Researchers 'remote-controlled' cancer cell behavior with light, finding that activation can cause changes in morphology, proliferation, and gene expression. This breakthrough applies optogenetics to cancer research, offering a precise method for targeting specific cells.
A study by neuroscientists at Brigham Young University found that addiction starts with an overcorrection in the brain, triggering oxidative stress and a protein called BDNF. This process can lead to withdrawal symptoms like pain and anxiety.
Research found that early-life experiences can alter behavioral responses to pain and affect the next generation. Female sheep who had their tails docked or experienced mild simulated infections showed more pain-related behavior when giving birth.
Two new fish-spawning reefs will be built in the St. Clair River to boost native species such as lake sturgeon, walleye, and lake whitefish. The $3.5 million project aims to restore habitat by providing river-bottom rock structures suitable for spawning.
Scientists discovered that locusts prefer food sources with optimal protein/carbohydrate ratios at specific temperatures. The study found that locusts modify their behavior to get the maximum benefit from available nutrients.
A recent NIH study has identified a crucial gene involved in the early development of cilia, which are essential for cell communication and sensory systems. Without this gene, mice failed to grow cilia, leading to embryonic death, highlighting the importance of Cc2d2a in cilia formation.
A randomized clinical trial of 200 patients with traumatic brain injury found that administering erythropoietin or maintaining a higher hemoglobin concentration did not improve neurological outcomes at 6 months. Transfusion thresholds also had no significant impact on recovery rates.
Researchers have discovered that aspirin use slows down certain aging processes of the genome, while smoking accelerates them. The study found a significant correlation between aspirin use and reduced DNA methylation changes in healthy women over 50 years old, suggesting a possible mechanism for cancer prevention.
Researchers found that African Cichlids demonstrated complex behaviors and recalled previous training experiences after 12-day rest period. They showed a distinct preference for the area associated with food reward, suggesting advanced memory capabilities.
A study found that alcohol use disorders are associated with a lower work trajectory, with women's careers more likely to be disrupted. The association is stronger for women than men, suggesting that AUDs may have a greater impact on women's career paths.
A QUT study found that friends are the strongest influence on young people's intentions to drink walk, a behavior linked to increased risk of injury and fatality. Young males were particularly at risk due to their perception of drink walking as a low-risk activity.
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed office and laboratory spaces that demonstrate high-performance, sustainable building designs and constructions. The campus features facilities with best-in-class energy efficiency and sustainability practices.
Researchers at the University of Houston have identified a semiconducting material called graphene nitride as one of the thinnest possible piezoelectric materials. The material is only one atomic layer thick and can be stacked on top of itself without losing its piezoelectric properties.
A new study at UC Berkeley reveals that people perform better with tactile technology when using multiple fingers and hands, especially for visually impaired participants who outmaneuvered their sighted counterparts
A recent study shows that half of patients with severe sickle cell disease have safely stopped immunosuppressant medication after a modified blood stem-cell transplant. The trial reversed the condition in nearly all patients and allowed them to achieve stable mixed donor chimerism.
A recent study by Sam Houston State University found that online bullying creates significant fear among students who have experienced traditional bullying or gang activity. Cyberbullying is most prominent in minority populations, leading to negative effects such as decreased academic performance and increased anxiety.
A new study found that the H1N1 2009 pandemic was primarily driven by short-range travel, contradicting popularly accepted views on disease transmission. School-age children accelerated the spread of the pandemic through repeated transmission over short distances.
Dr. Christof von Kalle has received a Pioneer Award from Human Gene Therapy for his leadership and accomplishments in the field of cell and gene therapy. He is recognized for his seminal contribution to vector integration, a critical feature of retro- and lentivirus-based vectors.
Researchers have determined how light beams excite chemicals in solar panels, producing charge. The findings open avenues for future research into designing more efficient solar cells.
Researchers Ana Sofía Reboleira and Vicente M. Ortuño discover a new species of cave beetle, Duvalius abyssimus, in the Krubera cave. The beetle is moderately adapted to life underground, retaining eyes despite its subterranean habitat.
The EORTC presents a European solution for effective cancer drug development through collaborative molecular screening platforms. These platforms enable efficient access to new therapeutic agents and adapt clinical research to individual patient needs.
Researchers tracked Chilean devil rays using satellite tags, finding they dive as deep as 2,000 meters in search of food. The study reveals a new link between the surface and deep ocean, shedding light on these majestic creatures' habits.
Eranda Nikolla's research aims to improve energy efficiency and lessen environmental pollutants by developing robust solid-state electrochemical systems. Her project will utilize a combination of experimental and theoretical techniques to design efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 conversion, producing syngas.
Endemic infectious diseases continue to affect millions of individuals in the US, with racial and ethnic minorities disproportionately affected. Emerging vector-borne and zoonotic disease infections are threatening new areas and populations.
MIT researchers have developed a new membrane that can separate finely mixed oil and water, including nanoemulsions. The membrane uses hierarchical pore structures to block the passage of unwanted material while providing strength sufficient to withstand high pressure.
The team created a crystal that can form a paper-like sheet just three atoms thick and exhibits remarkable ability to behave like a switch. It can be mechanically pulled and pushed, back and forth, between two different atomic structures.
Researchers have identified a type I interferon marker that can predict patients with an increased risk of HCV relapse after antiviral therapy. Patients who maintain a strong type I interferon response are more likely to remain HCV-free.
A study found that higher body mass index (BMI) and fat mass are associated with an increased risk of asthma in mid-childhood. The research, published in PLOS Medicine, used Mendelian randomization to assess the causal effect of BMI on childhood asthma.
Researchers from Oregon State University argue that video games can educate the public on complex problems like pollution, drought, and climate change. Video games encourage creative thinking, strategic problem-solving, and social collaboration, making them a potential tool for promoting sustainable practices.
Researchers found that plants produce more defensive chemicals when exposed to caterpillar feeding vibrations, repelling future attacks. The plants distinguished between feeding vibrations and other environmental sources, highlighting their ability to detect insect threats.
Researchers at NIST gather data on human skin's spectral signatures to develop calibration standards for hyperspectral imaging. The technology can detect oxygen levels and other factors in tissues, enabling non-invasive wound healing assessments.
Researchers found a strong correlation between retirement savings and health improvement behaviors, with 401(k) contributors improving their health by 27% more than non-contributors. The study controlled for initial health, demographics, and job type to find that financial planning predicts future health changes.
Researchers at NREL created high-performance, binder-free electrodes using carbon-nanotube-based materials to improve battery life and performance. The technology has attracted interest from industry and is being licensed for volume production.
GW researcher Alexandros Tzatsos receives over $1 million in grants to study pancreatic cancer's epigenetic regulators. He aims to develop targeted therapies for this aggressive form of cancer by understanding the role of histone demethylase.
A phase 3 study of everolimus failed to improve overall survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, a type of liver cancer. In contrast, sorafenib is the only systemic therapy shown to significantly improve overall survival.
Researchers at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research have discovered that B cells participate in the development of regulatory T cells, which control how killer T cells behave. This finding has implications for treating autoimmunity and preventing transplant rejection.
Researchers have developed a new bridge design that uses pre-fabricated columns and beams to improve earthquake resistance, reduce damage, and speed up on-site construction. The system achieves faster construction by shipping pre-fabricated components to the site, where they are erected quickly.
A study by Dr Ana Cobo found that cumulative live birth rates increase progressively with the number of vitrified eggs used, reaching a plateau at 97.3% with 40 eggs. Egg banking can provide a large pool of donor eggs without synchronizing cycles, making it a more efficient and safer process.
Gila Stein, a University of Houston chemical engineer, received an NSF grant to build models explaining lithography systems used for device fabrication. Her research focuses on chemically amplified resists, which are crucial for patterning semiconductor devices in smaller sizes.
A study of 50 returning veterans found that non-specific respiratory symptoms were common, with evidence of airway hyperreactivity in 36% of patients. Underlying mental health and sleep disorders were present in 66% of the patients. Airway hyperreactivity was seen in both asthma and nonspecific cases.
Scientists found a shared mechanism regulating ion intake in sodium and calcium channels, enabling unified understanding of conditions affecting these channels. The discovery may lead to the development of next-generation pharmaceuticals targeting this common control element.
Researchers from Minzu University of China conducted geometric morphometric analysis on the sides faces of Tu and Zang ethnic groups, revealing distinct variations and common features. The study aimed to contribute to research on Chinese facial profile characteristics and variations.
A 13-year study in Connecticut found that reducing deer populations by ≥87% results in a significant reduction in tick abundance and resident-reported cases of Lyme disease. This suggests that managing deer populations could be an effective strategy for reducing human interactions with infected ticks.
UCLA's David Geffen School of Medicine has received a $7.2 million NIH grant to tackle rare genetic disorders through comprehensive bedside-to-bench clinical research. The program aims to provide answers to patients living with undiagnosed diseases by analyzing patients' genomes and identifying environmental factors that lead to disease.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have developed a new class of walking 'bio-bots' powered by muscle cells, controlled with electrical pulses. The breakthrough allows for unprecedented control over their function, opening up possibilities for environmental and medical applications.
Finland is developing a new energy system for storing solar and wind energy, targeting greenhouse gas reduction and energy self-sufficiency. The NEO-CARBON ENERGY project aims to create Finnish companies' international RÝ competitiveness and explore business opportunities in the global market.
Researchers used novel tools to examine how manta rays use Palmyra's lagoons as breeding grounds and feeding areas, finding that food is a key driver of their presence. The study highlights the importance of protecting lagoons from human disturbance and habitat degradation to conserve this vulnerable species.
A study published in the Journal of Behavioral Medicine found that fear and worry about skin cancer drive people's use of sunscreen, rather than information about the disease. The researchers suggest that addressing emotions may be crucial for designing effective public health interventions.
A large case-control study found that pregnancies from egg donation are associated with a higher risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and pre-eclampsia. The study included over 580 pregnancies and found that the risk was more than three-fold higher for routine IVF patients.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that individuals at high risk for addiction share similar neurobiological signatures with addicted individuals. The research suggests a common brain mechanism that promotes the use of addictive substances in vulnerable people and those with long-standing habitual substance use.
Researchers at NIST have created a silver-glass metamaterial that enables one-way transmission of visible light, with around 30 times more light passing through in the forward direction than in reverse. The device has potential applications in optical information processing and biosensing devices.
A new study involving CU-Boulder reveals that red kangaroos use their tails as a powerful fifth leg to support and propel motion while grazing on all fours. The study, published in Biology Letters, shows that the kangaroo tail performs as much mechanical work as one of its legs.
Researchers at UCSF found catheter ablation to be a highly effective first-line treatment for atrial flutter, reducing hospital visits by 12% and emergency department visits by 40%. The procedure also lowers the risk of atrial fibrillation by 11%.
The partnership aims to advance fuel cell materials and manufacturing technologies, reducing costs while improving performance and durability. The collaboration will focus on critical next-generation challenges, including platinum loading reduction and hydrogen system development.
A study found that one in six adolescents who visited the emergency department experienced dating violence. Factors associated with dating violence included African-American race, alcohol misuse, and depression. The study highlights the need for screening and intervention among youth to prevent future adult intimate partner violence.
A large Danish study found that women who had a Caesarean section were at a slightly increased risk of subsequent stillbirth (14%) and ectopic pregnancy (9%), but not miscarriage. The overall risk remains small, however.
A new method combining 3D printing and thermal reflow treatment creates tactile objects with detailed lines and curves, making books and teaching materials more accessible to the visually impaired. The technology reduces production time from months to hours, using eco-friendly and durable materials.
A new approach identified two mutated tumor targets, KIF2C and POLA2, that play important roles in cell proliferation and may stimulate immune responses. This study provides a technical solution to identify mutated tumor targets for adoptive T-cell therapy, which has shown promise in treating metastatic melanoma.
A study published in mBio found that Campylobacter jejuni, a foodborne pathogen, can cause disease in some breeds of chickens. The bacteria were previously thought to be harmless to birds.
Researchers have uncovered 31 genes crucial to the development, growth, and spread of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common form of kidney cancer. The study found eight previously unlinked genes and six unknown to any cancer type, highlighting potential new therapeutic targets.