Researchers used a rare brain procedure to document how the human brain computes grammar and produces words. The study found that distinct linguistic processes are computed within small regions of Broca's area, separated in time and partially overlapping in space.
A new study released in PLoS ONE explores the cumulative impacts of energy development on species in the West, with potential consequences for sage-grouse populations. The research highlights the need for scientifically credible conservation planning tools to balance natural resource development with wildlife conservation.
A $4 million NCI grant will fund comparative effectiveness research on cancer at the Southwest Oncology Group. The Center for Comparative Effectiveness Research in Cancer Genomics will evaluate emerging genomics technologies to identify promising treatments.
An interdisciplinary team at City College of New York investigates the impact of virtual organizations on scientific knowledge production and innovation. They aim to identify conditions that enable virtual collaborations to enhance scientific output.
Amy Wetherby's research aims to detect autism in children as young as 18 months using a screening tool and culturally sensitive methods. The NIH grants will fund studies of 600 children across different cultures to improve early diagnosis and access to intervention.
African biosafety regulators will receive science-based information on biotechnology, protecting farmers, consumers, and the environment. The initiative aims to reduce poverty through improved agricultural practices.
A study by University of Rochester Medical Center evaluates the cost effectiveness of an experimental blood pressure device called Rheos. The research suggests that Rheos can be a cost-effective treatment for individuals with drug-resistant hypertension, especially those with extremely high blood pressure or diabetes.
Research reveals that up to a quarter of testicular cancer survivors experience long-term neurological, hearing, and circulation problems, as well as a higher risk of secondary cancers. However, many survivors can successfully father children after treatment, with up to 80% successful pregnancies.
A decade-long effort by international partners has resulted in the collection and freezing of thousands of seeds from nearly 25,000 native plant species. The Millennium Seed Bank project aims to conserve an additional 15% of world's plant species by 2020.
Researchers have discovered that sponges soaked in Botox can effectively treat intrinsic rhinitis, a condition affecting millions of people. The minimally invasive application method resulted in improved symptoms and a long-lasting reduction of nasal hypersecretion.
Scientists have developed a revolutionary technology to analyze protein mixtures, revealing a key enzyme that stabilizes proteins in mitochondria. This breakthrough has significant implications for fundamental research on proteins and their roles in cell function.
The study emphasizes the role of population mobility in spreading drug-resistant diseases worldwide. Researchers propose a new approach that considers the 'human factor' in health policy and processes to combat this growing threat.
Researchers aim to identify 'biomarkers' in tissue and blood samples to diagnose conditions like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Crohn's disease. They will test these signatures using tissue and blood samples from patients with various inflammatory diseases.
A national survey found that most girls and young women were aware of the HPV vaccine's benefits, but lacked knowledge about the HPV virus and other sexually transmitted infections. The study suggests that education on the HPV virus itself is crucial for informed decision-making.
A $580,000 NSF-funded project is transcribing and publishing John Tyndall's letters, which touch on topics like science and religion, professionalization of science, and government funding. The project aims to create an international community of Tyndall scholars and train graduate students in research methods.
A new federal grant will investigate a novel approach in treating HIV infection, focusing on a unique class of drugs that target psychological and neurological effects. The research aims to develop therapies that can relieve depression-like symptoms and improve innate immunity in HIV-infected patients.
A new nationwide study suggests that people are more likely to support withdrawing U.S. troops from Iraq if one or more soldiers from their home state were killed there recently. This localized factor outweighs other considerations, such as national casualties, in shaping public opinion.
The development of new pharmaceuticals is being stifled by patent challenges that increase generic competition, according to researchers. The number of new compounds approved annually has fallen, and the effective life of key patents will continue to decline, leading to revenue declines in the industry.
Researchers found that individual wasps benefit from being recognizable, as they are less likely to be targeted in aggressive encounters. This finding suggests that diversity may promote group stability, extending beyond wasp societies to potentially influence human facial variation and social interactions.
Researchers have visualized the ribosome's assembly line gears, capturing the intricate interactions between elongation factor G and the ribosome. The study reveals new insights into how EF-G moves the assembly line forward, paving the way for understanding viral hijacking and antibiotic resistance.
Researchers have discovered a rich cache of plant fossils in Colombia, providing the first reliable evidence of how Neotropical rainforests looked 58 million years ago. The fossil record shows that many dominant plant families still exist today, indicating a relatively stable ecosystem.
The study found that mammals are protected from the majority of fungal pathogens due to their elevated body temperature, which is too high for most fungi to survive. This theory could help explain why mammals rose to dominance after the dinosaur extinction event.
The National Science Foundation has authorized $29.1 million for the preliminary design of DUSEL, a deep underground science and engineering laboratory in South Dakota. The facility will house experiments in physics, engineering, geoscience, and biology, shielded from cosmic rays and accessible to unique geological areas.
The report highlights a significant phytonutrient gap in the US, with 88% of Americans falling short in the blue/purple category. To close this gap, experts recommend consuming two servings from each of the five color categories per day, providing potential health benefits from promoting eye, bone and heart health.
A recent study found that Americans express strong concern about socio-economic based health disparities and support government intervention to address them. However, there is less public support for reducing racially-based disparities, with many attributing these differences to genetic factors.
A new project aims to provide healthy school meals using locally-sourced food, providing a reliable income for local farmers and improving rural economies. The initiative will help governments run school meal programmes in sub-Saharan Africa, benefiting millions of children facing poverty and hunger.
Young neurobiologist Richard Benton's research on insect odor detection has uncovered unanticipated evolutionary parallels between chemosensation, immune recognition, and synaptic transmission. His findings have significant implications for controlling disease-transmitting insects and understanding the evolution of nervous systems.
IBEX maps show a narrow ribbon of intense emissions at the edge of the solar system, contradicting previous theories. The data suggests the interstellar environment has a significant influence on the heliosphere's structure.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have conducted a basic chemistry experiment in a world's smallest test tube, measuring thousandth of human hair diameter. The nano-scale test tube was heated and observed to melt gold at its tip, demonstrating well-known phenomena like melting, capillarity and diffusion at nanoscale.
Researchers have discovered a unique bacterial species that can stimulate specialized immune cells in mice, potentially providing insights into human gut-dwelling microbes. This finding could lead to new understanding of how beneficial bacteria protect against pathogenic invaders.
A new study by Western Washington University scientists found that leaves along busy bus routes are up to 10 times more magnetic than those on quieter streets, indicating higher levels of air pollution. This simple and effective method could be used to monitor particulate matter in urban environments.
A study found that the replacement of a black manager with a non-black manager results in a significant decline in the number of blacks employed, especially in Southern stores. Black managers tend to hire people who live close to them, while non-black managers hire from a broader network.
Scientists at Oklahoma State University are working on a new type of thermoelectric technology that can convert waste heat into electricity. This breakthrough has the potential to power military aircraft without toxic emissions or expensive cooling systems.
A new study published in BMC Medicine found that the popular antidepressant nortriptyline is associated with a dramatic increase in suicidal thoughts among men. Compared to its competitor escitalopram, nortriptyline was linked to a 9.8-fold increase in emerging suicidal thoughts and a 2.4-fold increase in worsening suicidal thoughts.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh have discovered specific immune cells that attract corrupted proteins, increasing the risk of variant CJD in younger individuals. This finding may lead to better diagnosis methods and potential vaccine development.
A study found that men tend to react better to messages invoking disgust, while women respond to reminders. Handwashing rates were higher among women, with 64% washing their hands compared to 32% of men.
A recent study by Dr. Khaled El Emam found that hospital pharmacy prescription records can easily re-identify patients, posing a significant privacy risk. The study demonstrates a methodology for de-identifying patient data to maintain patient confidentiality.
Researchers used former Colombian guerrillas to study brain structure changes after learning to read. They found higher grey matter density in left hemisphere areas responsible for letter recognition and increased white matter connections, particularly with the angular gyrus.
Researchers at the University of Rochester are developing a system to derive usable hydrogen fuel from water using only sunlight. The team will investigate artificial photosynthesis and use three modules to optimize the process. The goal is to create a clean energy source that can be used in fuel cells for cars, homes, or power plants.
The Arctic has been a carbon sink since the last Ice Age, but rapid climate change could eliminate it. Warmer temperatures and permafrost thawing could release more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, accelerating global warming.
Researchers found molecular sites on the 2009 H1N1 virus that are also present in seasonal flu viruses, explaining why older adults may have some immunity to the new virus. This immunity may be due to cell-mediated responses triggered by cytotoxic T-cells.
Researchers at Miriam Hospital's Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center are studying various approaches to prevent and treat obesity, including behavioral interventions and gene-based research. These studies aim to develop innovative strategies to curb the obesity epidemic and its devastating health consequences.
The MAION, a 30-cm, fixed-wing micro air vehicle with counter-rotating propellers, can make smooth transitions between hover and fast forward flight. This design has potential for both military and civil applications.
Researchers discovered that tropical paper wasps' brain structures alter to tackle complex tasks, integrating sensory inputs. The brain's dendrite network grows in complexity as the wasps transition from nest work to foraging, adapting to new environments.
The article suggests that nephrologists should consider the potential quality of life for frail elders with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) when deciding between dialysis and conservative therapies. Larger studies are needed to determine the actual benefit of dialysis for this population.
Researchers discovered that high-fructose corn syrup can form a potentially harmful substance called hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) when heated. HMF levels increase steadily with rising temperatures, posing a threat to honey bee health and human consumption of HFCS products.
Researchers have charted extreme genetic differences in the malaria parasite, which could make it difficult to develop a broadly protective vaccine. The study found that certain regions of the protein are recognized by the immune response, allowing researchers to narrow their focus and reduce the number of immunologically important types.
Research on autism spectrum disorders has made significant progress, with advancements in early brain development and diagnosis. The review highlights the importance of parent involvement and genetic factors in the disorder, and suggests potential future treatments using neuroimaging tools and intensive behavioral therapies.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have identified a potassium channel KvLQT as the molecular trigger for sudden death in epilepsy. This discovery could lead to a simple genetic screening test to identify patients at risk, offering effective treatments such as beta blockers and cardiac pacemakers.
A study found that stricter hand hygiene practices in schools are difficult to maintain over time. School children may be more susceptible to H1N1 influenza than adults, but hand hygiene is not an effective long-term solution.
Research reveals 41% increase in unplanned hospital admissions for children under ten, primarily due to short stays of less than two days. The study highlights a potential link between parental access to out-of-hours primary care and the rise in hospital admissions.
A study found that reducing class size in early grades raises achievement for all students through middle school and closes the gap between high- and low-achievers. Students in consistently small classes had substantially higher test scores in grades four through eight.
A recent study published in the journal Transplantation has found that a newer, less expensive anti-rejection drug is just as effective as its more expensive counterpart, alemtuzumab. The researchers, led by Alan C. Farney, compared the two drugs and found similar survival rates for patients and transplanted organs.
Researchers at the University of Delaware have discovered how plants recognize their siblings through chemical cues in roots. This finding has significant implications for agriculture, where crop yields and growth patterns may be improved by understanding plant sibling recognition.
This field guide features 33 geological trips in the Pacific Northwest, covering topics such as volcanoes, floods, and vineyard terroir. The guide offers new insights into the region's geologic processes and history, inspiring readers to explore and understand this dynamic corner of the world.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that dialysis for nursing home seniors does not improve functional capacity and may even worsen quality of life. Researchers call for individualized approaches to treatment, considering patients' goals and prognostic information.
Research by McMaster University reveals that identity theft and fraud are increasing concerns for consumers, with phishing, credit card skimming, and insider theft being major threats. The study's model defines ID theft and fraud as two distinct problems, aiming to educate the public on how their personal data can be misappropriated an...
The center will investigate the link between schizophrenia and dysfunctional brain N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDA). Researchers aim to identify pre-symptomatic individuals in adolescence to intervene before disease effects take hold. The grant also supports a summer undergraduate research program.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center discovered that a gene associated with immunological disorders plays a crucial role in preventing breast cancer. The study suggests that drugs targeting this gene may inadvertently promote breast cancer development.
A study by Ascensión Riva and colleagues reveals that darker fabric colors offer superior UV absorption, with deep blue shades providing the highest level of protection. This research could lead to more affordable and effective sun-blocking fabrics for consumers.