Articles tagged with Cytokines
Researchers have discovered that immune cells play a crucial role in directing the growth of human lung tissue during development, revolutionizing our understanding of early lung development. The findings also suggest that early immune disturbances could manifest as pediatric lung disease.
Researchers using cancer as a model system are uncovering basic principles of immune cell communication and spatial dynamics. Understanding these principles can lead to new treatments for various diseases, including viral infections and cancer.
Researchers developed a ceria nanoparticle-immobilized mesenchymal stem cell nanovesicle hybrid system to treat rheumatoid arthritis. This approach provides both immediate pain relief through ROS scavenging and long-term immune tolerance by delivering immunomodulatory cytokines.
Researchers at UCSF found a feedback loop between immune protein IL-31 and nerve cells, which dials back nearby inflammation and promotes skin healing. This discovery could lead to new treatments for conditions like eczema, allergies, and asthma by targeting the nervous system's role in regulating the immune response.
Researchers created a tiny 3D cell culture model that mimics the function of lymphatic vessels to explore how inflammatory substances affect the lymphatic system. They found that certain cytokines cause cells to tighten their junctions, leading to reduced fluid drainage and swelling. Inhibiting a protein called ROCK2 reversed lymphedem...
A recent study published in Geroscience found that trigonelline, a plant alkaloid in coffee, significantly improved spatial learning and memory performance in senescence-accelerated mice. The researchers also identified the underlying molecular mechanisms, including reduced neuroinflammation and increased neurotransmitter release.
Researchers found that Dectin-1 stimulation induced a unique immune signature in HIV-positive older adults, characterized by increased levels of IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-α. This signature may contribute to the pro-inflammatory environment associated with HIV and aging.
A NIH-funded study found that severe COVID-19 can cause lasting changes in the innate immune system, boosting inflammatory cytokine production and leading to chronic inflammation. Early treatment with IL-6 inhibitors may help mitigate these effects.
Researchers have identified KIAA0930 as a key factor causing muscle atrophy in cancer cells, which could lead to the development of new anti-cachexia therapies. The study found that KIAA0930 knockdown cells showed increased muscle mass and weight compared to control cells.
Researchers found that expression of CiDRE in alveolar macrophages makes patients more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 invasion and promotes cytokine storm. The genetic quirk is associated with severe COVID-19 symptoms, suggesting potential treatments targeting IL-10R and CiDRE.
Dendritic cells form three-dimensional networks that regulate their migration and development. The new concept reveals how cytokines keep the cells together and close gaps in their network. This discovery has prognostic value for tumour diseases, particularly after immunotherapy.
Researchers at University of Bristol found that Long Covid is not caused by an immune inflammatory reaction to COVID-19. Instead, persistent immune activation and inflammation may persist for months after COVID-19, correlating with severe disease. The study suggests a new direction for understanding and potentially treating this debili...
COPD patients treated with dupilumab experienced rapid and sustained improvements in disease, as measured by reduced acute exacerbations, better lung function, and improved quality of life. This is the first biologic to show clinical outcomes improvement in COPD.
UCF researcher Dr. Justine Tigno-Aranjuez has discovered a new receptor that recognizes house dust mite allergens, opening up potential for broad-spectrum therapy. The finding could lead to improved treatments for common allergies, including asthma.
Researchers found immune markers associated with myocardial injury in hypertensive patients with Covid-19, including altered cytokine levels and immune cell activation. These findings suggest a key role for immune dysregulation in the development of cardiac muscle injury.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki discovered a small molecule that inhibits cytokine protein formation, alleviating rheumatoid arthritis symptoms in mice. This breakthrough enables the rational design of novel molecules for disease prevention and treatment.
Researchers found variability in IgA levels between blood and gut samples, suggesting IgA regulates commensal microbes to prevent immune dysregulation. Patients with normal fecal IgA were less likely to develop symptoms, while those deficient in both blood and fecal IgA showed elevated inflammatory cytokines.
Pharmaceutical scientists from the National University of Singapore have developed multi-functional synthetic peptide nanonets for relieving inflammation caused by bacterial infection. These nanonets trap bacterial endotoxins and pro-inflammatory cytokines, achieving anti-inflammatory activity through selective binding.
Researchers discover that senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) can induce neuroendocrine transdifferentiation (NED) in breast cancer epithelial cells, promoting tumor progression and aging-related features. SASP's dual role in cancer involves both antitumoral and tumorigenic effects.
Researchers from Cima University of Navarra have found that inhaling menthol improves cognitive ability in animal models of Alzheimer's disease by modulating the immune system and reducing interleukin-1-beta levels. This study opens doors to developing therapies based on stimulating and training the olfactory system.
A new immunotherapy treatment developed by UCF researchers uses targeted IL-2 to fight respiratory viral infections with improved outcomes in animal studies. The treatment promotes an antiviral inflammatory response and reduces bronchial inflammation.
A new study finds that rare helper T cells called Th9 can drive allergic disease and may hold the key to precision medicine approaches for treating severe allergies. Th9 cells are activated by specific transcription factors and can produce inflammatory cytokines without antigen stimulation.
This study examined the effects of deferoxamine and ferrostatin-1 on salivary gland dysfunction in ovariectomized rats. The researchers found that these compounds reduced inflammation, fibrosis, and improved salivary gland function, suggesting potential treatments for postmenopausal xerostomia.
Researchers investigated the roles of STAT3α and STAT3β in aggressive breast cancer and found that differential silencing of these isoforms leads to changes in STAT3 activation. This study emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between STAT3 isoforms for accurate cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Researchers at University of Pittsburgh have discovered a type of immune cell that drives chronic organ transplant failure and uncovered pathways to improve patient outcomes. Blocking IL-15 signaling has been shown to prolong graft survival in mouse kidney recipients, offering a promising therapeutic target.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new technology that boosts weak biochemical signals by over 1,000 times using plastic transistor amplification. This enables real-time health diagnostics and disease monitoring without complex electronics.
A new study identifies several cytokine markers associated with poor prognosis in New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) patients. The researchers found that the concentration of these inflammatory proteins was higher in NORSE patients than controls, and their increase was correlated with short-term and long-term neurological ...
Researchers found that dexamethasone prevents cytokine storms in severe COVID-19 patients by inhibiting ion channels and reducing immune cell inflammation. This led to improved lung function and reduced mortality rates. The study's findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of steroid treatment in severe COVID-19.
Research at IRB Barcelona reveals CPEB4's essential role in T lymphocytes' adaptation to chronic cellular stress. By overcoming this stress, these cells can exert their antitumour function and halt tumour growth.
Researchers have created a bacterial 'suicide squad' that targets tumors and attracts immune cells to destroy them. The engineered E. coli bacteria release their contents when they reach a quorum inside a tumor, triggering an immune response.
Researchers at NYU College of Dentistry have developed a single score to describe the level of cytokines in saliva, which correlates with the severity of clinical gum inflammation. The study found that higher levels of cytokines in saliva match greater gum inflammation.
A team of scientists led by Thomas Blankenstein presents a mechanism that prevents the immune response from overshooting its mark. The KRKR motif, a short sequence of four amino acids, is crucial in binding to connective tissue and preventing interferon-gamma from spreading throughout the body.
Researchers found that klotho has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects on cultured glial cells, reversing increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The study supports klotho's therapeutic potential in pathological processes with a neuroinflammatory component.
A new method utilizes an unnatural sugar to anchor cytokines to T cells, enhancing their functions without systemic side-effects. The approach has shown promise in stimulating the host immune system against tumor cells and inhibiting tumor growth in mice with melanoma.
Researchers discovered a previously unknown property of certain immune cells called Th17 cells, which produce the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1α. This finding sheds light on autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis in children and provides new insights into the defense against fungal infections.
Scientists at UCSF have engineered T cells to produce a potent anti-cancer cytokine that only activates in tumor cells, eliminating melanoma and pancreatic cancer in mice. The treatment uses IL-2, which supercharges T cells to kill cancer cells while protecting against infection, offering a promising new strategy for fighting hard-to-t...
Research reveals that brain function networks are affected differently by aging, gender, and blood immune factors. The study found correlations between cytokine clock, brain shrinkage, and gender, with females having a faster ticking cytokine clock.
A new potential biomarker for severe COVID-19 has been identified by researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden. Elevated levels of the cytokine IL-26 are linked to increased inflammation and tissue damage in patients with acute COVID-19.
Researchers discovered that a ketogenic diet high in saturated fats can reprogram the mouse immune system, making it better at fighting off infections but more susceptible to systemic inflammatory conditions. The study also found that another type of fat, oleic acid, may be able to counteract the harmful effects of palmitic acid.
Researchers at Cleveland Clinic are exploring the role of inflammatory cytokines in cancer treatment, with a focus on developing personalized therapies. The five-year grant will help identify potential windows for therapy and optimize treatment strategies for individual cancers.
Researchers discovered consistent fluctuations in vaginal immune-signaling molecules during menstrual cycles, influencing fertility and infectious disease development. This study provides a framework for optimizing vaccine administration to align with the immune system's natural ebbs and flows.
Researchers found pre-existing differences in gut bacteria between people with and without HIV, including decreased Bacteroides species and increased Megasphaera elsdenii. These changes were present even before infection occurred, suggesting a potential link between gut microbiome and HIV susceptibility.
Research by Tohoku University scientists found that contextual fear conditioning alters genes associated with the synapse in microglia, indicating a new mechanism linking microglia and neuronal activity related to fear conditioning. This non-immune communication may play a key role in fear memory consolidation and extinction.
A study at Washington State University has identified sulfatase-2 as a critical protein driving damage caused by rheumatoid arthritis. The discovery sheds light on molecular processes behind inflammation in the disease and could lead to improved treatments.
Rice University researchers have developed a treatment combining drug factory implants producing interleukin-2 with checkpoint inhibitors to eradicate advanced-stage mesothelioma tumors in mice. The treatment resulted in complete tumor destruction in all seven treated mice, offering a promising approach to this aggressive lung cancer.
The study investigated the effects of combined endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on liver function and metabolic homeostasis in mice models. Significant changes were observed at high EDC exposure levels, including liver weight increase, lipid buildup, and elevated blood glucose levels.
Researchers found that highly specialized T cells, designed to eliminate infected cells, remained active in the blood of all previously SARS-CoV-2-infected patients for at least 20 months. These T cells did not disappear or wane even at long follow-up, suggesting a vital aspect of protective immunity that persists years after COVID-19.
A team of researchers at the University of Texas at Austin has developed a new therapeutic that uses transmembrane stem cell factor to treat ischemia and stroke without causing allergic reactions. The therapeutic, delivered in engineered lipid nanocarriers, shows promise in enhancing revascularization in ischemic tissues.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine found that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can lower blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension. After a single session or ten sessions, the treatment reduced peripheral and central blood pressure in some patients by up to 15 mmHg.
Researchers found that inhibiting caspase 11 reduced inflammation, tissue injury and blood clots in lung tissue of infected mice. This suggests potential therapeutic targets for treating severe COVID-19 symptoms.
Researchers investigated the effects of treatment with exogenous Humanin G on inflammation markers in AMD and normal retinal cells. The study found reduced levels of inflammatory proteins in AMD plasma and treated cybrids, highlighting the positive effects of Humanin G.
Researchers identified a blood biomarker that predicts severe Crohn's disease and is detectable up to seven years prior to diagnosis. The biomarker neutralizes protective effects of a cytokine, leading to intestinal damage and weakening the immune system.
Researchers at Ochsner Health and MD Anderson have discovered that blocking interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lab models improves cancer responses while minimizing inflammation in healthy tissue. By targeting this cytokine, immune checkpoint inhibitors may become more targeted on tumors with fewer side effects.
Researchers found that hypoxia can activate immune cells called ILC2s, which respond to harmless environmental allergens and drive mucus production and inflammation in the lungs. The study identifies adrenomedullin as a new target for treating inflammatory and allergic lung diseases.
Researchers at University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center identify IL-6 as a key player in immunotherapy toxicity. A novel strategy combining IL-6 blockade with immune checkpoint blockade shows promise in reducing autoimmune side effects while preserving antitumor efficacy.
Researchers have identified a panel of cytokines that can help predict which COVID-19 patients are at risk of serious illness and death. High levels of certain cytokines, such as IL-6 and IP-10, can signal an excessive immune response that may lead to organ failure and death.
Researchers developed a new treatment option for relapsed or refractory CD30+ lymphoma using natural killer cells complexed with a CD30/CD16A bispecific antibody. The treatment showed an overall response rate of 89% in patients with advanced lymphoma.
Researchers developed a gel that temporarily houses cytokines and CAR-T cells near tumors, enhancing their attack power. The gel enables continuous release of activated CAR-T cells, effectively treating solid tumors.
A new study by University of Southampton researchers found that a third COVID-19 vaccination improves immune responses in blood cancer patients. The study showed that 92% of patients without recent anti-CD20 treatment had improved antibody responses after the third dose.
Researchers have solved the full-length structure of a crucial signaling protein in cells, known as a Janus kinase. The breakthrough could lead to new and better drugs against certain cancers, allowing healthy versions of the proteins to keep performing their normal duties.