduce this risk. Expressive writing involves getting the men affected to spend 20 minutes writing down their feelings on at least three occasions after getting their cancer diagnosis.
A Mayo Clinic study found a dramatic increase in GERD diagnoses despite a decrease in symptoms, suggesting physician bias. The study also revealed that patients reporting both GERD and functional dyspepsia symptoms were more likely to be diagnosed with GERD only.
A new Scripps Health study aims to fill the knowledge gap on idiopathic human diseases by using whole genome sequencing to determine their causes. The study, dubbed IDIOM, will include up to six participants and collaborate with other medical centers to share key findings.
A new DNA testing method, MEMO, has been developed to detect trace mutant DNA sequences with improved sensitivity. The technique uses 3′-modified oligonucleotides to block normal gene extension while allowing mutated gene extension, increasing detection sensitivity.
A new study from the University of Michigan found that over 25% of women in the metro Detroit area have experienced ongoing vulvar pain, while only 2% sought treatment. The study sheds light on the demographics and characteristics of vulvodynia, a condition causing unexplained pain at the vagina's opening.
A new diagnostic method using exome deep sequencing can identify genetic causes of hearing loss in under a week for under $500. This breakthrough technology has the potential to improve the quality of care for patients with hearing loss and lead to more effective treatments.
Researchers have discovered a new genetic defect linked to Leigh syndrome, a devastating mitochondrial disease. The finding offers promise for improved diagnosis and potential treatments.
A new study published in Neurology found that psychogenic non-epileptic seizures may be misdiagnosed for up to five years in veterans compared to one year in civilians. The delay is largely due to limited access to epilepsy monitoring units, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
The new ESC guidelines on peripheral artery disease emphasize the need to assess patients with coronary artery disease for symptoms or asymptomatic atherosclerosis in other vascular areas. The guidelines also highlight the importance of considering multisite artery disease and the overall clinical status of patients.
The new guideline recommends using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to diagnose high blood pressure, which may lead to a significant reduction in the number of people misdiagnosed with hypertension. The approach is expected to be cost-effective and save money by targeting treatment at those who need it.
A UK study published in The Lancet concludes that ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is the most cost-effective way to diagnose hypertension. This method, which involves repeated measurements throughout a 24-hour period, is more accurate and correlates better with cardiovascular outcomes than traditional clinic-based methods.
A new in vitro study reveals that dilating the tricuspid valve opening or displacing its papillary muscles can cause leakage, with combination of both increasing severity. The study's findings suggest improved diagnosis and treatment for tricuspid regurgitation, a condition affecting millions of Americans.
A Johns Hopkins study found nearly four out of five antidepressant prescriptions are written by non-psychiatrist providers for individuals with no psychiatric diagnoses. The share of such providers increased from 30% in 1996 to 55.4% in 2007.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University found that two structurally similar neurons have distinct roles, influencing brain regions and visual functions. This discovery has significant implications for diagnosing sleep disorders, as pupillary light reflex may not be an accurate indicator of sleep-wake cycles.
The TEMLA procedure demonstrated a higher diagnostic yield than EBUS and EUS in detecting cancer in primary staging, with a sensitivity of 98.6% compared to 88.9% for EBUS/EUS. Additionally, TEMLA showed superior performance in restaging procedures, with a sensitivity of 95.5% and specificity of 100%.
A study published in Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine found that children whose parents were deployed for longer periods had a higher likelihood of receiving a mental health diagnosis. The researchers analyzed data from over 307,000 children and found that the length of parental deployment was significantly associated wit...
Scientists developed a conceptual framework to diagnose nutrient and non-nutrient interactions in agroecosystems, increasing yields and reducing environmental costs. The model considers both nutrient and non-nutrient resource effects on growth, such as light conditions and soil moisture content.
A new study from Harvard School of Public Health and University of California, San Francisco, found that men with prostate cancer who smoke are at higher risk of disease recurrence and mortality. Smoking was also associated with more aggressive disease at diagnosis.
A study examined the reliability of DSM-IV diagnosis of alcohol dependence, finding that certain variables predict a reliable diagnosis. The heritability of LTH-AD was estimated to be 71 percent, confirming the importance of genetic influences.
A new study finds that gay men have a higher cancer prevalence than heterosexual men, with a 1.9 times increased likelihood of reporting a cancer diagnosis. Lesbian and bisexual female cancer survivors also experience poor health outcomes compared to heterosexual women, highlighting the need for targeted services.
A new study finds that MDCT arthrography is more accurate than MR arthrography in detecting labro-ligamentous injuries, glenoid cartilage lesions, and Hill-Sachs fractures related to anterior shoulder instability. The imaging modality also shows high sensitivity for identifying glenoid rim fractures.
Early-onset Alzheimer's disease can be identified through PET-CT examinations, which reveal a 'cognitive reserve' that slows symptom expression. This discovery supports earlier diagnosis and education to improve patient outcomes.
A new study suggests that dual-energy CT scans can detect monosodium urate crystals in different tissues, helping to understand and monitor gout. This technology has the potential to improve diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
A study by researchers at the University of Warwick found that men are more likely to categorize objects as fully or not fully fitting into certain categories, whereas women tend to see more nuances and assign partial classifications. This sex difference in semantic categorization may have implications for decision-making and diagnosis.
A study found that late cancer diagnosis is a major factor in hospital cancer deaths in Northern Ireland, where over half of patients prefer to die at home. The study highlights the importance of early recognition of cancer symptoms and improving community services to support patients' wishes.
A new study found that while socioeconomics no longer significantly impact autism diagnoses, poor children from low-income neighborhoods are still less likely to be diagnosed. The study suggests that disparities in diagnosis and treatment persist, particularly for less severe cases.
Wait times for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery have dropped significantly in Alberta and British Columbia, with median wait times decreasing by over 50%.
In developing countries, breast cancer mortality rates are high due to inadequate diagnosis, treatment, and awareness. The Lancet Oncology review highlights the need for resource-appropriate solutions to improve outcomes.
A study found nearly one-third of pediatric cochlear implant recipients passed newborn screening but were diagnosed later with hearing loss. Children who failed screenings were diagnosed and implanted earlier than those who passed or weren
The 20th anniversary of the first laparoscopic nephrectomy celebrates a groundbreaking achievement in surgical technique. Dr. Ralph Clayman's pioneering work paved the way for modern endourology and minimally invasive procedures, revolutionizing urologic surgery.
Millions of people worldwide may be at risk of early death from diabetes due to poor diagnosis and ineffective treatment. In the US, nearly 90% of adult diabetics have blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels not treated effectively.
Researchers suggest that quitting smoking suddenly may be an early symptom of lung cancer. A study found that 48% of patients with lung cancer had quit before diagnosis, most without noticing any symptoms.
A study of Japanese-American men who died at an average age of 87 found that half of those diagnosed with Alzheimer's did not have sufficient brain lesions to support the diagnosis. Other dementia types, such as Lewy body dementia and vascular dementia, were more accurately diagnosed.
Early appendectomy significantly reduces time away from normal activities and overall adverse event rates compared to interval appendectomy in children with perforated appendicitis. The study found that early appendectomy led to a significant reduction in hospital stay length and improved patient outcomes.
Asthma affects 8% of Americans and 300 million worldwide, but global variations in diagnosis and treatment have significant implications. Researchers are exploring how cultural factors impact asthma management, including the use of different terms to describe symptoms and varying levels of parental involvement.
A multi-cultural study highlights low awareness of kidney risks in diabetes patients, particularly from South Asian communities. Many patients expressed surprise and regret upon learning about the connection between diabetes and kidney disease.
Breast cancer patients with a strong social support system in the first year after diagnosis have a lower risk of dying or having a cancer recurrence. Emotional support was found to be the strongest predictor of cancer recurrence, reducing the risk by 43% for women with favorable interpersonal relationships.
A study of over 2,000 US patients found greater HIV/AIDS-related morbidity among women, nonwhites, and those from the southern US. The disparities were attributed to socioeconomic factors beyond biological influences.
A joint project between Iowa State University and Goodrich Corp. aims to develop advanced flow diagnostic tools for fuel nozzles in jet engines. The research uses techniques such as particle image velocimetry and molecular tagging velocimetry to analyze the uniformity, direction, temperature, and density of fuel droplets.
Research identifies two genetic variants associated with an increased risk of developing endometriosis, a condition characterized by pelvic pain and infertility. The variants were found on chromosomes 7 and 1, respectively, and are linked to hormone metabolism and the development of the female reproductive tract.
A large-scale study found that patients with rheumatoid arthritis have a 60% higher risk of heart attack just one year after diagnosis, with the risk increasing rapidly in the first few years. The study emphasizes the importance of monitoring heart risk from the moment RA is diagnosed.
Research by King's Health Partners found that people with psychotic disorders are 12 times more likely to commit suicide than average. The risk of suicide persists long-term, remaining four times greater than the general population ten years after diagnosis.
The Mental Health Research Network aims to make research faster, less expensive, and more relevant to real-world healthcare. By analyzing data from 10 million people in 12 states, researchers hope to find effective methods for detecting, treating, and preventing mental disorders.
Researchers develop system to analyze patient data, therapist interactions, for better understanding of depression causes and prevention strategies. The approach balances individual differences with observed similarities in behavior and response to treatment.
Researchers found boys are more likely to receive an autism diagnosis despite equally severe symptoms, suggesting a gender bias in diagnosis. The study also discovered older mothers are better at identifying their children's difficulties and have more confidence in bringing concerns to the clinic.
Researchers will discuss guidelines for food allergy diagnosis and management, as well as primary immunodeficiency diseases such as Job's syndrome and DOCK8 deficiency. The meeting also addresses atopic dermatitis, a chronic skin disorder associated with dry, itchy skin.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have found a series of indicators associated with elderly depression beyond mood changes, including verbal aggression, urinary incontinence and weight loss. These findings suggest that timely diagnosis and treatment can improve quality of life for nursing home residents.
A study found that nearly one-fifth of caregivers had never heard of MRSA, highlighting the need for healthcare staff to educate parents about drug-resistant infections. The researchers recommend addressing concerns and allaying fears by providing clear information and risk-minimizing instructions tailored to each child's situation.
The American College of Gastroenterology's 75th Annual Scientific Meeting featured groundbreaking research on C. difficile, colorectal cancer, obesity, and inflammatory bowel disease, providing new insights into prevention, treatment, and management strategies.