Articles tagged with Kidney
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Yale University have identified triptolide, a compound from Traditional Chinese Medicines, as a potential drug for treating polycystic kidney disease. The study shows that triptolide causes cell growth arrest and reduces cyst formation in mouse models of the disease.
Researchers at Emory University have developed an algorithm that can predict which sensitized patients on the national waiting list for kidney transplants are compatible with a given donor. This new method, based on innovative technology, has increased transplant rates from 15% to 25% in highly sensitized patients.
A research team has identified a protective gene variant that may help prevent severe kidney failure in people with diabetes. The discovery could lead to novel treatment approaches for susceptible individuals, as well as a new marker for identifying those at increased risk of future kidney disease.
A new model could give an additional 10% of waiting list patients access to organs for transplant while reducing discarded kidneys from 11-15% to 3%. The system aims to achieve a better balance between efficiency and equity in kidney transplantation.
A new study by Michigan Medicine shows that 97% of children with pediatric renovascular hypertension respond positively to surgery, and 70% are cured completely. Surgery can help ease symptoms and improve quality of life for children with this rare but potentially fatal condition.
A protein called DLGH1 has been found to guide the orientation of smooth muscle cells surrounding the ureter, which pumps urine from the kidney to the bladder. The study suggests that dysfunction of this protein may increase the risk of kidney failure in humans.
A $1.7 billion North American study aims to answer whether reopening narrowed kidney arteries benefits patients. Researchers will compare medical management with medicines coupled with stents, stainless steel scaffolds inserted into blood vessels.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic isolated nanoparticles from human kidney stones in cell cultures, identifying proteins, RNA, and DNA linked to nanoparticles. The findings suggest that nanoparticles may play a role in the development of kidney stones.
The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions recommends assessing kidney function, ensuring patient hydration, and minimizing NSAID use to lower the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy. CIN is estimated to occur in 1-3% of individuals undergoing procedures with contrast dyes.
Researchers discovered a new gene in the gulf pipefish that codes for an astacin protein, previously associated with kidney and liver function. This protein may have evolved to support male pregnancy in this species, a mystery in evolutionary biology.
A study of over 2,000 kidney transplant patients in the Netherlands found that obese individuals were twice as likely to die within the first year or experience graft failure. This is attributed to a higher incidence of infections and fatal heart conditions among obese patients.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine shows that anti-thymocyte globulin reduces acute rejection incidence by 15.6% compared to basiliximab in high-risk kidney transplant patients. The treatment is expected to save millions of dollars in healthcare costs by preventing immune attacks and organ loss.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered an enzyme called ACE2 that may hold the potential to treat diabetic kidney disease. Studies suggest that increasing ACE2 levels in the kidneys could reverse or prevent kidney disease from developing.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that long-term use of topiramate can increase the propensity of calcium phosphate kidney stones due to metabolic acidosis and changes in urine pH and citrate levels. The study suggests a need for further research on optimal measures to prevent kidney-stone formation with topiramate use.
A new analysis of over 5 million hospital discharges found a significant increase in kidney damage after coronary artery bypass surgery, but a decrease in mortality rate. The study suggests that current prevention strategies may not be effective and more research is needed to identify susceptible patients and effective treatments.
St. Jude researchers discover that the Six2 gene prevents kidney stem cells from differentiating, maintaining a source of undifferentiated stem cells needed for kidney growth. The absence of Six2 leads to smaller, non-functional kidneys in developing mice.
A Hopkins study reveals that T lymphocytes, part of the immune system, play a dual role in organ damage after transplantation. While they produce toxic chemicals that contribute to IRI, they also appear to protect transplanted kidneys from damage. The findings could lead to new strategies for preventing or rapidly treating IRI.
The incidence of kidney cancer has risen over the past two decades, with small renal masses accounting for most cases. Despite increased surgeries, mortality rates have not decreased, suggesting that current treatments may not be effective for these slow-growing tumors.
A retrospective study by Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center suggests that radical nephrectomy is a significant risk factor for developing chronic kidney disease. Patients who underwent partial nephrectomy had a lower rate of chronic kidney disease and better kidney function after surgery.
Katie Lee Joel joins forces with experts to promote low-phosphorus cooking, sharing six new recipes to honor her grandfather's memory and help patients manage chronic kidney disease. The Kidney Friendly Comfort Foods program aims to show that kidney-friendly foods don't have to be boring.
A daily glass of orange juice can boost citrate levels in the urine and reduce crystallization of uric acid and calcium oxalate, two common ingredients in kidney stones. In contrast, lemonade did not increase citrate levels, suggesting that its constituents counteract the beneficial effects of high citrate content.
Researchers found that combined liver-kidney transplants improved patient survival rates compared to separate transplants. Patients who received dialysis for longer than two months before surgery also recovered better after the combined transplant.
A combined liver and kidney transplant has been shown to improve patient survival rates for those with dual organ disease, including hepatorenal syndrome. The study found that patients who underwent dialysis for longer than two months prior to surgery fared better after the combined transplant.
A new kidney test, cystatin C, has been found to accurately predict higher risk of chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and death among elderly people. The study, published in Annals of Internal Medicine, suggests that a normal creatinine level should not reassure patients of normal kidney function.
A genetic mutation in a kidney structure has been linked to protein leakage into the urine, leading to kidney failure. Researchers found that the glomerular basement membrane normally retains blood proteins, while another structure plays a role in regulating their concentration.
A national study of 304 physicians reveals primary care doctors often fail to diagnose and refer patients with chronic kidney disease, a condition affecting an estimated 10 million Americans. The study suggests that early detection and referral can slow the progression of kidney disease in high-risk patients.
Researchers at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia identified a second gene linked to Alagille syndrome, a genetic developmental disease affecting multiple organs. Mutations in the NOTCH2 gene were found to cause kidney abnormalities in patients and families.
A study compares kidney transplant outcomes in the US and Spain, finding similar one-year and five-year graft survival rates for heart-beating and non-heart-beating donors. Living kidney donors also experience higher blood pressure years after donation, highlighting implications for informed consent and follow-up care.
A 'domino' transplant program can effectively double the benefit of altruistically donated kidneys by serving multiple recipients, according to researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine. The domino-donation model has been shown to increase the likelihood of good outcomes for patients and prioritize those in greatest need.
A new strategy called domino paired donation can match kidneys from living non-directed donors to recipients who have a willing but incompatible donor. This approach has the potential to increase both quantitative and qualitative benefit of each LND donation, leading to more transplants accomplished.
Researchers will follow over 540 children with mild to moderate kidney disease for four years, collecting blood, urine, and genetic samples. The study seeks to refine an existing method to measure glomerular filtration rate (GFR), a precise indicator of kidney function.
The SYMPHONY study revealed that a CellCept-based drug combination, including low-dose tacrolimus and corticosteroids, significantly improved kidney function and reduced early rejection rates. This regimen is expected to prolong the life of both patients and their transplanted organs.
A study by the University of Alberta and other institutions found that living kidney donors incur various costs, including travel and accommodation expenses, lost income, and physical limitations after surgery. These costs can range from $837 to $28,900 per donor and may lead to financial burdens and disincentives for potential donors.
Researchers found that inhibiting the enzyme activity of HO-1, a protein thought to be protective, actually reduces kidney injury in sickle cell disease. A new compound, tin protoporphyrin, blocks HO-1 activity and protects SCD kidneys from damage.
Researchers found that using a suction device during minimally invasive angioplasty and stenting improves kidney function, reducing damage to the kidneys. The study suggests that this technique can lead to better outcomes and more effective treatments for patients with renal artery stenosis.
A University of Minnesota study found that exercise in a machine simulating gravity can reduce the risk of developing kidney stones in astronauts. Researchers used identical twins to test the effect of exercise on urinary calcium levels, and the results suggest a potential solution for preventing this painful condition.
Surgeons at UT Southwestern Medical Center have recorded some of the most successful patient outcomes nationally for patients with rare and complex type of kidney tumors. The five-year survival rate was among the highest, while one-year survival rate is 78 percent.
A study published in Pediatric Transplantation found that individuals with mental retardation have a 100% one-year survival rate and 90% three-year survivor rate after receiving kidney transplants. The research alleviates concerns about transplant success in this population, showing they are appropriate candidates for organ transplants.
Researchers discovered that an endogenous peptide called LL-37 plays a critical role in preventing urinary tract infections. Boosting LL-37 levels may provide a new way to prevent UTIs and offer a defense against the infection.
A European-funded project aims to create a predictive diagnostic test for early detection of kidney loss and target effective therapies. Researchers will utilize nanobead technology and multiplexing platform to identify biomarkers in diabetic urine, enabling early identification of patients at risk.
Researchers developed an MRI technique to measure cysts and kidneys in individuals with autosomal dominant PKD. The study found that both small and large cysts grew at steady rates, correlating with losses in kidney function.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center developed a new formula to predict blood needs in heart surgery, focusing on patient age, weight, and kidney function. The simplified scoring system identifies risk factors for transfusion, aiming to reduce hospital resources and staff time.
A new study finds that MRI cystography is an accurate and safe alternative to conventional X-ray cystography for diagnosing ureteral reflux. The researchers discovered that MRI can detect scarring of the kidneys and loss of kidney tissue, related to the extent of kidney damage from VUR, better than conventional X-ray cystography.
The study found that more than 60% of patients experienced a change in their treatment plan due to biopsy results, while as many as 75 unnecessary kidney removals were potentially avoided. The image-guided biopsy technique showed higher success rates compared to old techniques, allowing for better tissue sampling and accurate diagnosis.
Researchers discovered a single base pair change in the aquaporin-2 protein gene, leading to improper distribution and resulting in up to 30 times more urine being produced. This study provides new insights into congenital progressive hydronephrosis, a condition that can lead to kidney failure and death if left untreated.
A new study suggests that renal biopsy can help patients avoid kidney removal by identifying benign tumors that don't require surgery. The procedure is safe and effective, with only minor complications reported in the 407 biopsies performed.
Researchers found that freezing kidney tumors using percutaneous cryoablation destroyed 95% of tumors in short-term follow-up. The treatment is performed through small skin nicks and can be done under general anesthesia, offering a less invasive alternative to traditional surgery.
A new diagnostic test using NGAL protein has been shown to predict kidney transplant outcomes, with lower values indicating faster recovery and higher values indicating longer recovery periods. This breakthrough could lead to improved patient care and reduced risk of kidney failure.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center have discovered that bone marrow-derived stem cells can repair damaged kidney tissue in a mouse model of Alport syndrome, leading to improved kidney function and structure. The study offers a promising therapeutic opportunity for children and adults with the disease.
Researchers have identified two proteins, Bid and Bax, as major players in cell death during ischemic renal failure. The study aims to understand the process to manipulate it for better kidney treatment.
A study at Mayo Clinic found that patients treated with shock wave therapy for kidney stones were at higher risk of developing diabetes and hypertension, with risks nearly four times and one-and-a-half times respectively. The researchers believe the association may be due to damage inflicted on the pancreas or scarring in the kidneys.
Scientists used RNA interference to block a mineralocorticoid receptor, which signals the body to absorb sodium and water into the bloodstream. The treatment kept blood pressure from worsening but did not eliminate it, and significantly reduced kidney damage in rats.
Individuals with type 2 diabetes have a heightened risk of developing uric-acid stones, likely due to their highly acidic urine. The study suggests that factors associated with type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance account for the increased acidity.
A Wake Forest physician has successfully grown functional bladder organs in patients with congenital defects, showing improved bladder function and reduced kidney damage over time. The lab-grown bladders eliminated the need for surgical repair with intestine tissue, offering a potential solution to organ shortages.
Researchers at UCSB have discovered that rapamycin, a widely available immunosuppressant, can strongly reduce cyst growth in kidneys affected by polycystic kidney disease (PKD). The treatment was found to shrink cysts and retain kidney function in mice with PKD.
A study by Yale researchers found that a specific transporter gene, SLC26A6, helps prevent calcium oxalate kidney stones. The gene's normal functioning reduces dietary oxalate absorption and increases excretion, thus reducing the risk of kidney stone formation.
A new study suggests that double transplants using organs from children's kidneys or older adults' kidneys can achieve excellent patient survival and kidney function. The study used kidneys from donors aged 22 months and 65 years, with similar short-term outcomes to single transplants.
Researchers found a 12% reduction in hip fractures among women taking supplements, but only those who adhered to the full dosage saw benefits. Women over 50 should prioritize dietary sources of calcium and Vitamin D for bone health.
A majority of patients with small kidney tumors have their entire kidney removed, despite the availability of organ-sparing surgery. Studies show that partial nephrectomy is just as effective in controlling cancer while preserving long-term kidney function. However, its infrequent use may be due to surgeon expertise and hospital policies.
Researchers discovered that elastin fragments in mice lungs trigger emphysema. Additionally, a study found that pericyte dysfunction allows tumors to spread by forming leaky blood vessels. Another study identified female mice lacking IBP protein, which makes their T cells resistant to death and contributes to lupus-like disease.