The institution has received a total of $122M in NIH grants last year, with this latest award bringing the total to over $150M. The funding supports research in various fields including HIV/AIDS, cancer, immunology, and Alzheimer's disease.
A team from Florida State University is studying patterns of collaboration in diverse, virtual teams using the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory as a case study. The goal is to create a model for efficient, interdisciplinary virtual teams that can turn short-term collaborations into long-term partnerships.
Researchers controlled cell orientation on a micropatterned surface based on a delicate material technique. The study used photolithography to generate a surface with cell-adhesive stripes in an adhesion-resistant background, allowing for semi-quantitative description of cell orientation.
Vision scientists at Washington University School of Medicine identified a process that allows the human eye to adapt to darkness quickly, also enabling it to function in bright light. This discovery may contribute to better understanding of age-related macular degeneration and potential treatments.
Researchers found that parents favor names gaining popularity relative to those falling out of favor, creating a self-fulfilling prophecy. The study analyzed historical data on baby name frequencies over 127 years, revealing a shift towards consistent momentum in name popularity.
Tropical Storm Nepartak is transitioning into an extra-tropical storm, developing frontal qualities in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The storm's circulation will soon fade as it continues to speed northeast, with dry air in the mid-levels of the atmosphere contributing to its transformation.
The UCLA School of Public Health has received a grant to establish a center focused on strengthening public health agency preparedness for natural and human-induced disasters. The new center will explore interorganizational cooperation, community-based partnerships, and environmental health emergency resilience.
Researchers found that chocolate and water can blunt a rat's response to heat by blinding the brainstem's activation during consumption, suggesting it may aid animals and help modern humans avoid overeating
A new study published in Economic Inquiry explores how potential losers can use small concessions to successfully appease expected winners, but only under specific conditions. The researchers found that appeasement can be a good plan when choice is possible, and trade should be chosen over conflict.
A study in the Journal of Consumer Research found that consumers respond best to vacation ads that match their current emotions, whether it's excitement or relaxation. The researchers suggest that marketers can facilitate a positive impression by displaying products in contexts where pre-existing feelings align with the product's claims.
Researchers in the Baltimore Ecosystem Study found that urban grasslands retain a significant amount of nitrogen, with losses typically less than 40% of applied fertilizer. This surprising result suggests that these ecosystems have considerable capacity for nutrient retention, contrary to concerns about environmental impacts.
A recent study has shown that conservation targets are often too small to prevent extinction due to global climate change and habitat loss. Populations of endangered species require at least 5000 mature individuals to persist, highlighting the need for more effective conservation management.
New research from the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Southern California found a direct link between supervisors' self-perceived incompetence and aggression. The study challenges previous assumptions that abusive bosses are solely driven by ambition.
Researchers will catalog digitized images and artifacts, building tools for online searches of ancient Cyprian artifacts. The project aims to preserve artistic and cultural heritage in Cyprus, with potential benefits for other ancient cultures.
A new study suggests that invasive procedures may not be necessary for all patients with narrowed arteries in and around the kidneys. The researchers found that only a small percentage of cases progress to a dangerous blockage, and progression does not always predict severe kidney function decline.
The University of North Carolina has secured a five-year, $6.2 million renewal grant to continue its work in the National Institutes of Health's Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network. This funding will enable the discovery of rare disease-causing gene mutations and define early adverse clinical events in infant and childhood studies.
Researchers found that online communities facilitate learning by transforming individual experiences into usable knowledge, enabling individuals to become empowered patients who make informed decisions about their health. However, the value of these communities depends on how individuals choose to act on the information they receive.
Researchers found that macaque monkeys react with revulsion when viewing nearly human-like images, supporting theories of an evolutionary basis for the uncanny valley. The study indicates that the brain mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are likely biological adaptations.
A study published in BJS found that inexpensive dressings are just as effective as expensive silver dressings in treating venous leg ulcers. The study showed no significant differences in healing rates and quality of life between the two groups.
A feasibility study on new carbon capture and storage technology has been funded for the $140 billion pulp, paper and paperboard industry. The study aims to assess the potential for safely storing CO2 in deep underground basalt formations.
A study found that breast-conserving surgery was offered to the majority of patients, with surgeons' recommendations and patient preferences playing key roles. The study suggests that increased patient involvement in breast surgery decisions is associated with greater probability of mastectomy.
A team of international molecular scientists has discovered a fast mechanism by which cells communicate changes, such as location during cancer spread, to adjacent cells. This discovery sheds light on cell behavior and could lead to the development of new drugs for diseases like cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease.
Mathy Mezey, a renowned gerontological nurse researcher, received the 2009 Doris Schwartz Gerontological Nursing Research Award from the Gerontological Society of America. She is recognized for her sustained efforts in developing geriatric competencies and educational tools.
A national study found that retirees who continue to work in a bridge job experience fewer major diseases and functional limitations than those who fully retire. People whose post-retirement jobs are related to their previous careers report better mental health.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have discovered compounds that interact with Nef protein, which plays an essential role in AIDS progression. These compounds also inhibit HIV replication and may slow disease progression.
A study published in JAMA found that attending physicians working nighttime hours did not have a significantly increased rate of complications for procedures performed the next day. However, having less than six hours of sleep opportunity between procedures was associated with an increased rate of surgical complications.
Sue Goldie and Ichiro Kawachi, two Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health faculty members, have been elected to the Institute of Medicine. Their work focuses on developing models that link disease biology to population outcomes, with a focus on women's health and social determinants of health.
An international research team has discovered a common genetic program for programmed cell death in plants and animals, which is evolutionarily related and functions similarly. This finding highlights the importance of comparative studies across different species to understand fundamental cellular mechanisms.
Dr. Daniel K. Podolsky, UT Southwestern president, has been elected to the Institute of Medicine for his scientific and medical achievements. He joins 19 current UT Southwestern faculty members as a national member.
Researchers at Stony Brook University found that rip currents at East Hampton Village Beach lasted on average a little over one minute, posing a risk to swimmers. The study's findings suggest that seismometers can be used to measure wave patterns that may lead to rip currents.
A new study from McMaster University found that young adults are more likely to donate blood, but this trend may not sustain due to aging population. The study suggests targeting campaigns to encourage more Canadians to consider blood donation.
A recent study by Ohio State University found that microchipped animals were reunited with their owners in almost three out of four cases. The return-to-owner rate for cats was 20 times higher and for dogs 2 1/2 times higher than for all stray cats and dogs, highlighting the effectiveness of microchip technology in pet reunification.
Eric A. Coleman has been awarded the 2009 Maxwell A. Pollack Award for his work on enhancing patient care transitions and promoting safe and effective care across acute and post-acute settings.
Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina pioneer bilateral epidural prefrontal cortical stimulation, providing significant improvement in depressive symptoms. Five patients showed average improvement of 54.9% after seven months, including three who reached remission.
Tropical Storm Patricia is expected to produce total rainfall accumulations of 1 to 3 inches across the extreme southern portion of Baja California. The storm's track brings it closer to Southern Baja California, with a closest approach between 8 p.m. PDT tonight and 8 a.m. PDT Wednesday morning.
A study by Professor Diego Becerril Ruiz found that 79% of Spanish people think divorce is the best solution when a couple can't solve marital problems. The country ranks second in social acceptation of divorce, after Brazil, and shows an increase in divorce acceptance since the 1990s.
Researchers at Kansas State University have created 'gold snowflakes' on graphene, improving its electrical properties. These nanostars can be used to functionalize DNA and enhance sensitivity. The discovery shows promise for biological devices and electronics.
Researchers found that older adults are more willing than younger ones to have a robot perform critical monitoring tasks with minimal interaction. Robots can perform routine tasks like cleaning, but most respondents preferred non-interactive tasks. The study challenges the stereotype that older adults are less accepting of new technology.
A team of scientists at UCR has developed a high-density consensus genetic map of cowpea, accelerating conventional breeding and facilitating the production of new varieties. The map enables breeders to locate valuable genes and incorporate them into new varieties more efficiently.
Canadian engineers warn that current safety equipment may not be sufficient to protect workers from nanoprotection risks. The growing field of nanotechnology manufacture poses unknown hazards, and urgent research is needed to develop appropriate protective measures.
A study of nearly 2,000 women with breast cancer found that 75.4% received breast-conserving surgery as initial therapy, while 23% underwent mastectomy. The results suggest that most surgeons recommend local therapy options and that patient preferences play a role in shaping treatment choices.
A study found that overweight women's self-esteem decreases when exposed to thin models, while underweight women's esteem increases regardless of model size. Comparably, overweight and underweight women showed similar levels of self-esteem when not looking at models.
Research papers published in Geophysical Research Letters highlight a surge in Arctic ozone-destroying gas levels and the discovery of lunar subsurface features. Climate models are also being revised to account for ozone variations, improving our understanding of atmospheric interactions.
A Stanford University researcher has pinpointed the mechanism by which a gene associated with both autism and schizophrenia influences behavior in mice. The study identified behavioral changes in the mice similar to some symptoms of autism and schizophrenia, highlighting the complexities of cognitive disorders.
A newly discovered spider species, Bagheera kiplingi, has been found to feed predominantly on plant food, defying the traditional predator-prey paradigm. The research revealed that this Central American jumping spider exploits a co-evolutionary mutualism between ants and acacia shrubs, allowing it to thrive in a unique ecological niche.
A new report shows that doctors in Australia and New Zealand used ECMO to treat critically ill patients with H1N1, saving 54 out of 68 patients' lives. The study found that prolonged life support treatment was effective in severe cases, and survival rates were high despite the severity of symptoms.
A new study reveals that inhibiting autophagy in mice leads to an increase in brown fat cells and a reduction in body mass. The researchers conclude that autophagy has a crucial role in regulating the formation of distinct fat cell types, providing a potential avenue for treating obesity.
Researchers found that high Treg levels protect against severe West Nile virus disease in humans and mice. Tregs suppress the function of other immune cells, preventing lethal infection.
A study published in PLoS ONE identifies the genetic mechanisms behind L-form bacteria formation and survival. Researchers found that three groups of mutants with varying degrees of defect in L-form growth were linked to pathways related to cell envelope stress, DNA repair, iron regulation, and outer membrane biogenesis.
Kaiser Permanente and UCSF to conduct genome-wide analysis of DNA from 100,000 Kaiser members, linking genetic info to decades of health data. The resource will facilitate studies on gene-environment interaction and aging.
A recent UCLA study found that women developing new-onset breast tenderness after starting estrogen plus progestin hormone replacement therapy are at a significantly higher risk of developing breast cancer. The research analyzed data from over 16,000 participants in the Women's Health Initiative clinical trial.
The discovery of Titanoboa, the largest snake to have ever existed, reveals that Neotropical rainforests flourished during warm periods, with temperatures up to 3-5°C warmer than today. The fossil rainforest's plant diversity was lower than expected, suggesting it may have been recovering from mass extinctions.
The new guidelines from the American Academy of Neurology identify riluzole as a treatment that can slow disease progression in ALS patients. Using an assisted-breathing device is also expected to increase life expectancy and quality of life for these patients.
A study in South Africa found that medical documentation of injuries is associated with higher conviction rates in adult rape cases, while DNA evidence has limited impact. The research highlights the importance of basic forensic medical practices in assisting courts in rape cases.
A new study from the University of Gothenburg found that supervised strength training improves athletic performance by 50% compared to unsupervised exercises. The research also showed a significant reduction in injuries among athletes receiving personalized, supervised training programs.
Researchers will develop a system for conducting climate-impact assessments for international market systems, focusing on the tart-cherry industry. The study aims to provide detailed information for industry stakeholders to plan for future investments.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have identified a protein called MUC1 as an important part of the body's defense against Helicobacter pylori. Genetic variations in MUC1 molecules may contribute to why some people are more ill than others with stomach ulcers and stomach cancer.
New guidelines for treating Lou Gehrig's disease recommend the use of riluzole, assisted-breathing devices and PEG feeding tubes to increase longevity and quality of life. Dr. John England and his team analyzed research findings to provide specific, evidence-based recommendations for ALS care.
A Tel Aviv University drug based on an older generation antibiotic shows promise in treating colon cancer by suppressing polyp growth and repairing genes. Preclinical studies have shown a 80% reduction in polyp size and a 30% increase in mouse lifespan.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered tiny strands of RNA, previously considered 'junk,' that are actually very stable molecules with potential roles in cellular processes. The findings could lead to new types of biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, as well as new therapeutic targets.