Articles tagged with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience increased healthcare costs in the two years before and after diagnosis compared to those without ADHD. White children have higher expenses than other ethnicities, reflecting a possible cultural factor in treatment acceptance.
A study by researchers at the University of Virginia Health System found that OROS methylphenidate (Concerta) improves driving performance in teen drivers with ADHD, reducing inattentive and hyperactive errors. The study suggests Concerta should be the initial treatment for teens with ADHD.
Katie Lee Joel joins forces with experts to promote low-phosphorus cooking, sharing six new recipes to honor her grandfather's memory and help patients manage chronic kidney disease. The Kidney Friendly Comfort Foods program aims to show that kidney-friendly foods don't have to be boring.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine found that nearly half of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are not receiving treatment. The study, which analyzed data from over 1,600 twins, suggests that many cases of ADHD may be underdiagnosed or undertreated.
Researchers have improved screening for Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among substance users, enabling timely treatment and better recovery from addiction. The study uses the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) to facilitate accurate diagnosis and targeted interventions.
Three studies presented at CPDD show lisdexamfetamine dimesylate has lower euphoric effects and delayed peak effects compared to d-amphetamine sulfate. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate also produces liking effects in healthy adults with previous history of stimulant abuse.
A new study reveals that ADHD medications mainly affect the prefrontal cortex, a region linked to attention and decision-making. This finding could aid in developing more effective treatments.
A new study reveals that Pycnogenol, a French maritime pine bark extract, significantly reduces hyperactivity and improves attention, concentration, and motor-visual coordination in children with ADHD. The study's findings suggest that Pycnogenol may serve as a safe and effective treatment for children diagnosed with ADHD.
Researchers have found that an ADHD medication 'harmonizes' with the body's dopamine system, improving attention and focus in individuals. The study, presented at a medical conference, provides direct evidence of the drug's beneficial effect, which was previously speculative.
Researchers found that Ritalin increases norepinephrine and suppresses sensory responses in the brain, allowing individuals to focus better. The study provides insights into how the drug produces its paradoxical effects and may lead to more effective treatments for ADHD.
A phase II trial of NRP104 demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in ADHD symptoms comparable to mixed amphetamine salts extended-release. The medication was well-tolerated and showed improved behavior, academic productivity, and reduced symptoms in children aged 6 to 12 years with ADHD.
Long-acting mixed amphetamine salts (MAS XR) and immediate-release mixed amphetamine salts showed similar efficacy to short- or long-acting methylphenidates. Stimulant medications like amphetamines and methylphenidate are more effective in treating ADHD symptoms, according to the study.
Phase II and phase III clinical trials demonstrate DAYTRANA's effectiveness in reducing ADHD symptoms, including improvements in behavior and classroom performance. The patch formulation provides a once-daily treatment option for children aged 6-12 with ADHD.
A neurocognitive study found that mixed amphetamine salts extended release improved divided attention, visuospatial working memory, visual scanning, and mental flexibility in adults with ADHD. Participants who received the medication showed significant improvements in response speed and maintained accuracy when switched to placebo.
A new study found that lead exposure affects executive function in children with ADHD, particularly those with certain genetic variations. The research suggests that boys are more vulnerable to the negative effects of lead exposure on attentional flexibility.
Researchers found that individuals with ADHD were more likely to misuse their medication, particularly selling or taking too much. Immediate release stimulants were most prone to misuse, while extended release formulations were not targeted by abusers.
Researchers found that children with ADHD or conduct disorder display more extreme personality profiles, including aggressiveness and thrill-seeking behavior. The study suggests a strong connection between personality traits and these disorders, highlighting the importance of considering personality in initial assessments.
A study compared the abuse potential of two methylphenidate formulations, finding that the delayed-release version took longer to produce maximum effects and was less detectable. Researchers suggest that different formulations may vary in safety characteristics, warranting further study.
A study by Queen's University psychologist Mark Sabbagh found that Chinese preschoolers show better self-control than their North American counterparts. Executive functioning skills, which enable focus on goals despite distractions, develop more rapidly in Chinese children.
The investigational methylphenidate transdermal system (MTS) demonstrated statistically significant reductions in ADHD symptoms and was well-tolerated in patients aged 6 to 12. MTS improved behavior, math performance, and overall symptom reduction compared to placebo.
A two-year, open-label trial demonstrated that adults with ADHD experienced significant long-term symptom control when treated with once-daily ADDERALL XR. The treatment showed a good tolerability profile and was significantly associated with improved quality of life.
A new study published in the Journal of Psychiatric Research found that children of bipolar parents scored higher than healthy controls on a creativity test. The research suggests a possible link between creativity and bipolar disorder, with some experts attributing creative activity to mobilizing energy from negative emotions.
A study found that ADDERALL XR significantly improved driving safety and performance in patients with ADHD, measured by a 2.5-point reduction in their average Driving Safety Score. The medication also showed significant effects on ADHD symptom control, improving attention and reducing lapses in attention.
Research found a significant association between a COMT gene variant and antisocial behavior in children with ADHD or hyperkinetic disorder. Low birth weight was also associated with antisocial behavior, highlighting the importance of prenatal risk factors.
Children with ADHD treated with the MTS patch showed statistically significant improvements in behavior and math performance. The phase II and III studies demonstrated a 56% reduction in ADHD symptoms, paving the way for potential approval by the FDA.
A two-year study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that extended-release stimulant medications continue to be effective in controlling ADHD symptoms with minimal tolerance. The study involved over 400 children and showed no clinically significant effects on growth, weight, or cardiovascular health.
A new study found that healthy individuals carrying a specific variant of the dopamine transporter gene have significantly higher levels of dopamine transporter in their brains. The results suggest that this variation may influence concentrations of extracellular dopamine and are relevant to conditions such as substance abuse, tobacco ...
EQUETRO demonstrates significant reduction in manic symptoms for patients previously taking valproate or lithium, with average YMRS scores decreasing by 10.8 and 11.6 points, respectively. The medication is an effective treatment option for acute manic and mixed episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder.
Adults with ADHD experience significant financial losses due to lower educational attainment and achievement, as well as difficulties in the workplace. The study found that adults with ADHD had an average loss of $8,900 to $15,400 per year in household income.
Researchers found significant improvement in sensory avoiding behaviors and tactile sensitivity after therapy sessions for children with ADHD. The treatment helped children better attend to lessons in noisy classrooms and participate in family activities.
Researchers found that combining methylphenidate patch with behavior modification was superior to either treatment alone, achieving greater improvement in child behavior. The study also showed significant reductions in medication dosages needed, making it ideal for administering lower doses over time.
A survey of 41 employers found that many companies provide significant services that could help families affected by ADHD, including flexible work hours, family leave arrangements, and child care assistance. Employers are often unaware of the availability of these services or lack awareness about the needs of parents with ADHD.
A recent study at Yale University found that the ADHD medication Ritalin has a comparable impact on adolescents with reading disorder, improving brain activity levels. The research used functional magnetic resonance imaging to analyze brain function and revealed altered areas of activation in response to cognitive tasks.
A recent study published at the ACNP Conference found that exposing rats to Ritalin during early development can lead to reduced ability to experience pleasure and reward, as well as depressive-like behaviors in adulthood. This raises concerns about the long-term effects of ADHD medication on normal-functioning brains.
A novel imaging technique has found abnormality of fiber pathways in frontal cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum in children with ADHD. This research suggests that subtle anatomical differences may be involved in the disorder, contrary to the traditional view of a chemical imbalance.
A six-week study found that patients taking ADDERALL XR showed significant improvements in driving performance and cognitive functioning compared to placebo. The medication reduced ADHD symptoms by 30% in 80% of patients, leading to better driving skills and safety.
A study by Emory University researchers found that brief reductions in blood oxygen levels during critical brain development can lead to long-lasting deficiencies in dopamine release and hyperactivity in juvenile rats. This discovery may help explain the development of ADHD and provide insights into potential treatments.
A new study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that males are at a higher risk for ADHD than females, with low maternal and paternal education levels increasing the risk. Researchers analyzed birth certificates of children born between 1976 and 1982 and identified those with ADHD using medical and school records.
Adults with ADHD experience significant economic losses, including lower household incomes and reduced full-time employment rates. The condition also affects relationships and overall satisfaction with life.
A significant reduction of ADHD symptoms was observed among children participating in green outdoor activities, regardless of region or setting. Exposure to ordinary natural settings may offer a widely effective treatment for managing ADHD symptoms.
Researchers used SPECT imaging to measure dopamine transporter binding in 18 adult ADHD patients. Those with high levels of binding showed significant improvement on Ritalin, while those with reduced binding did not respond to the drug.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that parental reports of ADHD symptoms are as accurate as those from teachers. This breakthrough could help design better clinical trials for pediatric ADHD medications. The research supports the use of parental reports in assessing child behavior and response to treatment.
The study found that higher doses of Concerta were associated with significantly greater symptom response and remission rates in children with ADHD, compared to immediate-release methylphenidate. Overall, 70% of subjects showed a clinically meaningful treatment response to Concerta.
A phase III study presented at the American Psychiatric Association Meeting found that ADDERALL XR improves ADHD symptoms for up to 24 months. The medication reduced symptoms by an average of 45% in patients who received it consistently, with a significant reduction in inattention and impulsivity subscales.
A survey of adults reveals long-term consequences of ADHD, including lower educational achievement, relationship instability, and higher rates of stress, depression, and substance abuse. Adults with ADHD are also more likely to experience negative self-image and engage in harmful behaviors.
A new study shows that mixed amphetamine salts significantly improve behavior scores compared to atomoxetine, particularly in a 12-hour analog classroom setting. Additionally, mixed amphetamine salts also improve attention and academic productivity, allowing children to complete more math problems correctly.
A study found that bupropion significantly reduced daily cigarette smoke among adolescents with ADHD, leading to lower carbon monoxide levels. No change was noted in ADHD symptom scores.
Researchers found that children taking additional zinc sulphate on a daily basis showed faster improvement in their ADHD symptoms compared to those taking a placebo. The study's results suggest a potential role of zinc deficiency in the pathogenesis of ADHD and highlight the need for further research.
Research suggests that novelty-seeking teenagers are more vulnerable to cigarette smoking due to common behavioral elements. Anti-tobacco campaigns targeting this trait may prevent these teens from smoking.
Research reveals that prenatal alcohol exposure can cause slower processing speeds and arousal-regulation problems as early as infancy. Infants of mothers who consumed large amounts of alcohol during pregnancy showed higher levels of behavioral arousal but responded more slowly to stimuli.
A genome-wide investigation found that reading ability in individuals with ADHD shares common genetic variants with the condition, but also has distinct genetic underpinnings. The study identified four chromosomal regions associated with reading ability, overlapping previously identified areas for ADHD and reading disorder.
A study using MRI technology found significantly higher levels of excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate and lower levels of inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the frontal region of children with ADHD. This imbalance may contribute to poor impulse control and other behavioral issues associated with the condition.
A recent genetic study found a strong association between the dopamine receptor D1 gene and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study suggests that this gene variant may increase the risk of developing inattentive symptoms of ADHD. Further research is needed to confirm these findings, but the discovery provides new ins...
A recent brain-imaging study has identified specific areas of abnormal structure and function in the brains of children with ADHD, including reduced prefrontal cortex size and increased grey matter in regions controlling impulse control. The findings may help inform the development of new therapeutic agents for treating ADHD.
A study by Northwestern University researchers found that nearly a third of jailed teenagers have co-occurring substance abuse disorders and ADHD or behavioral disorders. The authors suggest that mental health professionals must collaborate with the juvenile justice system to improve screening, diversion, and access to treatment.
Researchers created a new brain mapping technique to visualize brain dynamics and dynamics of cortex maturation in children. The study found that gray matter loss begins first in motor and sensory parts of the brain, followed by areas involved in spatial orientation, speech, and language development.
Researchers identified a distinct phenotype of individuals with co-existing ADHD and alcoholism, characterized by increased severity of alcohol dependence and earlier age of onset. Adults with ADHD were found to be at high risk of developing an alcohol-use disorder, with a significantly higher daily intake of alcohol.
A study found that children with severe attention problems in childhood are more likely to develop substance abuse issues, particularly alcohol and marijuana problems. The researchers suggest that early identification and treatment of ADHD can help prevent these issues by targeting the root cause of inattention symptoms.
A study found that teenagers with severe childhood ADHD are more likely to experience substance use problems, including alcohol and marijuana use. The researchers also discovered that the severity of inattention symptoms in childhood ADHD is a strong predictor of early substance abuse.
Two studies clarify that ADHD and BPD are distinct disorders that can occur in adults, and identify bupropion as a possible treatment for both conditions. The medications used to treat ADHD may exacerbate manic symptoms, but addressing both disorders is crucial for improved functioning and well-being.