International organizations IASLC and BTOG are partnering to spread awareness of revised lung cancer staging criteria. The new system takes effect this month and aims to provide better care for patients. Key findings highlight improved prognostic factors, tumor size measurements, and coding systems for lung cancers with multiple lesions.
A new study from the University of Utah suggests that repeated stress from everyday activities like walking can cause microdamage to bones in older adults, leading to a higher risk of breakage. This theory, known as 'cyclic loading,' challenges the common-held belief that bone breaks are caused by single impacts or forces.
A study at UMass Lowell aims to predict behavioral outcomes based on propaganda type and viewer personality. The research will produce training materials and educational content to counter terrorist recruitment techniques.
Scientists created a fully-resolved family tree for shark, ray, and chimaera species to quantify their evolutionary distinctness. This research identified five priority hotspots for conservation, helping to preserve up to 26 million years of unique evolutionary history.
A new study found that young children do not endorse beliefs about race as natural determinants, but instead expect behavior to be shaped by the environment. The extent to which these beliefs develop varies depending on exposure to diversity in neighborhoods and child care.
A new study by Stanford researchers found that a large and unstable Antarctic glacier may be melting farther inland than previously thought, posing a threat to global sea levels. The Pine Island Glacier's Southwest Tributary could trigger or accelerate ice loss in Thwaites Glacier, potentially speeding the rate of sea-level rise.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have discovered a new approach to replace graphite in lithium-ion batteries using silicon reinforced with graphene girders. This could more than double the battery's life and increase its capacity.
A study led by Michigan Technological University explores mercury pollution in the Great Lakes, particularly in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. The research focuses on policy scenarios to reduce mercury emissions and provides insights into regional remediation efforts and fish safety for local communities.
The study reveals that water molecules at the RNA surface perform tipping motions, known as librations, which influence the structure and dynamics of RNA. The findings show a complex scenario where water fluctuations are transferred to RNA vibrations, essential for avoiding local overheating.
A new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that women with PCOS have less diverse gut bacteria, which may influence the development of the condition and its impact on quality of life. Elevated testosterone levels in women with PCOS were linked to these changes.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University studied the Marangoni effect, which causes soap to spread on water's surface. They developed a method to quantify the phenomenon through three independent measurements, showing that surfactant dissolution and spreading affect its behavior.
Researchers at Lomonosov Moscow State University developed a new mathematical model that describes the process of soliton occurrence in optical microresonators, taking Raman scattering into account. The system of equations may be used for numerical simulation of effects in optical resonators.
Despite policies to increase diversity, racial/ethnic minority patients are less likely to receive live donor kidney transplants. The study found that disparities worsened over the last two decades, with black patients receiving only a quarter of the number of live donor transplants as white patients.
Children with cochlear implants learn words faster than their hearing counterparts, thanks to earlier exposure to spoken language and better-developed brain structures. Researchers found that these children build up word pools at an accelerated rate.
University of Tennessee assistant professor Tyson Raper received the 2018 Dr. J. Tom Cothren Outstanding Young Cotton Physiologist Award for his research contributions to cotton physiology. He leads education and research efforts on cotton, wheat, and small grain crops.
A new video database has been created to track cellular migration, providing insights into normal processes and alterations involved in diseases like cancer. The database contains 52 videos analyzed from the Cell Tracking Challenge, offering a guide for researchers to select algorithmic solutions.
A team of scientists has identified two proteins, PCH1 and PCHL, that regulate the activity of phytochrome B, a key photoreceptor protein in plants. This discovery allows plants to adapt their light sensitivity to different environmental conditions, enabling them to optimize photosynthesis and growth.
The foundation awarded grants to early career scientists with 'high-risk/high-reward' ideas who lack preliminary data, aiming to significantly impact cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The recipients will use prebiotics to manipulate the microbiota, develop novel degraders for targeted therapies, and investigate tumor T cells...
Researchers have developed a method to create human-like skin pigmentation using 3D bioprinting, enabling standardized distribution of melanocytes and manipulation of pore sizes within the dermal regions.
A recent study published in BMC Medicine suggests that premature births are associated with an imbalance of bacteria in the mother's reproductive tract. The researchers found that subtle changes in vaginal microbiota were strongly linked to early water breakage and preterm birth, which can increase the risk of sepsis for newborns.
Researchers at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging have identified a potential therapeutic avenue for Parkinson's disease by clearing senescent astrocytes, which stop dividing and secrete deleterious factors. This approach shows promise in preventing symptoms of the incurable neurological disorder.
Researchers found highly oxidized iron in garnets from diamonds at a depth of 550 km below the Earth's surface, contradicting expectations about iron oxidation in the mantle. This discovery suggests that molten carbonate may have oxidized rocks to form diamonds.
Researchers used network analysis to re-examine medieval texts and found a negative value suggesting an Irish versus Viking conflict, contradicting revisionist historians' views. The study provides new insights into the complex picture of relationships during this period.
Researchers used a plant virus to study how plants defend themselves against invading pathogens, revealing key receptor proteins that regulate RNA interference. The findings also identified a suppressor protein named C4 used by the virus to disarm the plant's defence mechanism.
A smart baby pillow has been introduced to prevent and correct mild cases of flat head syndrome. The device features an embedded air volume control system and a real-time soft tactile sensor to monitor the baby's head position.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have identified a specific position on TatC that can be chemically altered by DCCD, inhibiting contact with the Tat substrate. This finding reveals the mechanism of how TatC and TatB components assemble into an active transporter, creating a cavity for protein insertion.
A new, rapid, and low-cost method for detecting bacteria in water or a food sample has been developed by researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The technique uses a sensitive and reliable bacteria-detecting chip that can test fresh produce for bacterial loads.
Researchers at Southern Methodist University have discovered three drug-like compounds that successfully reverse chemotherapy failure in three of the most commonly aggressive cancers. The compounds were tested on micro-tumors and showed effectiveness against specific cancers, giving hope for developing new drugs to fight cancer.
Observational research suggests that probiotic intake during late pregnancy may lower the risk of pre-eclampsia and premature birth. A significant association was found between probiotic consumption and a 20% lower risk of pre-eclampsia, while an 11% lower risk was observed for premature birth during early pregnancy.
The study found that only 27.6% of individuals with anxiety disorders received appropriate treatment, with the remaining cases receiving inadequate care. The low treatment rate is attributed to factors such as lack of awareness, health system weaknesses, and stigma surrounding mental illnesses.
Scientists at German Cancer Research Center have discovered a new target for anti-angiogenic tumor therapy by deleting a signaling molecule in mice, leading to delayed tumor growth and limited metastases. The receptor Tie1 plays a crucial role in angiogenesis and is overexpressed in tumors.
A new study maps distinct neighborhoods where feelings are assigned to experience in the basolateral amygdala, revealing a region with diverse and dynamic neurons that interact with each other. The findings shed light on how valence assignment works and may provide insights into mental health disorders.
A Singapore-Japan research team developed a new scheme to verify quantum computations after they're completed, allowing customers to check results and protect companies from dishonest users. The 'post-hoc verification' method can be done with or without specialized hardware.
A new report commissioned by IICSA highlights the growing risk of online child sexual abuse and exploitation. Researchers found that vulnerability characteristics include adverse childhood experiences, disability, and above-average internet use, while digital skills and openness can protect children from unwanted experiences.
Researchers found that women with PCOS have less diverse gut bacteria compared to those without the condition. Elevated testosterone levels in PCOS may contribute to these changes, suggesting a potential link between the microbiome and the development of PCOS.
Researchers have developed a microfluidic device that emulates the human blood-retinal barrier, allowing for the study of its structure and physiological conditions. The device enables cells to communicate and interact with each other like in a living organ, making it an essential tool for boosting in vitro experimentation.
Research by NREL found that up to 3% of PEVs on the road (7.5 million vehicles) does not significantly increase residential power demand. However, uncoordinated charging in clusters may overload distribution transformers, requiring infrastructure upgrades.
Researchers found that early personality changes can lead to noticeable behavior problems, including depression and anxiety. The study suggests that diagnosing these early changes could help develop earlier treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that cognitive training improved neural activity in older adults, making their brains more energy-efficient. The study suggests that this non-pharmacological intervention could help counteract age-related cognitive decline and enhance brain health.
Researchers developed stable, self-disrupting microbubbles to carry oxygen in the blood, reducing the risk of embolism. The microbubbles were shown to increase survival rates in rodents with cardiac arrest, providing a potential lifesaving treatment.
The UA-led international research consortium aims to determine the role of CC16 in persistent childhood asthma and its potential as a therapeutic intervention. The study will analyze thousands of participants followed from birth into adulthood, providing unique data on asthma persistence.
Researchers have identified the structure of a central protein used by archaea to determine direction, revealing significant differences from bacteria. This discovery sheds light on how archaea can adapt to extreme environments and colonize new habitats.
A new study published in mBio found that people with higher levels of anti-HA stem antibodies have less viral shedding when they get the flu, but do not have fewer or less severe signs of illness. The study suggests that these antibody levels are not independent predictors of whether someone becomes sick or how severely.
A new architecture miniaturizes atomic clocks using piezoelectric thin film vibration, achieving 30% reduction in chip area and 50% reduction in power consumption. The technology enables high-end frequency standards to be incorporated into wireless devices like smartphones.
Researchers at Tufts University have developed highly selective membrane filters that can separate organic compounds by size and electrostatic charge, potentially reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. The membranes mimic biological systems and can sort compounds in various filtration systems.
A study comparing hysteroscopic and laparoscopic sterilization methods found that hysteroscopic sterilization was associated with a higher risk of gynecological complications, but not with an increased risk of medical outcomes. The study followed 105,357 women in France for one to three years after sterilization.
Researchers have discovered tiny crystals forming deep in volcanoes can signal impending eruptions, offering hope for more effective evacuations and early warning systems. The study, led by Dr. Teresa Ubide, uses a new laser technique to examine the composition of these crystals, which may hold the key to predicting volcanic activity.
Researchers, led by Dr. Felicia Goodrum, aim to understand the virus-host interaction of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a member of the herpesvirus family. HCMV poses life-threatening risks in individuals with compromised immune systems and is the leading cause of infectious disease-related birth defects.
Scientists from Siberian Federal University have developed a new method for synthesizing iron-dysprosium garnet, a promising magnetic material. This method uses anion resin exchange precipitation, allowing for the production of materials with controlled properties and no high temperatures or aggressive substances.
Researchers identified unique epigenetic signatures for nine neurodevelopmental disorders, enabling better diagnosis with minimal clinical overlap. The signatures can be used to screen for multiple syndromes simultaneously and distinguish between similar cases.
A sugar tax on soft drinks might increase alcohol consumption due to similar sugar content in many alcoholic beverages. Research suggests that a more nuanced approach to pricing across a range of beverages may be more effective than a single tax.
Researchers have recovered over 2000 artefacts from the edges of contracting glacial ice in Norway, dating back to 4000 BC. The finds suggest a pattern of increased activity in the Late Antique Little Ice Age and again during the Viking Age, likely driven by changes in climate and human migration.
The Ellen MacArthur Foundation awarded VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland a $1 million prize for its innovative bio-based packaging solution made from cellulose. The material reduces the use of plastics, extends the shelf life of food, and minimizes food waste.
A low-budget experiment exposed top female college students to charismatic, successful women in economics, resulting in a 12-percentage point increase in female enrollment in an intermediate microeconomics course. The intervention had no impact on male students, but particularly inspired high-achieving female students.
Researchers have found that small crystals in volcanic rocks contain growth layers similar to tree rings, which can record the processes leading up to an eruption. This discovery may lead to more effective volcanic hazard monitoring, including for dormant volcanoes.
Researchers have developed a new technique using optical coherence elastography to measure the mechanical properties of heart tissue after a heart attack. The method reveals differences in tissue mechanics between healthy and scarred tissue, providing insights into developing therapies to regenerate damaged heart tissue.
The Earth BioGenome Project will map the DNA of all known eukaryotic species, including plants, animals, and single-celled organisms. The ambitious 10-year project is expected to cost $4.7 billion.
Research connects preterm birth to adult heart disease by showing that fetal infection and inflammation disrupt genes crucial for normal heart development. This study uses a preterm animal model to demonstrate how inflammation can lead to incomplete heart development, increasing the risk of abnormal heart rhythms and heart failure.
A recent study published in PNAS reveals that plants with diverse root microbiomes are more resilient to drought, while those with similar microbial communities struggle. The research also found that recruiting specific bacteria can improve drought resistance.
Researchers at Iowa State University have developed a new graphene printing technology that produces electronic circuits with low cost, flexibility, and conductivity. The technology uses laser processing to create water-repelling surfaces on graphene flakes, opening up possibilities for self-cleaning wearable electronics and sensors.