Articles tagged with Messenger Rna
A study led by Jennifer Doudna and Eva Nogales used cryo-EM to create a 3D model of the eIF3 protein complex, showing its structural mechanics in loading human or viral RNA onto ribosomes. This understanding could lead to new therapies for viral infections.
ZBP1 guides actin messenger RNA to cell periphery and regulates translation into protein. The enzyme Src adds a phosphate group to ZBP1, unlocking the mRNA for translation into actin protein. This discovery could lead to new cancer therapies by targeting ZBP1 expression.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine discovered that RNA splicing occurs in nerve-cell dendrites, which could relate to memory and learning. The discovery may also help understand cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have identified a novel multi-protein complex called the Integrator that plays a central role in processing small nuclear RNAs. This complex, which consists of at least 12 subunits, appears to bind to both CTD and specific genes coding for snRNAs.
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory identified a messenger RNA molecule that switches from non-protein coding status to protein coding status in response to cellular stress. This 'cut and run' mechanism likely controls the expression of many genes, providing a rapid response to viral infection or other stresses.
Researchers found that a protein called CPSF73 is necessary for producing mRNA needed to create histone proteins, which combine with DNA to form chromosomes. This discovery provides a unified mechanism for synthesizing all messenger RNAs.
A new study finds that heme regulates ferritin gene expression, controlling both iron and antioxidant metabolism. This discovery could lead to treatments for various chronic illnesses.
Scientists have discovered that P-bodies play a crucial role in regulating the translation of mRNA molecules into proteins. The study found that P-bodies can store and recondition pre-used mRNA molecules, allowing cells to control protein production. This new understanding may provide insights into diseases like cancer.
The mouse genome is more complex than expected, with over 60% of mRNAs not encoding proteins. The discovery challenges the traditional view that genes contain specific protein blueprints.
A recent study published in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology has identified a key protein, Upf1, that regulates histone production during cell division. The research suggests that an imbalance in DNA and histone production is lethal for cells and may be crucial in understanding tumor growth.
Researchers found that the SXL protein blocks the synthesis of MSL-2 proteins in females by acting on two separate steps. This discovery reveals an entirely new mechanism for controlling protein dosages at the level of RNA, which could have implications for understanding diseases and animal development.
University of Utah researchers found that splicing, a process that codes for inflammatory protein Interleukin 1â (IL-1â), takes place in the cytoplasm of circulating platelets. This finding has potential implications for understanding gene expression and disease mechanisms.
North and South American researchers have identified unusual structural features in the ribosome of Trypanosoma cruzi, a parasite responsible for Chagas disease. The discovery may lead to the development of targeted therapies without harming infected organisms.
Researchers discovered distinctive patterns of microRNA activity in cancer cells that can be used to diagnose cancers and distinguish normal cells from those that are cancerous. The study also found that specific microRNAs can cause lymphomas in mice and cooperate with genes already known to cause human cancers.
The study reveals that antisense transcripts (SATs) are widely expressed in various mouse tissues and cell cultures, exhibiting tissue-specific expression patterns. SATs tend to be poly(A)-negative and enriched in the nucleus, suggesting a functional role in gene regulation.
A recent study published in the journal Cell has found that over 30% of human genes are controlled by RNA molecules, providing new insights into gene regulation. The researchers used computational methods to identify microRNAs that target specific genes, revealing a vast network of regulatory interactions.
A new study reveals that Argonaute2 is the key enzyme responsible for RNAi-mediated messenger RNA cleavage in mammals. The findings suggest that Argonaute2 provides the 'Slicer' activity necessary for siRNA-targeted mRNA cleavage.
Scientists visualize bacterial ribosome recycling factor (RRF) structure using three-dimensional cryo-electron microscope, shedding light on its role in protein synthesis. RRF is a promising target for designing new antibiotics as it differs between eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered a new biochemical mechanism that allows cells to quickly destroy messenger RNA molecules, regulating protein production. This discovery sheds light on the role of PMR1 enzyme in controlling mRNA degradation.
Scripps researchers successfully engineered E. coli to produce myoglobin proteins with 22 amino acids, including unnatural O-methyl-L-tyrosine and L-homoglutamine. This breakthrough demonstrates the genetic code can be expanded beyond 20 amino acids, opening doors for novel protein designs.
Researchers have discovered a shared gene regulation mechanism in all major plant groups, controlled by microRNAs, and this system has been conserved for 400 million years. This finding opens up new possibilities for understanding plant development and evolution.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) stability plays a crucial role in determining disease severity in nervous system mutations, according to researchers at Baylor College of Medicine. Aberrant mRNA forms are usually eliminated through nonsense-mediated decay, but some escape and lead to defective protein production.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have identified a novel enzyme that halts histone synthesis when no longer needed, preventing lethal cell damage. The discovery sheds light on the complex regulatory mechanisms governing histone mRNA expression.
Researchers have discovered that microRNAs play a crucial role in controlling plant growth and development by regulating cell division and leaf shape. The study found that a specific microRNA called "Jaw" targets messenger RNAs involved in preventing excessive cell division, leading to abnormal leaf shapes.
Researchers at TSRI introduce a revolutionary method to add unnatural amino acids to the genetic code of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. This allows for unprecedented control over protein structure and function, enabling new insights into biological processes and potential therapeutic applications.
Researchers have discovered that a small protein, SmpB, helps modify the structure of tmRNA to facilitate its role in repairing damaged mRNA. This process prevents the production of toxic proteins and ensures cellular survival. The study also reveals how a plant virus exploits this mechanism for its own replication.
A new tool called APRA allows for detailed analysis of mRNA molecules in intact cells, revealing key interactions with the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP). The study provides a potential approach to develop new treatments for Fragile X syndrome, a genetic disorder that affects mental development.
Researchers have devised a method to correct RNA splicing defects implicated in breast cancer and spinal muscular atrophy. The technique uses designer molecules that can be programmed to bind to specific pieces of RNA, correcting the splicing error and producing normal messenger RNA.
Researchers developed a non-invasive method to generate a genetic fingerprint of fertile men's sperm cells, identified around 3000 individual mRNAs, and suggest it could help diagnose idiopathic infertility and reveal paternal influences on fetal development.
Researchers developed a new technique to analyze RNA splicing in yeast, revealing the complex process of gene expression. By studying yeast genes with DNA microarrays, they gained insights into alternative splicing and its role in human diseases.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine have identified hundreds of new genes involved in multiple sclerosis (MS) progression. The study found genes expressed differently in acute and chronic attacks, including those associated with pregnancy and allergic responses, which could lead to new treatment strategies.
Scientists found that viruses causing diverse ailments like AIDS, common cold, and hepatitis share functional traits, linking large groups of viruses. These traits involve replication mechanisms and messenger RNA stages, suggesting a common ancestor among the viruses. The discovery bolsters prospects for broad-spectrum antiviral agents.
Researchers at Emory University Health Sciences Center have identified specific genes in the brain associated with Fragile X Syndrome, a genetic disorder causing mental retardation and related problems. The study used DNA microarray technology to discover 251 dysregulated mRNAs in cells from patients with fragile X syndrome.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have discovered a pattern to protein manufacture in the hippocampus, which may help explain how memories are stored. The study found that protein synthesis in dendrites is exponentially faster than in the cell body, with specific patterns emerging.
Researchers used DNA-coated microchips to discover that flavopiridol works by broadly inhibiting messenger RNA molecules, which are responsible for carrying genetic information to cellular protein factories. This inhibition ultimately leads to a halt in the production of certain proteins, allowing normal cellular processes to continue.
Researchers at UC Davis have found that genes in one part of a plant can override the genetic program in a distant part, changing how it grows. They also developed a new method to permanently bind radioactivity to antibodies to deliver cancer treatment.
Researchers obtained the most detailed images of the ribosome's factory, where amino acids are linked into proteins. The high-resolution structure reveals that the ribosome is a ribozyme, an RNA enzyme, and provides insights into its evolution and function.
Researchers used three-dimensional cryo-electron microscopy to visualize the ratcheting rotation of ribosomal subunits relative to each other. This motion facilitates translocation of mRNA and tRNA during protein synthesis.