Scientists found that vents on Enceladus channel water vapor from a warm, probably liquid source to the surface at supersonic speeds. This supports a theory that tidal heating causes geysers and provides implications for life in the solar system.
Retinal detachment is a condition that affects about 10,000 Americans each year, putting vision loss or blindness at risk. NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell ophthalmologist Dr. Donald J. D'Amico highlights advanced surgical techniques that offer high probabilities of reattachment and visual improvement.
A study found that media coverage of clinical trials rarely provides readers with the necessary information to make informed decisions. The researchers compared pharmaceutical and herbal remedy trials and found that stories underreported risk and lacked disclosure of trial funding and scientists' conflicts of interest.
Scientists have discovered that DNA damage can lead to a decrease in gene regulation, contributing to aging. A specific sirtuin protein helps regulate gene expression and maintain DNA repair, but its dysfunction can result in chronic gene activation and aging phenotypes.
A new study from Texas Christian and Louisiana State universities finds that shrimp trawling operations in the Gulf of Mexico are linked to higher levels of toxic mercury in juvenile red snappers. The research demonstrates a clear relationship between mercury concentrations and coastal areas where commercial shrimp trawling occurs.
The Infant Brain Imaging Study (IBIS) is expanding its research on infant brain development and autism symptoms. The study aims to identify changes in brain structure and behavior that may indicate the onset of autistic symptoms, with potential benefits including early screening measures and treatments.
Researchers at Columbia University discovered that gut serotonin plays a crucial role in bone formation, challenging the long-held belief that the skeleton controls bone growth. The study found that inhibiting serotonin release can increase bone mass and potentially treat osteoporosis.
Researchers discovered a molecule called NAPE that signals the brain when the stomach is full, reducing hunger. In studies with mice and rats, NAPE treatment led to significant weight loss and reduced appetite, suggesting potential for new obesity treatments.
A team of scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered that the protein Scribble regulates breast cancer by controlling cell polarity. In normal cells, Scribble allows duct-like structures to form and resist cancer formation.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a new polymer that significantly improves sunlight absorption and conversion capabilities in solar cells. The silole-containing polymer can also be crystalline, making it suitable for high-efficiency solar cells, with the goal of reaching 10% efficiency.
New research by UCLA geochemists suggests that plate tectonics began more than 4 billion years ago, with ancient mineral grains indicating low heat flow and water presence on Earth during its first 500 million years.
Two new papers by University of Notre Dame biologist Michael Ferdig suggest that genomics and bioinformatics may hold the key to combating malaria. The research reveals previously unrecognized transcriptional complexity in Plasmodium falciparum, a key driver of drug resistance.
A Penn State study found that obese rats are less sensitive to sweet tastes and prefer sweeter foods due to a weakened response to weak concentrations, leading to a vicious circle of overeating and sugar cravings. The research suggests that the brain's reward center is affected by the increased consumption of sugary foods.
Scientists have found evidence that turtle shells are bony extensions of their backbones and ribs. The oldest known turtle fossil, Odontochelys semitestacea, has a partial shell extending from its backbone and widening of ribs, suggesting it was a water dweller.
Research from the University of Leicester reveals that nitric oxide can alter brain function, impacting neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. The finding suggests a potential new approach for treating these conditions and gaining a deeper understanding of brain function.
Researchers at the Rong Li Lab discovered that yeast cells can adapt to disruptions in cell division machinery by increasing their chromosome number and modifying gene expression patterns. This ability may contribute to cancer cell evasiveness and could be used to predict evolutionary paths and outcomes.
A University of Alberta study shows that rethinking jobs can significantly boost morale, job retention, and productivity. The 'Spirit at Work' intervention program reduced absenteeism and turnover rates among long-term health-care workers.
New research confirms that 64-CT scans can accurately diagnose coronary artery blockages, rivaling invasive cardiac catheterization. The technology also has the potential to reduce cardiac catheterizations and serve as an alternative to cardiac stress testing.
A research team at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has discovered a key molecular partnership that coordinates body rhythms and metabolism, leading to leaner mice and improved insulin sensitivity. The study suggests that disrupting this partnership could be a valuable new weapon in the fight against obesity and diabetes.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that children with misaligned eyes are at a significantly increased risk of developing mental illness by early adulthood. Children with exotropia (eyes that diverge outward) were three times more likely to develop psychiatric disorders than those with normal eye alignment.
Researchers have discovered a possible therapy for mucolipidosis type IV (ML4), a disease causing nerve cell death and progressive motor function loss in children. Introducing normal blood cells into genetically modified fruit flies with ML4 symptoms delayed cell death, suggesting bone marrow transplantation as a treatment option.
A study published in Atherosclerosis reveals that binge drinking causes an irregular pattern of heavy drinking to clog blood vessels, leading to a two-fold increase in fatal heart attack risk. Acetaldehyde levels found in the blood after binge drinking increase monocyte adhesion to blood vessel walls.
A new study published in The Lancet shows that there is no definitive difference in outcomes between using general or local anaesthetic for carotid surgery. The randomised controlled trial analysed over 3,500 patients and found similar incidence rates of stroke, heart attack, and death in both groups.
Researchers at Yale University have demonstrated a marriage of nanophotonics and nanomechanics, enabling extreme miniaturization of optics and mechanics on silicon chips. The photon force is strong enough to operate nanoscale machinery, paving the way for ultra-high speed and low power telecommunications.
A new study by Stanford University researchers found that nifedipine, a muscle relaxant, has no effect on prolonging pregnancy after preterm labor is halted. The study suggests that prolonged treatment with nifedipine does not appear to be an answer in preventing premature birth.
Researchers at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine discovered a link between chronic pain and brain rewiring in complex region pain syndrome (CRPS). The study found changes in the brain's white matter, which dispatch messages between neurons, contributing to the condition.
A new study reveals childhood constipation can lead to serious health issues, pain, and low self-esteem, with treatment costs equivalent to those of asthma or ADHD. Simple changes in diet and behavior, such as regular bowel movements and high-fiber foods, can help prevent or correct constipation.
New research on Galapagos land iguanas reveals reduced genetic diversity in some populations, putting them at risk from future environmental changes. The study's findings highlight the need for effective management and conservation strategies to ensure the long-term survival of these unique reptiles.
Professor Chandramouli's paper, titled A game theoretic framework for distributed self-coexistence among IEEE 802.22 networks, is one of 11 papers selected to receive a GLOBECOM '08 Best Paper Award. The award recognizes the author's work on cognitive radio based IEEE 802.22 wireless regional area network (WRAN) that operates in under-...
A three-year study found that vitamin K supplementation improved insulin resistance in elderly men, while worsening it in women and those not given supplements. Vitamin K may help regulate glucose metabolism by storing in fat tissue.
Researchers at Brandeis University have discovered a specific set of wake-promoting neurons in fruit flies that are analogous to cells in the human sleep circuit. The study found that these neurons play a crucial role in regulating sleep-wake cycles and that targeting them could lead to the development of more effective sleep treatments.
A study comparing two immunosuppression tapering approaches for kidney transplant recipients with BKVAN found that reducing immunosuppressive therapy can lower the risk of graft loss. Early withdrawal of immunosuppressive drugs within one month after diagnosis reduced graft loss by two-thirds.
The SIM-sponsored survey found that businesses are using IT to reduce costs and increase productivity, with CIOs spending most of their time on non-technical issues. Organizations with higher IT business alignment maturity scores tend to have better overall company performance.
Researchers have identified a previously unknown mechanism that processes non-coding RNA molecules into smaller pieces, including a new class of small RNAs called mascRNA. This discovery suggests that the vast majority of human DNA may not be genetic junk, but instead performs various kinds of work in cells.
A noninvasive test analyzing proteins in urine can identify failing transplanted kidneys, allowing for more accurate monitoring and treatment of transplant patients. The study found that the test correctly identified patients with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy and chronic antibody-mediated rejection.
Scientists investigate Tamiflu's environmental fate and its impact on the development of resistant influenza viruses in Japan, a major consumer of the drug. The research aims to understand potential threats to global defenses against future pandemics.
Researchers discovered that serious gram-negative bacterial infections increase by up to 46% in summer compared to winter. The study found that Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are the most affected bacteria.
Researchers at Yale University have identified a naturally occurring molecule called NAPEs that can help regulate appetite and reduce food intake in rats and mice. The study found that NAPEs injections led to weight loss and reduced activity of hunger neurons in the brain.
A recent study published in Diabetes Care highlights the significant barriers faced by type 1 diabetics when it comes to engaging in physical activity. The researchers found that those with a greater fear of hypoglycemia were also more likely to have poorer diabetes control, emphasizing the need for targeted education and support.
A recent study published in Arthritis Research & Therapy found that more effective use of existing arthritis treatments is crucial for achieving better patient outcomes. The research, led by Isidoro González-Alvaro, suggests that disease activity and disability have improved independently of new therapies.