Articles tagged with Hippocampal Neurons
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists have discovered that touch input plays a crucial role in guiding the normal maturation of the pain sensitivity system during development, contradicting the long-held assumption that it is an innate process. This finding has important implications for understanding chronic pain and may lead to new therapeutic methods.
Researchers found that FGF-2 supplementation limits existing neuron loss while promoting new neuron generation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus following traumatic brain injury. This approach may offer a rational strategy for treating brain injury by enhancing neurogenesis and reducing neurodegeneration.
Researchers found that fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) boosts new brain cell production and protects existing neurons from degeneration following traumatic brain injury. The study suggests FGF-2 supplementation may improve TBI outcomes.
A study found that exercise increases BDNF and neurogenesis in mice, but high levels of these chemicals don't necessarily improve learning. In fact, high-running mice perform poorly in maze tests, suggesting a potential 'tipping point' where too much exercise becomes detrimental.
Researchers found that antidepressants stimulate new neuron creation, which takes several weeks, and that this process is crucial for clinical response. The study also highlights the importance of specific serotonin receptors in regulating emotions.
Researchers found that brain cells recycle synaptic vesicles rapidly through a 'kiss-and-run' process, allowing for efficient communication. This process enables small nerve terminals to get full mileage from their limited set of vesicles, supporting rapid neurotransmitter release.
In a groundbreaking study, UCSD researchers discovered that the 14-3-3 epsilon protein is crucial for normal brain development and migration of neurons. Defects in this protein lead to severe brain disorders like Miller-Dieker syndrome, characterized by profound mental retardation and early death.
Researchers monitored activity of individual neurons in monkeys' brains as they learned new associations through a computer game. The study identified 'changing cells' whose neural activity paralleled learning, suggesting a gradual recruitment of hippocampal neurons involved in memory formation and long-term storage.
In a study, mice fasted every other day had lower blood glucose and insulin levels than control or calorically restricted groups. Meal-skipping also improved nerve cell resistance to neurotoxin injury, suggesting potential benefits for neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers genetically altered a protein to prevent phosphorylation, resulting in mice that could learn but not remember spatial locations. This discovery sheds light on the role of neuronal plasticity in learning and memory.
A new tool called APRA allows for detailed analysis of mRNA molecules in intact cells, revealing key interactions with the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP). The study provides a potential approach to develop new treatments for Fragile X syndrome, a genetic disorder that affects mental development.
A combination of DEET, permethrin, and pyridostigmine bromide may have inadvertently damaged Gulf War soldiers' testes and sperm production, according to a Duke University Medical Center study. The chemicals caused extensive cell degeneration and cell death in rats, leading to severe testicular damage.
Buszaki's research published in Science and Nature reveals the neural code used by brain cells to communicate, including wave-like bursts that shape connections in the newborn brain. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding how memories are formed and how the brain develops.
Researchers at USF Center for Aging and Brain Repair investigate whether stem cells from human umbilical cord blood can reverse age-related declines in learning and memory. The 5-year study aims to determine the effectiveness of these cells in treating neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
Adult neural stem cells isolated from rats' brains can mature into functioning brain cells, forming normal neuronal structures and connections. The study's findings suggest potential for clinical application in regenerating damaged brain tissue.
A new study suggests that galanin, previously thought to be detrimental to Alzheimer's patients, may actually enhance acetylcholine release from remaining cholinergic basal forebrain neurons. This compensatory role could delay disease progression and inform the development of galanin antagonists as a potential treatment option.
Researchers found that folic acid deficiency led to decreased neurons and increased homocysteine levels, causing DNA damage in the hippocampus. Adequate folate intake helped repair this damage, suggesting a possible cause-effect relationship between folic acid and Alzheimer's disease prevention
Researchers found that neural stem cells migrate to injured brain areas in response to acute brain injuries, such as strokes. This self-repair mechanism could potentially lead to new treatments for brain-related disorders.
A study published in Science found no new neurons in the neocortex of adult monkeys, contradicting previous reports. Researchers used advanced imaging techniques to analyze thousands of cells and conclude that mechanisms other than neurogenesis may be needed to understand brain function.
Scientists from UCSD's Divisions of Biology and Physical Sciences have observed the formation of permanent nerve connections that store short- and long-term memories. By visualizing the rods and filaments of actin, they discovered that these changes occur after repeated stimulation, mimicking human memory consolidation.
Researchers at Emory University found that growth factor BDNF stimulates the production of new neurons in several areas of the adult brain, including the striatum and hypothalamus. This discovery suggests a more profound capacity for neurogenesis in the adult forebrain than previously thought.
A Harvard Medical School study found that immune proteins Class I MHC and CD3-zeta play a role in brain development and remodeling, potentially triggering developmental disorders like dyslexia. The proteins may also be involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis.
Researchers have gained a close look at synapses and dendritic spines governing brain function using high resolution imaging technique two-photon microscopy. They discovered that single calcium channels in these structures are responsible for triggering changes in neurons, encoding memories and processing information.
Researchers have discovered that synuclein plays a crucial role in communication between neurons, potentially shedding light on the mechanisms underlying Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. The study provides strong evidence that synucleins control the release of neurotransmitters from nerve cells.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory uncovered a new link in the molecular chain of events thought to underlie learning and memory. Strengthening of nerve cell connections can be largely explained by the movement of AMPA receptors into synapses.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have coaxed high-level neurons in adult zebra finches to be replaced by their own endogenous precursor cells, demonstrating the potential for brain repair and regeneration.
Scientists discovered that Prozac increases new neurons in rats' brains by 69% compared to controls. This finding may explain why people recover from depression with SSRIs. The study also suggests serotonin's role in treating other neurological diseases like Alzheimer's.
Researchers at USC created a machine system that recognizes spoken words better than humans, with the ability to distinguish words in vast amounts of random noise. The novel neural network architecture mimics the biological system's temporal dimension, allowing it to process information structured in time.
Researchers discovered a protein called yotiao, which anchors enzymes to NMDA receptors in neurons, controlling electrical impulses. This sophisticated control mechanism allows for precise and rapid signaling, enabling nerve cells to rapidly recover from activation.
Researchers have created living nerve cell colonies on silicon chips that can be used to study the brain's functions and potentially develop new prosthetic devices. The colonies, grown from rat hippocampal neurons, can live for extended periods and communicate with each other through a matrix of electrodes.
A new study finds that certain brain cells can be stimulated to regenerate following a stroke, potentially treating memory disorders in stroke patients. Researchers discovered a 12-fold increase in the birth of new cells in rodents after stroke, which may lead to rewireing the brain and helping survivors recover lost memory function.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation, a key process for memory formation. The study reveals that CaM-KII plays a critical role in this process, enabling persistent changes in synaptic strength and storage of information.