Articles tagged with Cytokines
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have found a single gene, nemuri, that increases the need for sleep in fruit flies. The NEMURI protein fights germs with its antimicrobial activity and drives prolonged, deep sleep after an infection, promoting survival.
Researchers found that older patients with chronic sinusitis have a distinct inflammatory signature characterized by innate immune function and age-dependent cytokine elevations. This may render them less responsive to traditional steroid treatments, which are often ineffective for these patients.
A review from the Center for the Study of Itch identifies key factors contributing to the itch-scratch cycle, including immune responses and behavior. The study suggests that targeting specific molecules, such as cytokines, may be effective in treating chronic itching conditions.
A balanced pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine signature is associated with lower clinical malaria risk between ages 3-4. Early parasite exposure does not affect the risk, but may impact long-term immunity.
Researchers developed a diagnostic test that rapidly parses out infections of the brain from other diseases by analyzing cytokine profiles in cerebral spinal fluid. The test shows promise for quickly identifying central nervous system disorders and guiding immediate intervention.
A Kent State University researcher is using a $450,000 NIH grant to study how we create deeply ingrained fear memories and how to block them. He aims to target the amygdala's microglia cells, which produce cytokines associated with chronic anxiety and depression.
Researchers at University of Connecticut have discovered a potential treatment for premature birth by targeting the immune system. Studies in mice suggest that inhibiting granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) could prevent preterm labor and birth.
A new study found that inflammatory proteins in the colon increase incrementally with weight in humans, leading to pro-cancerous changes. The study also suggests that NSAIDs may lower the levels of these pro-inflammatory proteins, reducing cancer risk.
Osaka University researchers successfully delivered microRNAs to immune response cells in inflamed intestinal tracts using a super carbonate apatite (sCA), reducing inflammatory cytokines. The study showed that sCA could be used to treat a wide range of immunity and allergic disorders caused by immune responses.
Researchers at Osaka University identified a cellular network involving Th17 cells and stromal cells that secretes inflammatory cytokines to initiate and maintain rheumatoid arthritis. By targeting this network, a novel immunotherapeutic approach has been proposed to reduce chronic joint inflammation.
Researchers have cracked the code of neural signals used by the immune system to communicate with the brain, opening doors to diagnostic and therapeutic targets for diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes. The discovery provides insight into how the nervous system regulates inflammation and immunity.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University have identified a family of indoline compounds with potent activity against pro-inflammatory cytokines and ROS toxicity. These novel substances show promise in treating acute pancreatic inflammation, fatty liver damage, and diabetes.
A new compound, AH10-7, has been identified as a powerful activator of human invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, a key player in the immune system's fight against cancer. The compound is highly effective and selective, encouraging iNKT cells to release specific proteins that stimulate anti-tumor immunity.
Researchers identified TNF-alpha and VEGF as key cytokines in tumor vascularization. Targeting these molecules simultaneously could significantly increase the efficacy of existing cancer treatments.
Research reveals testosterone promotes a protective immune response in male mice by increasing IL-33 production, reversing symptoms in female mice with similar autoimmune disease. Sex differences in immune responses may underlie gender disparities in MS and other autoimmune diseases.
A study published in Immunity reveals that the immunomodulatory cytokine IL-23's pro-inflammatory activity critically depends on structural activation of the cytokine by its receptor, IL-23R. The findings provide new insights into autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Crohn's disease.
Researchers found that a dengue virus protein disrupts the protective lining of blood vessels, leading to severe disease symptoms. The underlying mechanism appears to be disruption of glycocalyx components, paving the way for new potential treatments.
Researchers identified two cytokines and genetic markers associated with progressive MS, which may enable the development of a treatment to prevent disease progression. A simple genetic test could identify patients at risk, and a medication is already in development.
A new study from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine suggests that replenishing cytokine molecules could repair diabetic nerve damage. Diabetic mice showed low levels of specific cytokines that hindered activation of reparative genes, leading to poor circulation and muscle weakness.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified biomarkers associated with chronic fatigue syndrome severity by analyzing 17 immune-system signaling proteins. These findings suggest that inflammation is a powerful driver of the disease and may lead to improved diagnosis and treatment options.
A study led by Georgia State University found that cytokine IL-36γ promotes the development of pro-inflammatory T helper cells and inhibits regulatory T cells in humans. This discovery could lead to new therapeutic approaches for inflammatory bowel disease, particularly ulcerative colitis.
Research at Osaka University reveals the complex network of cytokine control that prevents multi-organ damage during T. cruzi infection. BATF2 protein normally suppresses excessive IL-17 response, preventing immunopathology in Chagas disease parasite infection.
ABX464 upregulates IL-22 and miR-124, showing strong anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical models. The compound also prevents intestinal inflammation and protects against colitis, with therapeutic effects lasting at least 6 weeks.
Penn Vet researchers have discovered a new mechanism for antibacterial immunity, where caspase-8 regulates inflammatory cytokine production. In mice lacking caspase-8, innate immune cells have a general defect in responding to microbial products, leading to increased susceptibility to infections.
Researchers have identified interleukin-17A (IL-17A) as a crucial cytokine in the immune response against visceral leishmaniasis. Stimulating IL-17A production can help reduce parasite load and prevent organ lesions, paving the way for new therapeutic strategies.
A recent study published in Nature Medicine investigated the genetic control of immune cell responses to pathogens. Researchers found that cytokine production varied significantly between individuals and was influenced by six genomic regions. The study's findings suggest that genetic markers may predict infection risk, leading to new t...
Scientists discover B lymphocytes play a crucial role in psoriasis by regulating IL-10 levels, which can lead to poorer inflammatory control. This finding provides potential targets for new therapies to combat the incurable disease.
A new study identifies food stuffs that can prevent chronic inflammation, a leading cause of death. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables, particularly polyphenol-rich foods, protect against age-related inflammation and chronic diseases.
Researchers found that innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are fully prepared for rapid response to infection, with their genetic information set up beforehand. ILCs release cytokines to transmit signals and defend the body's barrier regions against microbes.
Researchers at Georgia State University identified a new factor, IL-36, that promotes intestinal inflammation but also helps to resolve it. The study highlights the complex role of immune system balance in IBD and emphasizes the importance of understanding disease timing and phase for effective treatments.
Researchers found that infusing a small amount of IL-17A can prevent or reverse diabetic nephropathy in animal models. The therapy also reduced high levels of fat in the blood and aided survival and regeneration of key kidney cells, including podocytes and epithelial cells.
Scientists at Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute have discovered that a small shift in environmental factors can change how a cell in the immune system matures. They examined how interleukin-15 influences gene expression patterns in T helper cells, finding that it promotes a different kind of immune response similar to decreased...
Researchers at the University of Missouri found that resveratrol simultaneously increases and decreases dog's immune systems, leading to mixed signals. The study aims to better understand how this chemical affects human diseases, potentially leading to valuable treatments like cancer therapy.
A study confirms that GM-CSF drives inflammation and neuronal damage in MS, explaining why INF-Beta is effective at reducing MS attacks. The cytokine is also identified as a potential target for new therapies.
Researchers have developed a new drug-like molecule called WEHI-345 that binds to and inhibits a key immune signalling protein, preventing the release of inflammatory cytokines. The molecule showed promise in preventing the progression of multiple sclerosis in 50% of cases.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers reveals that Interleukin-3 (IL-3) promotes the production of inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils, which contribute to the 'cytokine storm' that underlies sepsis. Higher IL-3 levels in human patients with sepsis are associated with a greater risk of death.
A team of researchers found that T-helper cells can retain information on the specific cytokine needed to produce in response to an infection. This memory allows them to activate and release the pre-determined quantity of cytokine when faced with a new infection.
Researchers found that once CD8 T cells fight one pathogen, they join the body's innate immune system, ready to respond to a wide variety of infections. This discovery suggests that adaptive CD8 T cells can contribute to innate immunity and may have important implications for vaccine design.
A study by University of Illinois researchers found that TB-infected elephants have different immune responses to the infection compared to those without it. The team developed a new method to detect cytokine mRNA in elephants, which could lead to faster and more accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis in captive elephants.
Researchers found that SOCS4 suppresses the immune system's runaway reaction to flu infection, reducing the risk of cytokine storms and related deaths. The discovery provides a potential means of minimizing the impact of flu pandemics.
Researchers at Caltech have shown that bone marrow cells are sensitive to infection-related molecules and respond rapidly. They detect invasion and mount an inflammatory response, producing cytokines that stimulate the differentiation of immune cells.
Researchers at VIB and UGent have discovered a potential novel treatment for sepsis by neutralizing two harmful cytokines in the blood circulation. This approach may benefit from existing anti-cytokine treatments already in clinical use, offering renewed hope for combating this life-threatening disease.
Research found that neutralizing a specific cytokine in the brain impaired cognitive flexibility in stressed and nonstressed rats. However, restoring low levels of this cytokine in a specific region of the brain corrected the deficit.
A study published in Psychosomatic Medicine found that poor sleep quality during pregnancy can disrupt the immune system, leading to lower birth weights and other complications. Women with depression are more likely to experience disturbed sleep and immune system disruption.
Professors Barry Bresnihan and Jean-Michel Dayer received the Meritorious Service Award from EULAR for their dedication to advancing rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. They have conducted pivotal research that substantially improved patient lives, particularly in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Millions of Americans experience abnormality of smell function, affecting daily life. Researchers have discovered a crucial balance between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines in nasal mucus, which may lead to new treatments for patients with smell loss.
University of Montreal researchers found that metformin reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines, which can lead to pathological inflammation and cancer growth. The study suggests that metformin may slow down the aging process by preventing this chronic inflammation.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered that magnesium reduces inflammation by reducing NF-kB activity and subsequent cytokine production. This new insight offers a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for treating diseases such as asthma, atherosclerosis, and sepsis.
A new study published by Ohio State University found that omega-3 fatty acid supplements can lower inflammation in healthy but overweight middle-aged and older adults. After four months of supplementation, participants experienced a significant decrease in inflammatory markers, with the low-dose group showing a 10% reduction in interle...
Fuxman Bass, a postdoctoral scholar, received the fellowship to study the complex immune system and its regulation by transcription factors. The research could lead to new treatments for cancer, infection, and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales have discovered a potential new way to regulate the immune response, increasing good regulating cells to treat autoimmune diseases. The treatment involves injecting cell-signalling proteins called cytokines, which boost the body's immune system without causing overdrive.
Researchers found that surface layer proteins of C. difficile produce a different cytokine response in patients with recurrent infection compared to those with initial onset. This suggests a more chronic inflammatory process, potentially leading to continuous or re-infection.
The AADR William B. Clark Fellowship will support Dr. Palomo's research on bisphosphonates and their effect on the periodontium in postmenopausal women. The award aims to advance knowledge for the improvement of oral health through clinical research.
A novel cocktail of neutralizing reagents has been developed to treat proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), a sight-threatening complication after retinal detachment surgery. The approach targets growth factors and cytokines that promote PVR, with promising results in animal models.
Researchers at Cornell University discovered how Toxoplasma gondii evades the human immune system by hijacking immune cells and manipulating cell behavior. The parasite's ability to control its host's immune system challenges common conceptions of pathogen-host interactions.
A new study reveals that endothelial cells release cytokines in response to flu infection, rather than virus-infected cells. This finding opens the door for a new type of flu therapy targeting these immune responses.
Researchers identified a specific receptor-based mechanism that triggers cytokine storms, leading to severe lung damage and organ failure. The discovery opens new possibilities for treating this condition with targeted therapies.
A novel sensory pathway modulates Th17 cell responses, revealing a potential anti-inflammatory mechanism for PI-3K and Akt inhibitors. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding autoimmune diseases and developing new treatments.
Researchers developed a serum-free culture for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), increasing cellular growth and enhancing specific differentiation capacities. This breakthrough enables the use of 'off-the-shelf' serum-free media, promoting greater control over cell fate regulation and tissue engineering applications.
A lung protein called EMAPII has been identified as a key player in smoking-related emphysema. An antibody targeting this protein shows promise in reducing cell death and inflammation in mice with emphysema, suggesting potential as a new treatment for the condition.