A study by the University of California - Davis Health has demonstrated a significantly improved survival rate for locally advanced lung cancer patients using a chemotherapy regimen that includes docetaxel. The study showed a five-year survival rate of 29 percent, surpassing previous results.
Scientists at the University of Thessaloniki, Bar-Ilan University, and Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen have quantified network vulnerability, finding that knowledge of top nodes can significantly reduce attack points. This research has implications for controlling contagious disease spread through social networks.
Researchers found that statin use was associated with significant reductions in the risk of both pancreatic and esophageal cancers. Statins were shown to reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer by 59% and esophageal cancer by 56%.
A new study maps global wind speeds to identify regions suitable for wind farms, finding consistent winds in the Great Lakes region and along coastal areas. The research suggests that harnessing a fraction of this energy could meet the world's electricity demands, but practical barriers remain.
A study found that inhibiting EGFR with gefitinib can reduce breast tumor size by 30-99% in some cases. Researchers are now designing studies to assess the potential of this approach as a neoadjuvant treatment for breast cancer.
A survey of 1908 participants with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in Europe and the US found that nearly half experience sleep problems, impacting work and personal lives. The study suggests that GERD symptoms can be related to other health conditions like depression and anxiety.
Researchers found that injecting a wart with a skin test antigen from mumps, Candida, or Trichophyton can clear the wart and other distant warts. Patients who responded to treatment were more likely to have an immune response to HPV, suggesting intralesional immunotherapy induces HPV-directed immunity.
Researchers explore new and existing obesity surgery options, including the use of endoscopic suturing kits to reduce stomach size and improve weight loss outcomes. The study found that vertical gastroplasty was the best bariatric operation for older patients, resulting in significant weight loss with minimal complications.
A randomized trial found that the ALL-2 regimen of cytarabine with high-dose mitoxantrone improved complete remission rates and survival outcomes for patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia. The regimen demonstrated a significant survival advantage, particularly in patients with the Philadelphia chromosome genetic predisposition.
Researchers found that ablation therapy extended median survival to 33 months compared to 20 months for chemotherapy-only treatment. The study also showed improved disease recurrence rates and overall 3-year survival rate of 51%.
A recent study has found Botox to be highly effective in treating severe drooling in children with neurologic conditions. The procedure was successful in approximately 70% of the tested patients, resulting in significant improvement without any serious side effects.
A landmark Phase III trial found that concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy followed by surgery significantly improves lung cancer patient survival. Five-year survival rates were 36% for patients with partial lung removal and 27% for those who underwent concurrent treatment.
A new study demonstrates high rates of tumor death in patients receiving a preoperative chemotherapy and radiation regimen, suggesting a promising approach for treating high-grade soft tissue sarcomas. The regimen has been associated with significant but manageable toxicity and modest wound complication rates.
The top chemical producers saw a significant increase in sales in 2004, with Dow Chemical leading the way at $40 billion. DuPont's sales remained relatively stable, while ExxonMobil Chemical experienced a notable jump of 38%.
Researchers have developed a new treatment called RADPLAT, which combines radiation and cisplatin delivered directly to the tumor via tiny catheters. This approach has shown encouraging results in patients with advanced stage IV-T4 disease, with high rates of local and regional tumor control and overall survival.
Researchers have identified a chaperone protein called HSP90 as the key player in green tea's protective effects against cancer. By understanding this mechanism, scientists hope to develop more potent anti-cancer compounds.
A new study from Ohio State University found that patients taking lisinopril were more likely to have their prescriptions refilled on time if the medication came in a blister package. The researchers also noted a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure among patients who received blister packages.
A study published in PNAS reveals a short protein, SDF-2, used by Dictyostelium to synchronize spore formation, similar to DBI found in human brains. The discovery confirms the organism's potential as an experimental system for studying cell communication.
Medical journals rely heavily on pharmaceutical funding, which can lead to biased research and favoritism towards company-funded trials. Experts like Richard Smith argue that this creates a cycle of dependency that compromises the credibility of journals.
A new analysis found that a non-drug device-guided slow breathing treatment reduced the white-coat effect by ~80% in patients, compared to ~40% for controls. The treatment was also effective across different patient groups, including pre-hypertensives and resistant hypertensive patients.
A survey of over 250 women found that prolonged labor can have a significant emotional impact on first-time mothers, with 60% reporting it will affect them for life. Despite this, many women remain calm and find the experience exciting, with 84% saying they were excited to give birth.
A prospective study of 846 patients with stage III colon cancer found that regular aspirin use reduced the risk of recurrence by 55% and mortality by 48%. COX-2 inhibitors showed similar benefits, with no effect seen from acetaminophen use.
A randomized head-to-head study demonstrates Aranesp dosed every two weeks is comparable to Epoetin alfa dosed weekly in terms of transfusion rates and hemoglobin achievement. The study involved over 1,200 patients with chemotherapy-induced anemia and found similar outcomes between the two treatment groups.
Researchers found a decreased risk of certain types of ovarian tumors with moderate recreational physical activity, but not others. Physical activity also regulates hormone and growth factor levels, reducing ovarian cancer risk by affecting obesity.
Research found that MRI was nearly twice as sensitive as X-ray mammography in detecting breast cancer in high-risk women. Combining both methods increased detection to 94%. Women with the BRCA1 gene mutation saw a significant boost in tumor detection, making MRI an effective screening tool.
A study found that approximately 30,000 US children have short stature due to non-growth hormone deficiency Primary IGF-1 deficiency. This suggests one-third to half of idiopathic short stature cases can be re-classified as Primary IGFD.
Researchers found that transplanting pig pancreatic primordia into diabetic rats at precisely 28 days after fertilization cures their diabetes. Transplantation at this stage made the tissues invisible to the rat's immune system, leading to permanent cure without immune suppression.
A math study examines the degree of partisanship among House committees and finds that the Homeland Security Committee has strong ties to the Rules Committee. The research also reveals the Judiciary Committee as one of the most partisan groups, with weak connections to other committees.
Researchers have created a mouse model that develops a human-like lymphoma, allowing for testing of new therapies and expansion of cancer research. The study's findings confirm that the BCL6 gene plays a key role in tumor development.
Researchers have found that an experimental drug can effectively prevent much of the brain damage caused by traumatic injury. In a study using rat models, the drug was shown to reduce brain damage and improve cognitive and motor function. The breakthrough could potentially lead to new treatments for human traumatic brain injuries.
Researchers found that blocking the Odc gene with the drug DFMO prevents cancer development in laboratory models, including lymphoma. The study suggests that a similar approach might prevent or slow cancer development in other types of cancer.
A retrospective study found that patients taking SSRIs were at a similar risk of GI bleeding as those taking NSAIDs. The study suggests that physicians should closely monitor for this serious adverse event, especially in patients taking both SSRIs and NSAIDs.
A study at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting found that a targeted cancer drug combined with low-dose chemotherapy shrinks ovarian cancer tumors in nearly half of patients. The treatment also slows disease progression and achieves stable disease in 59% of patients.
A meta-analysis of 35 studies found CT colonography to have a high sensitivity and specificity for detecting polyps and colorectal cancer, making it a promising alternative for screening. The study's findings suggest that CT colonography could increase patient compliance and improve early detection rates.
A new electronic exhibit developed by Andrea Walker and Vesna Kriss aims to help radiologists confidently diagnose child abuse using imaging techniques. The exhibit highlights red flags such as fractures in different stages of healing, posterior rib fractures, and long bone fractures in children who are not walking.
A Mayo Clinic-led study has found a genetic biomarker that can predict which patients are most likely to experience unwanted side effects from oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy regimens. This biomarker could enable early identification and alternative treatments for patients at risk of nerve damage.
Researchers found that public opposition to offshore wind projects is driven by concerns about the ocean's aesthetic value and emotional connection. The study suggests that a better understanding of these values can inform a more effective policy framework for offshore wind development.
A study published in Journal of Research on Adolescence found that minority youth self-esteem increases with age, driven by family support and positive school climate. Ethnic differences were also observed, highlighting individual variations in adolescent development.
Researchers found that using limited amounts of chemotherapy improved outcomes in 86.4% of patients and overall survival rates of 95.9%. Factors such as bone marrow count and extra chromosomes were key predictors of response to less intensive treatment.
Researchers at Université de Montréal found that chronic exposure to both noise and carbon monoxide in the workplace significantly contributes to increased hearing thresholds at high frequencies. Workers with 25-29 years of noise exposure were particularly affected.
A study by Columbia University found a potential link between maternal toxoplasmosis gondii infection and an increased risk of schizophrenia in adult offspring, particularly those with high antibody titers. The researchers suggest that inflammation may be the underlying mechanism behind this association.
Researchers have identified MMP-7 as a key player in prostate cancer-driven bone destruction, revealing a potential therapeutic target for controlling cancer-induced bone loss. The study's findings suggest that MMP inhibitors may be effective in interrupting osteolysis and promoting bone growth.
A study of 132 adolescent patients found that isotretinoin treatment did not lead to an increase in depressive symptoms. In fact, treatment of acne was shown to improve depressive symptoms. The researchers emphasize the importance of recognizing depressive symptoms in patients with acne.
Excess body fat accelerates diabetes onset by activating the GPR40 receptor, which causes insulin production to increase. The receptor's excessive activation can lead to beta cell exhaustion and the onset of full-blown diabetes.
A mouse model study reveals B cell activation is essential for early epithelial neoplastic development. Transfer of B cells restores chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis mechanisms, supporting the interaction between adaptive and innate immune systems in cancer development.
A survey of 1,800 parents found that most prefer a combination of restrictive and instructive strategies to monitor their children's media usage. The study also revealed that parental concerns about media use's negative effects are linked to increased limiting or discussing content with kids.
Studies evaluate wireless capsule endoscopy, barium contrast series, and endoscopic gastric plication for small bowel surveillance and GERD treatment. These procedures show varying degrees of success in detecting polyps and reducing symptoms.
A study of adolescent patients in private, managed-care chemical-dependency treatment found that those receiving needed psychiatric services were more likely to be abstinent from alcohol and drugs. The results highlight the importance of providing psychiatric assessment and treatment in CD programs.
A recent study published by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that moderate alcohol consumption may elevate the risk of breast cancer in some postmenopausal women. The researchers analyzed data from over 122,000 registered nurses and discovered a higher incidence of breast cancer among those who consumed small amounts of alcohol daily.
A study found that trampoline injuries among children increased significantly between 1990 and 2002, with 91% of injuries occurring at home. The incidence of severe injuries requiring hospitalization also rose dramatically during this period.
Researchers found no improvement in hot flash symptoms when women took black cohosh compared to placebo. In contrast, a progestational agent reduced hot flashes by up to 90% and improved sleep quality, with benefits lasting at least six months.
The Mayo Clinic study found that DNA from group A beta-hemolytic streptococci is concentrated in the tonsil tissue and cannot be detected towards the front of the mouth. The researchers hope to develop a more child- and adult-friendly test for diagnosing strep throat.
Researchers found that disabling Foxo3a gene prevents the development of arthritis-like disorder by inducing neutrophil apoptosis. This discovery may lead to new treatment options for immune dysfunction-related arthritic conditions.
Researchers have developed serum proteomic fingerprints for diagnosing gastric cancer, achieving an accuracy rate of 73% in detecting the disease. Additionally, confocal endomicroscopy has been found to be more effective in monitoring ulcerative colitis and detecting precancerous lesions, potentially saving lives.
A study published in Nature Neuroscience found changes in GABAA receptors linked to seizures and anxiety during the menstrual cycle. The researchers suggest that these changes may be relevant to post-partum depression and mood swings during pregnancy, and could provide novel therapeutic targets for PMS and catamenial epilepsy.
A study using computed tomography found that women's brains atrophy faster and show greater brain damage from chronic drinking than men's. Women start to drink later but develop dependence earlier and experience more severe consequences.
Researchers found prostate cancer in 45% of high-risk men, including those with low PSA levels. The study's findings challenge traditional screening guidelines and suggest more aggressive screening for these individuals.
A new blood test, EPCA, has been shown to be highly sensitive and specific in detecting prostate cancer. The test was found to have an accuracy rate of 94% and has the potential to reduce unnecessary biopsies and undetected tumors.
A recent Mount Sinai study found that Hispanic patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer have a significantly lower five-year survival rate of 54% compared to white patients at 62%. This disparity is largely attributed to unequal access to surgical resection, as well as higher rates of advanced-stage diagnosis.
Alcohol consumption and cigarette smoke both impair lung defenses against Streptococcus pneumoniae, a bacterium that causes pneumonia and other infections. Researchers exposed rats to smoke and varying levels of alcohol, then infected them with S. pneumoniae, finding that the combination increased bacterial penetration into the lungs.