A randomized controlled trial found that furosemide increases the risk of electrolyte adverse events but no difference in hearing loss or nephrocalcinosis was observed. The study suggests caution when using furosemide in preterm infants at high risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
New sediment core data from ancient Lake Cahuilla extends the lake's history back 7000 years, providing insights into potential connections between lake filling events and earthquakes on the Southern San Andreas Fault. The research aims to shed light on possible triggering mechanisms and improve earthquake rupture histories.
A UCLA-led team found that an abnormally suppressed immune system, not a persistently hyperactive one, may be to blame for some cases of long COVID-19. The study suggests boosting immunity in those individuals could be a treatment option.
Researchers found a weak correlation between provider and patient satisfaction with anesthesia during ocular surgery, suggesting that providers are poor predictors of patient comfort. The study recommends further research to understand patient satisfaction with anesthesia.
Researchers found a slow, shallow magnitude 8.16 subevent that contributed over 70% to the seismic moment of the 2021 South Sandwich Island earthquake. The event was 'invisible' at first glance and had unusual features, including a massive aftershock area and tsunamis across three oceans.
A UCLA report identifies a link between raising the minimum wage and lower divorce rates among low-income Americans, with a $1 per hour increase reducing divorce rates by 7-15% over two years.
Physicists at UCI have developed a technique to measure electrostatic properties of materials with unprecedented resolution. By using a hydrogen molecule as a quantum sensor, researchers can detect changes in its quantum states and create atomic-scale images of samples.
The new report highlights the pivotal impact of microbes on climate change, with major drivers being producers and consumers of greenhouse gases. The report provides recommendations for researchers, policymakers, and regulators to harness the power of microbes in tackling climate change.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that live music platforms face difficulties in valuing intangible qualities, managing complex tasks, and achieving economies of scale. This is due to the industry's fragmented nature, with different types of gigs requiring unique expectations from clients.
Studies of deep diamonds provide evidence of fluids carried by subducted slabs, suggesting that fluids can no longer be ignored in the story of deep earthquake generation. The diamonds' distinctive chemistry and inclusions indicate a connection to organic material and serpentinized mantle peridotite.
Researchers investigated the use of intranasal human milk as a stem cell therapy for preterm infants with intraventricular hemorrhage. The study found that preterm infants could tolerate nasal milk therapy without major safety events, paving the way for further research on long-term outcomes.
High blood pressure can cause long-lasting changes in the structure of vascular smooth muscle cells, stiffening arterial walls and increasing the risk of cerebrovascular disease. Researchers found that a signaling pathway triggered by E–T coupling is involved in this process, leading to inflammation and vascular remodeling.
Researchers at KIMS developed rare-earth-saving permanent magnets reducing neodymium (Nd) content by about 30%, while maintaining commercial-grade performance. The technology uses cerium (Ce) and suppresses the formation of unnecessary magnetic particles.
Researchers have developed a new type of optical fiber that generates high-power supercontinuum light in the mid-infrared spectrum, expanding its applications for environmental monitoring and cancer diagnostics. The non-silica graded-index fiber provides a self-cleaning mechanism, enabling efficient generation of broadband sources.
The study reveals the sing saw uses a surprising effect to create its distinct tone: when curved into an S-shape, energy vibrates in a confined area producing a clear, long-lasting sound. This principle can be applied to design high-quality resonators for various applications.
The MechanicalTree is a scalable solution for reducing carbon emissions by collecting CO2 from the atmosphere without the need for blowers or fans. It has the potential to curb greenhouse gas emissions and combat global warming by capturing approximately 1,000 tons of CO2 per day.
The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) mission enables new measurements of cosmic X-ray sources, such as pulsars, black holes, and neutron stars. With its state-of-the-art telescopes and detectors, IXPE will provide high-quality polarization data of various sources, including supernova remnants, active galaxies, and blazars.
A study published in The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery found that female patients and those from lower-income neighborhoods have higher mortality rates following cardiovascular and thoracic procedures. Patients in these groups also experienced higher comorbidity burdens, urgent admissions, and poorer health outcomes.
Research from Weill Cornell Medicine found that less prostate cancer screening has reduced overdiagnosis, but increased incidence of high-grade and metastatic disease. The study analyzed over 438,000 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer between 2010 and 2018.
A study by Kyoto University reveals that crickets' wings form from the lateral tergum of their wingless ancestors. The researchers used gene knockouts and microsurgery to identify key cell types involved in wing formation.
Researchers developed a novel composite solid-state electrolyte with high ionic conductivity, enabling long-life 4.4 V-class solid-state lithium metal batteries. The electrolyte exhibits uniform, reversible Li plating/stripping behaviors and delivers 79.7% capacity retention after 500 cycles.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that more than half of cancer centers do not publicly disclose payer-specific prices for patients with private health insurance. The study also revealed significant markups in drug prices, ranging from 120% to 630% above the hospital cost.
Researchers have identified a panel of cytokines that can help predict which COVID-19 patients are at risk of serious illness and death. High levels of certain cytokines, such as IL-6 and IP-10, can signal an excessive immune response that may lead to organ failure and death.
A study found that fetuses with single-ventricle congenital heart disease are more susceptible to social-emotional problems compared to those with two-ventricle congenital heart disease. Infants with impaired prenatal brain growth also experience worsened language, cognitive, and motor outcomes by 18 months.
Researchers at Michigan State University have designed a learning-enabled safe controller for systems operating in uncertain environments. The new method, which combines control barrier functions and Lyapunov functions, allows the system to quickly learn uncertainties while achieving maximum safe performance.
Researchers propose multiple plasmoids could bridge the vast range of scales in magnetic reconnection, enabling more credible simulations and high-fidelity experiments. The coming experiments will use exascale supercomputers and multiscale laboratory facilities to study reconnection in nature more faithfully.
A blood test can predict which patients with COVID-19 pneumonia are most likely to become severely ill. Researchers found that levels of certain host proteins increased or decreased at different stages of hospitalization, providing insight into the progression of disease.
Researchers have developed organic sulfonamides as a flexible and stable material for proton battery cathodes, achieving higher output voltages than conventional cathodes. The new material is also easy to manufacture, stable under standard conditions, and non-toxic.
Researchers deployed a fiber-optic-based sensing system to track sea ice formation in the Beaufort Sea, demonstrating a new method for near-real-time monitoring. The technology used distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) to observe changes in seismic waves caused by sea ice formation and break-up, providing insights into the Arctic's health.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open estimates that COVID-19 vaccination in California resulted in significant public health impacts, preventing over 1.5 million cases and 72,000 hospitalizations. The study also found that vaccination led to 19,000 deaths during the first 10 months of vaccination.
A recent study found that an artificial intelligence-based system improved providers' assessments of bladder cancer patients' response to chemotherapy. The AI tool helped doctors from different specialties and experience levels make more accurate diagnoses, with those in academia showing the greatest gains.
A recent study by Kaiser Permanente found that the Pfizer COVID-19 third dose vaccine provides strong protection against hospital admissions and emergency department visits in the first few months. However, this protection wanes over time, even after a third dose, against omicron variants.
Researchers from InSight's Marsquake Service have detected two massive marsquakes on Mars' far side, with magnitudes 4.2 and 4.1. The events provided unique insights into the planet's core-mantle boundary and offered a glimpse into previously unexplored regions of Mars.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have discovered new genetic and cellular factors that can determine breast cancer recurrence. The study's findings have the potential to improve treatment choices and screening methods, and may also benefit women who have not had breast cancer.
A new study examines factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in the autism community, revealing that early skepticism waned over time. The majority of caregivers eventually received the vaccine following FDA approval. Firmly held vaccine-hesitant beliefs influenced a minority of autism spectrum disorder caregivers.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover that brain parses information through interactions of waves of neural activity, changing how data is processed and affecting attention and focus.
A third of healthcare workers took sick leave after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, with average length of sick leave being two days. The study found that those given mRNA jabs were most likely to take sick leave after their second or third dose.
A new technology developed by KIT researchers uses polymer membranes coated with titanium dioxide to break down steroid hormones and other micropollutants in wastewater. The process is efficient, removing hormone concentrations close to the World Health Organization's drinking water guideline.
Researchers developed a light-controllable time-domain digital coding metasurface that can manipulate microwave reflection spectra by time-varying light signals. The metasurface platform produces harmonics based on phase modulation, generating symmetrical harmonics and white-noiselike spectra.
Researchers have discovered new evidence that sheds light on the initial expansion of the Lapita people throughout Papua New Guinea, revealing a more extensive dispersal than previously thought. The study found distinct markings on pottery, new tool technologies, and animals such as pigs introduced to the region by Lapita people.
Researchers at the University of Malaga developed an assessment proposal for Long COVID patients, focusing on individualized treatment based on predominant symptoms and physical function. The approach aims to address controversy surrounding exercise therapy for these patients.
A Belgian study found high levels of respiratory pathogens in air samples from nurseries, schools, and nursing homes during winter. The most frequently identified pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae, human bocavirus, and entero-/rhinovirus.
A study of 280 IVF patients found that COVID-19 vaccination has no effect on IVF cycle stimulation characteristics or clinical outcomes. The study, published in JAMA Network Open, suggests that vaccination is safe for patients undergoing IVF treatments.
A new research paper by Andrew Futter, Professor of International Politics at the University of Leicester, warns of a 'Third Nuclear Age' due to advancements in nuclear weapons technology. The 'Third Nuclear Age' could fundamentally change the rules on nuclear order and stability, posing significant risks to global security.
A new study examines the effect of rapid infusion of sodium bicarbonate on gas exchange and coronary and cerebral perfusion in the immediate post-resuscitation phase. The study found that rapid administration led to a significant rise in myocardial and cerebral perfusion, as well as higher levels of exhaled carbon dioxide.
Ultrashort optical solitons combine into pairs with short temporal separation, forming
Researchers introduce a new strategy to produce highly robust COF monoliths through melt polymerization, overcoming issues of low processability and lack of stability. The new method yields olefin-linked COF foams with excellent mechanical properties and high adsorption capacities.
Research reveals that tropospheric ozone contributes more to the Southern Ocean's warming than previously thought. This finding highlights the importance of reducing air pollution to mitigate ocean heat uptake and climate change.
Scientists at Wuhan University developed a non-contact optical characterization method to detect negative water pressure in microfluidic systems. By analyzing the deformation of hydrogel surfaces, they derived the exact value of negative pressure. This innovation has potential applications in mapping dynamic flow and heat transfer.
Researchers discovered that sialylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor modulates cell mechanics and enhances cancer cell invasion. ST6Gal-I, an enzyme that adds sialic acid to EGFR, plays a key role in tumor progression and metastasis.
Researchers at Penn State found emerging problems in Remote Sighted Assistance (RSA) technology that cannot be solved with existing computer vision techniques, warranting new development in human-AI collaboration. The technology connects visually impaired individuals with human agents for daily tasks requiring sight.
A study of ancient shell remains found at El Mazo cave site reveals that prehistoric humans in Europe adapted to a 1,500-year cold period by exploiting different mollusc species and avoiding overfishing. This research provides insights into human responses to climate change and its impacts on marine environments.
A new model, GCM, uses graph neural networks to capture user behavior interactions and factorization machine to model feature interactions, demonstrating effectiveness on public datasets. The research advances context-aware recommender systems by leveraging graph learning for strong user and item representations.
Researchers have engineered a tiny living heart chamber replica to study disease progression and test new treatments. The miniPUMP device mimics the real organ's mechanics, allowing for accurate tracking of how the heart grows in embryos and studying the impact of disease.
Experts at academic medical centers discussed barriers faced by Black faculty and trainees and suggested a comprehensive intervention to dismantle anti-Black racism in academia. The study highlights the need for increased diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives.
A preliminary study found that organic leafy greens are susceptible to contamination with disease-causing bacteria and protozoa, including Pseudomonas, Salmonella, and Helicobacter. The presence of these pathogens inside free-living amoebae suggests a potential risk to public health through contaminated organic vegetables.
The study compares current recommendations for ventilation and chest compression versus ventilation during neonatal resuscitation using an ovine model. The findings suggest that optimizing ventilation could reduce the need for chest compressions and improve gas exchange in neonates, potentially improving overall outcomes.
A new study reveals that fluid flow in Paliochori Bay's shallow-water hydrothermal system supports high rates of chemosynthetic production, with microbes adapting quickly to changing conditions. The study finds that active fluid flow sustains carbon fixation rates among the highest determined for coastal margin sediments.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in mental health visits in pediatric primary care, with significant rises in eating disorders and mood disorders. The study highlights the importance of screening and managing youth mental health conditions in primary care during periods of social isolation.
A new analysis found that offshore wind power in New England could reduce wholesale electricity prices by $28.81 megawatts per hour, while lowering emissions consistently. However, extreme winter storms may cause temporary losses of power due to high wind speeds, but these events are rare and do not break the system.