A study of 53 IRB members found that while most prioritize the development of effective cancer therapies, individual approaches to weighing pros and cons vary widely. Only 12% use systematic risk-benefit calculations, with many relying on impression-based or practical considerations.
A new study found that risperidone, an antipsychotic agent, was effective in reducing irritability and behavioral problems in children with severe autism. The trial involved 101 children between ages 5 and 17, showing a significant positive response to treatment, with 69% experiencing marked improvement.
The Prodisc implant aims to alleviate lower back pain and maintain spine mobility by replacing damaged discs. Researchers will compare its safety and effectiveness to spinal fusion surgery in a randomized clinical trial.
Researchers found risperidone significantly more effective than placebo in improving behavior in children with autism, with 69% showing improvement compared to 12% on placebo. The medication was well-tolerated but associated with a substantial increase in body weight.
This month's TLN discusses the role of genetic risk factors in sleep disorders, including narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. The study highlights the importance of investigating the effects of mobile phone use on human populations to better understand the complex mechanisms regulating sleep.
A 22-year study found that early adolescence and peer influences are precursors to later drug use, which leads to increased health problems. Researchers tracked over 600 youths from age 1 to 27 and found that rebelliousness, distrust of authority, and risk-taking behavior were associated with later substance abuse.
Researchers used carbon-dating technology to confirm the authenticity of the Vinland Map, dating it to approximately 1434 A.D. The map, if authentic, is believed to be the first known cartographic representation of North America. Its date would establish the history of European knowledge of the lands bordering the western Atlantic Ocean.
Research reveals that participation in weight-dependent sports increases the risk of disordered eating behaviors in girls. Risk factors include depression, history of sexual abuse, or substance abuse, but low body weight is not a reliable indicator.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University are conducting a study on Mindfulness-Based Art Therapy (MBAT) to reduce psychological stress and medical symptoms in cancer patients. The therapy combines creative expression, meditation, and art-making to improve overall quality of life.
A new study suggests that cosmic rays could be the cause of global warming, proposing a height-dependent effect on cloudiness. The research proposes that increased cosmic ray intensity during periods of decreased solar wind may contribute to global cooling by stimulating the formation of dense clouds.
Researchers at Oregon State University found extremely low oxygen levels in the lower water column, leading to mass die-offs of rockfish, Dungeness crabs, sculpins, and other marine life. The unusual event is attributed to coastal upwelling and wind patterns, not human activities.
Researchers have identified a single genetic locus in the squash genus Cucurbita that controls phytolith production and plant defense. This discovery will help archaeologists determine whether ancient plants were domesticated or wild varieties by analyzing their phytolith content and cell configurations.
Researchers found physicians and patients were equally likely to use sun protection when going outside for an hour or more. However, the specific forms of sun protection used differed, with physicians using sunscreen more frequently but less often staying in the shade or wearing protective clothing.
As more older Americans outlive their driving privilege, they face unforeseen economic and social burdens. The study found that over 600,000 people age 70 or older stop driving each year and become dependent on others to meet their transportation needs.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered that carbon nanotubes can fluoresce in the near-infrared spectrum, which could lead to the development of inexpensive and simple diagnostic tests for diseases. This technology has the potential to target specific targets within the body, such as tumor cells or inflamed tissues.
Researchers have identified genetic markers that can predict which patients with schizophrenia will benefit from clozapine treatment. The study found that genetic variations in four key genes, including 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C, can successfully predict treatment outcome in approximately 77% of cases.
Researchers develop surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI) for identifying potential biomarkers of early stage breast cancer. The study achieved high sensitivity and specificity, suggesting SELDI may lead to the discovery of additional biomarkers.
The collaboration aims to improve genetics education in Singapore, utilizing expertise from the DNALC and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. The Ministry of Education will establish infrastructure, develop curricula, and provide teacher training, while the DNALC will share award-winning educational tools.
Researchers discovered that tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) can cross the blood-brain barrier and reduce apoptosis in mice with the HD gene, improving neurological cell function. The bile acid's anti-apoptotic qualities may also have potential for treating other chronic neurodegenerative conditions.
Researchers found that chemicals in detergents, plastics, and medicines can mimic natural estrogens, disrupting the sexual development of juvenile zebrafish. The study suggests that these compounds can affect not only the reproductive capacity but also sex ratios of fish populations.
Researchers at TSRI have developed a technique to selectively deliver adult stem cells into the eye, which can stimulate vessel growth and address inherited retinal degenerations. The cells can incorporate into the vasculature and make it normal, or be loaded with antiangiogenics to selectively wipe out the formation of new blood vessels.
Researchers found omapatrilat to be effective in treating heart failure, with some indications of superiority over standard ACE inhibitors. Patients with both hypertension and heart failure showed the greatest benefit from omapatrilat.
A rapid test developer suggests a PCR-based approach as an effective alternative to current methods for detecting group A streptococcus in throat swabs. The proposed test offers enhanced sensitivity and faster results compared to traditional antigen testing.
The Vinland Map's date has been determined to be around 1434, indicating a strong connection to the Catholic Church's Council of Basel. The parchment analysis provides new evidence supporting the map's authenticity and sheds light on European knowledge of North America during this period.
A novel immunoassay for FLC molecules has been developed and assessed for its sensitivity, latex-enhancement, and turbidimetric techniques. The new assay improves upon existing clinical laboratory tests for FLCs in identifying and monitoring patients with multiple myeloma and other diseases.
Dr. Scott, a Columbia University neurobiologist, has won a major career award from the Burroughs Wellcome Foundation for her research on the Drosophila gustatory system. The $500,000 award will support her work over five years, enabling her to investigate how the brain translates sensory stimuli into behavioral responses.
The American Association of Clinical Chemistry presents an update on HCV testing, highlighting the importance of laboratory tests for diagnosis and monitoring treatment efficacy. New testing methods, including core antigen and genotype testing, are being developed to assist clinicians in diagnosing HCV infection.
Researchers identified a novel gene, mammaglobin (MG), expressed only in breast cancer tissue. MG was found to be present in 81% of breast cancers and has potential applications for early detection and identification of metastases.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a novel molecular template that enables the creation of surfaces with varying particle concentrations. This innovation allows for the design of sensors, filters, and other devices that can be tailored for specific applications in electronics, chemistry, and life sciences.
The presentation highlights various sources of food poisoning, including animal, plant, and chemical contaminants, as well as common types such as bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. Early identification of these organisms is crucial for preventing severe illness or death.
A study published in BMC Public Health found a link between sewage sludge use and Staphylococcus aureus infections, affecting 25% of surveyed residents. The US EPA was criticized for not considering the combined risks of pathogens and chemicals in treated fields.
A new study finds that passive exposure to cigarette smoke increases the risk of cancer in cats by at least double, with effects similar to those seen in humans with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The research also suggests a link between household smokers and increased cancer risk in pets.
Scientists from Imperial College London and the University of Manchester have solved the structure of Beta-Crustacyanin, a protein that bends Astaxanthin's shape to create different colours. The discovery could lead to new uses of Astaxanthin as a drug-delivery mechanism and improve food colourants.
A study examines the potential of pharmacogenomic testing to help drug-treatment centers select suitable treatment regimens for opiate-addicted patients. The research investigates genetic polymorphisms affecting opioid metabolism, aiming to improve pain management and drug-abuse treatment.
Newborn diabetes screening benefits patients, medicine, and society by preventing complications, identifying at-risk individuals, and advancing research. Early detection enables targeted interventions to improve disease management, reduce hospitalizations, and lower medical costs.
A study of 660 participants aged 50 and older found that negative stereotypes about aging can decrease life expectancy, while positive self-perceptions can increase it. Positive attitudes towards aging are associated with a higher will to live and lower cardiovascular response to stress.
A genetic mutation in the NOG gene causes autosomal dominant stapes ankylosis, a rare hearing loss syndrome with similar symptoms to otosclerosis. The syndrome is characterized by skeletal abnormalities and may require different treatment options.
Researchers found that humming increased nitric oxide levels in the sinuses, boosting ventilation. Smoking by family members was linked to an increased likelihood of children being diagnosed with asthma before age 6. Obstructive sleep apnea was also associated with a significant increase in heart disease.
Researchers found that an antioxidant compound can protect islet cells from stress and death during transplantation, leading to improved transplant success rates. The antioxidants neutralized free radicals that contribute to inflammation and cell death, allowing more islet cells to survive and function properly.
A recent UGA study found that individuals with narcissistic tendencies often prioritize dominance over intimacy and may engage in 'game-playing love', leading to serious relationship problems. Despite initial charm, these partners frequently betray trust and exhibit manipulative behavior.
A new study reveals that six to 10 minutes of vigorous exercise per class can significantly improve adolescents' risk profiles, with drops in systolic and diastolic pressures. The study found that exercise-only groups had lower body fat and blood pressure than control groups.
Researchers at UC Riverside are studying the effects of fathers on their children's well-being, particularly during adolescence. The three-year study will examine cultural differences and explore how biological bonds influence the relationship between fathers and their teenage sons and daughters.
Researchers have sequenced the genome of Magnaporthe grisea, a fungus that causes rice blast, which destroys enough rice to feed 60 million people worldwide. The genomic structure is now available online, offering opportunities to dissect, understand and manage plant disease.
A UB researcher observed a significant correlation between air pollution and diabetes prevalence in the US, suggesting potential environmental toxins may contribute to the disease. The study found states with high TRI emissions had higher diabetes rates, while low-emission states had lower rates.
The study found that wine drinkers consumed less saturated fat, cholesterol, and smoked less than those who preferred other beverages or abstained. Women in the group also reported healthier dietary habits than men. The authors suggest further research on lifestyle differences between drinkers and non-drinkers.
Researchers discovered that fluctuations in solar wind magnetic energy density are more likely to occur in extreme events, similar to stock market indices. The solar wind's self-similar pattern at various time scales allows for the application of knowledge from one field to understand the other.
Researchers used non-traditional techniques to determine nanoscale structures, revealing cesium ions arranged in short-range order zigzag chains. This verifies CsxSi32O64 as a room-temperature stable inorganic electride with potential useful electronic properties.
Researchers will study 400 families from public schools in Phoenix and Southern California to examine the role of fathers in protecting their children from adolescence's perils. The study aims to identify culturally-universal concepts of fatherhood and its impact on child development.
Research suggests the Asian southwest monsoon is strengthening due to Northern Hemisphere warming, with potential implications for agriculture and population displacement. The study analyzed sediment cores from the Arabian Sea, finding increased wind speeds and a link to decreased Eurasian snow cover.
Researchers at Stockholm University found high levels of acrylamide in fried, oven-baked, and deep-fried potato products. Cooking at higher temperatures increases acrylamide formation, while boiling is considered the safest method.
A UK population study suggests a possible link between colorectal cancer and human growth hormone therapy, with treated patients at an increased risk of death from the disease. The study found significant risks of incidence and mortality associated with colorectal cancer in patients treated during childhood and early adulthood.
The Lancet has highlighted concerns over the slow response to humanitarian emergencies in Angola, with three million people in need of medical or nutritional assistance. Humanitarian organizations are working together to address the crisis, but resource and political constraints remain significant barriers.
Researchers propose that schizophrenia may be triggered by an interaction between genes and viruses in glial cells, which can disrupt brain cell connections. This new hypothesis combines previous theories on the disease's causes, offering a potential explanation for its development.
Adding crumb rubber to fresh concrete improves strength and durability, reducing thermal expansion, drying shrinkage, and brittleness. This technology can be used in sidewalks, parking lots, and concrete floors, potentially recycling millions of scrap tires annually.
Scientists have identified a gene involved in autoimmune disease using molecular techniques on mouse models. The research aims to develop more specific treatments by understanding the role of histamine receptors in autoimmune disease.
A new technique developed by WCS scientists allows for accurate population density estimation of jaguars in the wild. Using camera traps and unique spotting patterns, researchers can now focus conservation efforts on areas with highest cat densities.
The study found that 6 deaths resulted from brain injuries, while 8 players died from heatstroke in 1970. Dr. Frederick Mueller recommends practices with regular cooling-off breaks and pre-practice physical examinations to prevent such fatalities.
A study by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center researchers identifies the melanocortin system as a key player in regulating body weight. The discovery sheds light on how appetite suppressant drugs like fenfluramine work, offering new insights into the complex interactions between serotonin and melanocortin systems.
Comparing the pufferfish genome to the human genome revealed nearly 1,000 previously unidentified human genes, shedding light on gene regulation and function in the human body. The study highlights similarities and differences between vertebrates and finned fish, providing insights into the evolution of human biology.
A recent study found that prenatal zinc supplementation had no significant effect on the mental development of children. However, infants whose mothers received zinc supplements during pregnancy showed poorer nutritional status, which was strongly related to their development. The researchers emphasize the serious nature of undernutrit...