Articles tagged with Pediatrics
A Stanford study found that nearly 20% of very-low-birth-weight babies in California were not referred to the state's high-risk infant follow-up program. Larger neonatal intensive care units and referrals were more common among premature or medically fragile infants.
The study found a significant decrease in mortality rates among extremely premature infants between 2000 and 2011, with the largest declines observed in infants born at 23 or 24 weeks of gestation. Deaths attributed to respiratory distress syndrome and immaturity accounted for the majority of the reduction in mortality.
Underage youths exposed to alcohol ads on TV are more likely to drink and engage in binge drinking, a study suggests. Higher receptivity scores among underage participants predicted the onset of drinking, binge drinking, and hazardous drinking.
Researchers used spatial analysis software to identify clusters of underimmunization and vaccine refusal among Kaiser Permanente members in Northern California. Underimmunization ranged from 18% to 23% within clusters, compared to 11% outside clusters, highlighting areas with high vaccine refusal rates.
Researchers at Children's Mercy Hospital identified the CLPB gene associated with a new pediatric mitochondrial syndrome, characterized by cataracts, psychomotor regression, epilepsy, and death in early childhood. The discovery demonstrates the importance of basic research into human CPLB gene function and paves the way for diagnosing ...
A new study published in Pediatrics reveals that pediatricians often fail to detect autism risk during brief checkups, with experts also missing referrals. The study emphasizes the importance of universal screening, formalized screening instruments, and parent involvement to improve early identification and intervention.
A study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia reveals that pediatric trauma nurses are knowledgeable about trauma-informed care, but need more training to address the emotional needs of patients and their families. The survey found that over 90% of nurses recognize the importance of psychosocial support, but few report assessing a chi...
A Northwestern University study found that pediatric patients who listened to their chosen music or audiobooks had a significant reduction in post-surgical pain. The therapy was effective regardless of the patient's initial pain score and can be used as an alternative to opioid analgesics.
Research reveals that high-fat diets and maternal obesity during pregnancy compromise the blood-forming stem cell system in the developing fetus. This may contribute to the rise in immune diseases and allergic dispositions in children. The study provides a model for testing whether dietary interventions can repair the damage.
A new study published in Diabetes suggests that young children with type 1 diabetes have slower brain growth compared to children without diabetes. The researchers found that abnormal blood glucose levels impact brain structure and function at a young age.
A new formulation of oral budesonide suspension is safe and effective in treating pediatric patients with eosinophilic esophagitis, according to a recent study. The treatment demonstrated remarkable efficacy in reducing eosinophilic inflammation and improving symptoms.
A study found that high socioeconomic status, particularly in highly educated families, increases the risk of depression and discrimination among black young adults. Despite parental education's protective effect on white youth, high SES can lead to increased perceptions of being discriminated against, cancelling out its benefits.
Mothers who use mobile devices while eating with their young children have fewer verbal and nonverbal interactions, potentially affecting child health outcomes. This study found that mothers with the most mobile device use had 20% fewer verbal interactions and 39% fewer nonverbal interactions.
A new study from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia highlights the need for better planning to improve mother-infant outcomes, reduce stress on health systems, and staff morale. The researchers found that dramatic surges in delivery volume led to overcrowding, understaffing, and fragmented care.
The study highlights a state-by-state patchwork of coverage for children and adolescents, excluding services for kids with developmental disabilities. The analysis suggests four policy steps to improve pediatric benefits under the ACA, including revising the essential health benefit standard and incorporating medical necessity.
A recent clinical trial found that young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who received high-intensity pediatric protocols had better overall survival rates, with 78% achieving overall survival and 66% maintaining event-free survival. This is a significant improvement over previous studies for this age range.
A pilot study shows that 92% of children with relapsed leukemia respond to bioengineered T cells, with some patients remaining cancer-free for over two years. The personalized therapy offers the potential for long-term success in treating this highly aggressive form of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
A York University study found a total of 88,688 pediatric concussions were treated in Ontario between 2003 and 2010. Falls, hockey, and skating injuries were the leading causes of concussion among children and youth.
A new, physiologically realistic in vitro model of the pediatric blood-brain barrier has been developed and successfully tested. The model, called B3C, mimics the human BBB's structure and function, and has shown promise for studying neurological diseases and testing novel therapies.
A study found that approximately 88% of pediatric chest X-ray exams did not alter clinical treatment, highlighting potential waste in the healthcare system. In cases where patients were ordered for symptoms like syncope or dizziness, no findings were made that affected treatment over a five-year period.
Researchers investigate why Kentucky children are prescribed psychotropic medications at a higher rate than the national average. The study aims to identify patterns and potential causes, with a focus on improving care for vulnerable children.
Two studies published in JAMA Pediatrics examine the impact of school breakfast programs on children's eating habits and academic performance. One study found that schools offering Breakfast in the Classroom (BIC) had higher participation in the national school breakfast program and attendance, but no differences in math or reading ach...
A study published in AIDS reveals that anti-HIV medications may cause significant long-term heart problems in non-HIV-infected children. The research found persistently impaired heart muscle development and reduced heart performance in these children, highlighting the need for further investigation into the long-term impact of HIV medi...
A new tablet-based app called CHAMP is connecting single ventricle heart defect patients to their doctors for real-time monitoring. The app has shown promising results in reducing mortality rates and decreasing the burden on caregivers.
Researchers at UTHealth will study the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri to prevent and ease NEC in animal models. The study aims to decipher the optimal dose and mechanism of action of the probiotic and its effects on intestinal inflammation.
Researchers presented findings on the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in infants, which showed promise for improving survival rates. Additionally, studies investigated the long-term cardiac risk in survivors of the Fontan operation for congenital heart disease, revealing a significant risk of late myocardial infarction.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered a potential drug therapy for a rare, incurable pediatric brain tumor by targeting a genetic mutation. The experimental drug GSKJ4 delayed tumor growth and prolonged survival in mice with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG).
Researchers developed a standardized approach to reducing cardiac monitor alarms, resulting in an 80% reduction in daily alarms and a 95% increase in caregiver compliance. The process increased staff's ability to address significant alarms promptly, improving patient safety.
A survey of 409 physicians found that many are unaware of the latest treatments and guidelines for allergic conditions. The study highlights the importance of seeking a board-certified allergist for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Jon Tyson, M.D., M.P.H., has won the 2014 APGAR Award for his lifelong contributions to perinatal medicine and education. The award recognizes his efforts to develop improved methods to minimize bias and imprecision in clinical research.
A multicenter study led by Boston Children's Hospital found that implementing the I-PASS bundle can reduce hospital medical errors by 30%, improving safety and quality of care. The study was conducted at nine medical centers, where healthcare providers used a standardized communication system to share patient information.
A recent study found that pediatricians often fail to inform parents of overweight Latino children, highlighting the challenges of addressing rising obesity rates among minority youth. The study recommends using family-preferred terms when discussing weight with Latino families.
A large study found that surgery for sleep apnea significantly improves asthma control in children, with a 30% reduction in acute asthma exacerbations and a 38% decrease in severe asthma attacks. The study suggests that early identification and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea may help reduce asthma severity and improve outcomes.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo found that infant dietary patterns are influenced by mothers' socioeconomic backgrounds and racial identities. Babies whose diet included more breastfeeding and solid foods adhering to international guidelines were associated with higher household income and mothers with higher education levels.
A multi-center trial found similar survival rates in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who received one or two units of partially matched cord blood. The study revealed improved recovery rates and lower risks of complications when using a double cord blood approach.
Efforts to roll back school nutrition standards could jeopardize gains made in the fight against childhood obesity. The authors argue that the current standards have improved meal quality and reduced waste of fruits and vegetables.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine found that both agave nectar and a placebo were more effective than no treatment for young children's cough symptoms. The study suggests that giving children something to drink, like sugar water or honey substitute agave nectar, may help alleviate their discomfort.
A consensus statement from leading clinicians and researchers recommends a systematic approach to evaluating youngsters with sudden onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms, including obsessive-compulsive disorder. The guidelines aim to clarify diagnostic boundaries, develop evaluation strategies, and identify urgently needed studies.
Researchers from Baylor College of Medicine have made significant breakthroughs in whole exome sequencing, confirming a molecular diagnosis in 25% of patients and identifying rare genetic events as major contributors to disease susceptibility. The technology is expected to revolutionize the field of pediatrics and medicine.
A study published in Practical Radiation Oncology evaluated the use of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) in treating pediatric cancers. The results show that IGRT is commonly used to improve localization and precision in radiation delivery, particularly for tumors near sensitive structures or organs.
A program providing guidance on antibiotic prescribing for children is effective but loses its benefits after auditing and feedback cease. Continued feedback to clinicians is crucial to maintaining proper usage.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) is revisiting its policy on toddler screen time as technology advances. Pediatricians Dr. Dimitri Christakis and Dr. Donald Shifrin will debate the topic at the AAP National Conference & Exhibition, with both agreeing that hard rules are challenging to implement.
Former Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton announces the launch of the American Academy of Pediatrics' updated early literacy toolkit, Books Build Connections. The toolkit aims to help doctors talk with parents about early communication, reading, and singing to promote young children's brain development and vocabulary building.
A recent study presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics Annual Meeting found that diphenhydramine-containing medication inhibited cough reflex sensitivity more effectively than dextromethorphan or placebo. The new Dr. Cocoa for Children medicine combines trusted ingredients with a natural cocoa flavor to make dosing easier.
A recent study by the American Academy of Pediatrics found that 93% of splints used on children were applied incorrectly, causing skin irritation and poor healing. The most common errors included direct application of elastic bandages to the skin and improper positioning of the splint.
A study of 267 families found that nearly all parents made at least one critical error in using a car safety seat, putting their newborns at risk. The most common errors included loose harnesses and incorrect installations.
Research by high school students found that high media multitaskers outperformed low multitaskers when filtering out distractions, while struggling to focus on single tasks without distractions. The study suggests that digital natives may develop enhanced working memory and perform better in distracting environments.
A new web-based system can track illness trends and improve public health response to outbreaks by allowing child care centers to report illnesses to local public health departments. The system was tested at four early learning centers in Michigan and found to detect disease outbreaks more quickly than traditional methods.
Researchers found improper splinting led to swelling, skin problems, and poor immobilization of fractures. Improper placement occurred in 77% cases, often due to direct bandage on skin.
Two studies presented at a pediatric sports medicine symposium found that many parents lack knowledge about concussions, leading to delayed diagnosis and inadequate treatment. The studies reveal common misconceptions about concussion symptoms and diagnosis, emphasizing the need for education and proper evaluation.
A study found that while most youth baseball coaches are familiar with pitch counts, only a small percentage consistently use them to limit pitches and monitor athlete safety. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends limiting pitches for young athletes to prevent overuse injuries.
A survey of over 50,000 US mothers aged 18-50 found that the top reasons for extended breastfeeding were nutritional benefits, social bonding, and enjoyment. The American Academy of Pediatrics presented this study to highlight the importance of breastfeeding beyond infancy.
Researchers developed a web-based surveillance system to track illness trends and improve public health response. The system uses data from preschools and child care centers to detect early warning signs of disease outbreaks, enabling quicker mobilization of resources.
A study found that thousands of youth caregivers in the US face significant challenges, including school failure and poor health. The caregivers, who are often girls between 12 and 15 years old, spend up to 4 hours per day caring for family members with physical or mental illnesses.
The UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute has named three recipients of the inaugural Harry Winston Fellowships, supporting young pediatric physician-scientists conducting research to prevent, treat, and cure diseases in children. Dr. Kristina Adachi, Dr. Leslie Kimura, and Dr. Edward Talya will receive funding for their p...
A new study reports significant ocular injuries from liquid laundry and dishwasher detergent pods. The bursting pods can cause severe corneal abrasions, bloodshot eyes, and other complications.
A new study by University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston found that teenage sexting may precede and predict future sexual activity. The research suggests that sexting is becoming a normal part of adolescent sexual development, rather than strictly linked to at-risk teens.
Overuse of medical tests and treatments can cause unnecessary harm to children, says a pediatrician. The Choosing Wisely campaign has identified over 250 procedures that are considered overused or inappropriate in pediatrics.
Researchers from Einstein-Montefiore will present their latest research on neonatal lung disease, reducing wrong-patient errors in the NICU through electronic medical record identification re-entry function. They also explore oral health initiatives and global health delivery science projects.
Scientists have identified a novel heart and gut disease, named Chronic Atrial Intestinal Dysrhythmia syndrome (CAID), caused by a rare genetic mutation. The disease is characterized by cardiac arrhythmias and intestinal pseudo-obstruction, with patients often requiring invasive treatments and surgeries.