Articles tagged with Hypothalamus
Researchers at the University of Utah discovered that Wnt signaling is essential for the production and specialization of nerve cell precursors in the hypothalamus. The study found that Wnt signaling continues to be required for adult neurogenesis, suggesting a key role in brain plasticity.
A team of scientists at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center has identified the mechanism responsible for inhibition of AMPK activity in the hypothalamus, a crucial integration point where multiple signaling pathways converge. This discovery could lead to new treatments for metabolic diseases and cancer.
Exposure to environmental chemicals like PCBs in the womb causes long-term changes to the developing brain, leading to delayed puberty and disrupted reproductive cycles. The study identified five genes critical to normal hypothalamic control of reproduction, providing a potential target for interventions.
Researchers discovered that underweight babies are more likely to become obese due to a disrupted hypothalamus, which leads to an increased appetite for calories. This results in the child consuming more calories to catch up on lost nutrition in utero, potentially leading to childhood obesity.
Researchers at Lund University have discovered a causal relationship between mutated Huntington's protein and weight gain in mice. The study shows significant changes in the brain's hormone control centre, leading to insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction.
A new study reveals that Huntington's disease protein causes metabolic imbalances in the hypothalamus, leading to increased appetite and weight. The research provides evidence of a causal link between mutant huntingtin expression and metabolic dysfunction.
Researchers at Florida State University have developed a mathematical model to study prolactin secretion from the pituitary gland, which could lead to new treatments for disorders such as infertility. The study found that oxytocin stimulates prolactin secretion and that dopamine inhibits it.
Researchers discovered that a specific brain region, the hypothalamus, plays a crucial role in aging and longevity. Mice engineered to produce more SIRT1 protein exhibited increased energy efficiency, delayed aging, and extended lifespan.
A new study reveals that a tiny part of the brain's hypothalamus is key to animals' fear responses, contradicting long-held assumptions about the amygdala. The research found that neutralizing this region eliminates fear in rodents, who instead exhibit bold and aggressive behavior towards predators.
A research team at the University of Wisconsin-Madison has identified a brain pathway responsible for regulating food intake and body weight. The discovery, published in Cell, suggests that targeting this pathway could lead to new treatments for obesity and related disorders such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers have discovered that modern brain centers containing hormones show similarities to those found in marine worm-like ancestors. These hormone-secreting cells are multifunctional and have sensory properties, suggesting they played a key role in conveying environmental cues to the body.
Researchers have identified a molecular link between spontaneous physical activity and food intake in mice, which could help explain individual variations in weight gain. The discovery of Bsx, a molecule regulating NPY and AgRP hormones, may lead to new ways to prevent obesity and related diseases.
A new UCLA study used fMRI to capture detailed pictures of the human brain's response to inhaling pure oxygen. The researchers found that adding carbon dioxide to the gas mix calms the hypothalamus and slows the release of dangerous chemicals, preventing lasting damage.
A newly discovered enzyme in the brain, CPT1c, plays a crucial role in managing hunger and satiety. Mice lacking this gene eat less but gain more weight on high-fat diets due to their brain's inability to regulate energy balance.
Scientists discovered that Hap1 protein is linked to circulating insulin and regulates GABA receptors in the hypothalamus, controlling feeding behavior in mice. The study provides insights into how abnormalities of hypothalamic function contribute to diabetes and obesity.
Researchers discovered a new brain hormone GnIH that directly inhibits the action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), stimulating the reproductive system. This finding suggests that GnIH plays a similar role in humans and other mammals, offering potential new treatments for infertility and precocious puberty.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine discovered that chronic suppression of malonyl CoA levels in the brain impairs nutrient-sensing mechanism, leading to increased food intake and obesity. The study suggests a potential new approach to treat obesity by re-adjusting malonyl-CoA levels in the human hypothalamus.
A new guideline suggests a blood test can help identify the type of seizure, distinguishing between generalized tonic-clonic seizures and complex partial seizures. The test measures prolactin levels in the blood after a seizure.
Researchers have identified a key gene called TTF-1 that delays female puberty. The study found that mice lacking this gene exhibited delayed puberty and reproductive issues, suggesting a potential link to the nation's rising obesity rates.
Researchers identified sex-specific differences in gene expression in various tissues, including liver, kidney, and reproductive organs. These differences were involved in drug and steroid metabolism, as well as regulation of fluid balance, with implications for understanding how males and females respond differently to drug treatments.
Researchers have identified neural pathways connecting the prefrontal cortex to the spinal cord and hypothalamus, influencing autonomic responses in complex emotional situations. These findings have implications for conditions such as anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Researchers discover that the HAP1 protein plays a crucial role in brain damage caused by Huntington's disease. The protein's interaction with mutant huntingtin leads to apoptosis in neurons, particularly in the hypothalamus. This finding offers new hope for therapeutic strategies aimed at bolstering HAP1 function.
Researchers found that prenatal ethanol exposure led to partial central diabetes insipidus in young adult rats, characterized by increased water consumption and reduced vasopressin release. This finding may provide insight into the pathogenesis of diabetes insipidus and offer potential treatment targets for this debilitating disorder.