Add BrightSurf on Google Email

Science News Archive July 2023 - Page 29


Page 29 of 36

AI nursing ethics: viability of robots and artificial intelligence in nursing practice

Researchers examine whether robots and AI can replicate the ethical concepts attributed to human nurses, including advocacy, accountability, cooperation, and caring. While AI can inform patients about medical errors and present treatment options, it questions its ability to truly understand and empathize with patients' values.

SourceTokyo University of Science·JournalNursing Ethics·TypeLiterature review·DateJul 10, 2023

Realizing the benefits of probiotics in the neonatal intensive care unit requires high-quality products

A new study calls for collaborative efforts to improve probiotic manufacturing standards for preterm infants. The authors propose five action areas to optimize the safety of probiotic products, including collaboration between clinicians, pharmacies, and manufacturers.

SourceInternational Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics·JournalJAMA Pediatrics·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateJul 10, 2023

Going with the flow

Researchers have developed a new method to estimate river flow rates on Mars and Titan, utilizing satellite observations and mathematical equations. The technique allows for predictions of river flow times, sediment size, and potential support for life, shedding light on these celestial bodies' geological pasts.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJul 10, 2023

Ethics & Human Research, July-August 2023

The Hastings Center's Institutional Review Board (IRB) has implemented an evidence-based intervention to address racism and promote equity in biomedical research. The IRB now requires researchers to define racial and ethnic classifications, state whether they are describing or explaining differences between groups, and provide justific...

SourceThe Hastings Center·JournalEthics & Human Research·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 10, 2023

Reporters broadcast live, on-the-scene, inside living cells

Researchers from Rice University and Princeton University have developed a new technology that allows for the live monitoring of signaling protein networks in living cells. The 'live reporter' system uses unobtrusive proteins to tag specific proteins, which can activate fluorescent markers when they become phosphorylated.

SourceRice University·JournaleLife·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 10, 2023

More data needed on lifestyle interventions for postpartum blood pressure control

A recent study found that lifestyle interventions have limited impact on postpartum blood pressures, with most studies showing improvements in other outcomes like weight loss. Black women are underrepresented in these studies, despite being disproportionately affected by high blood pressure during and after pregnancy.

SourceBoston University School of Medicine·JournalJournal of Hypertension·TypeLiterature review·DateJul 10, 2023

Hypothermic neuroprotection by targeted cold autologous blood transfusion into ischemic territory in a non-human primate stroke model

Researchers used targeted cold autologous blood transfusion to reduce infarct volume and preserve white matter integrity in a non-human primate stroke model. The method effectively reduced brain temperature while maintaining core body temperature, without adverse effects of systemic hypothermia.

SourceScience China Press·JournalScience Bulletin·DateJul 10, 2023

Bees get week early wakeup call from warming climate

A new study found that warmer springs are causing British bees to emerge from hibernation 6.5 days earlier due to climate change, potentially disrupting the timing of plant flowering. This could lead to reduced pollination and increased costs for farmers using managed honeybees.

SourceUniversity of Reading·JournalEcology and Evolution·TypeObservational study·DateJul 9, 2023

Beak shape can predict nest material use in the world’s birds, study finds

Researchers used machine learning algorithms to predict nest material use based on beak shape and size, correctly identifying broad materials in 60% of species. The study explores ecological and evolutionary context behind these relationships, with potential applications in understanding animal manipulation and evolution.

SourceUniversity of Bristol·JournalPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJul 9, 2023

First bioavailable compound that specifically inhibits free radical production in mitochondria prevents and treats metabolic syndrome in mice

Researchers at Buck Institute for Research on Aging developed a bioavailable compound that selectively inhibits free radical production in mitochondria, preventing and treating metabolic syndrome in mice. The compound, S1QEL1.719, decreases fat accumulation, improves glucose tolerance, and normalizes fasting insulin levels.

SourceBuck Institute for Research on Aging·JournalFree Radical Biology and Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 9, 2023

Blooming great diabetes discovery

A team of researchers has discovered a plant molecule that acts in the brain and improves blood sugar regulation. The dahlia extract was shown to considerably improve blood sugar regulation in preclinical trials and clinical studies, offering new hope for people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes.

SourceUniversity of Otago·JournalLife Metabolism·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJul 9, 2023

Developer dollars not enough to save species

Research found that financial payments by developers to compensate for environmental consequences are insufficient to achieve intended outcomes. Only 0.7 of 13.4 hectares of impacts on koala habitat have been offset through financial payments since 2018, raising concerns about the future of this endangered species.

SourceUniversity of Queensland·JournalPeople and Nature·DateJul 9, 2023

Burns take a toll on academic outcomes

A new study finds that young people hospitalized due to burns are less likely to finish high school than their peers, with girls at higher risk of not achieving national minimum standards in reading. The research highlights the need for monitoring academic progression and learning support after a burn injury.

SourceMacquarie University·JournalArchives of Disease in Childhood·TypeObservational study·DateJul 9, 2023

Zeus also plays billiards

A research group led by Kyoto University collected data on gamma-ray glows from thunderstorms, which may help explain the origins of lightning. The team proposes that high-energy particles from space could trigger lightning discharges.

SourceKyoto University·JournalGeophysical Research Letters·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJul 9, 2023

Li Yuan 's group from Northwest A&F University has made progress in the study of watermelon haploid induction

Li Yuan's team from Northwest A&F University has made progress in developing a watermelon haploid induction system. They successfully induced haploid plants in multiple watermelon genotypes using the ClDMP3 mutation, with rates reaching up to 1.12%. This breakthrough holds immense potential for advancing watermelon breeding.

SourceNanjing Agricultural University The Academy of Science·JournalHorticulture Research·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 8, 2023

A multi-model prediction system for ENSO

A multi-model ensemble prediction system has been developed to address uncertainties in ENSO forecasting. The system's superiority is demonstrated through a long-term ensemble hindcast and real-time predictions that have successfully captured successive triple La Niúna events.

SourceScience China Press·JournalScience China Earth Sciences·DateJul 7, 2023

Madagascar hippos were forest dwellers

Research suggests that forests played a crucial role on the island before people changed the landscape to grow crops and graze domesticated animals. The study found that hippo isotopes indicate they did not regularly graze in open habitats, but instead fed on sedges and leaves.

SourceUniversity of Cincinnati·JournalPlants People Planet·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 7, 2023

Do investors incorporate financial materiality of environmental information in their risk evaluation?

Researchers found that investors evaluate a company's environmental performance based on financial materiality, providing a better perspective for understanding environmental risks. The study analyzed data from 1,766 companies and identified three key findings: varying evaluation criteria, shareholder risk perception, and the importanc...

SourceKyushu University·JournalCorporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management·DateJul 7, 2023

July issues of American Psychiatric Association journals cover advances in social determinants of mental health, youth mental health screening, AI in psychotherapy and more

The latest issues of American Psychiatric Association journals feature articles on social determinants of health, youth mental health screening, and AI in psychotherapy. Journalists can access publications by emailing press@psych.org.

SourceAmerican Psychiatric Association·JournalAmerican Journal of Psychiatry·DateJul 7, 2023

Updating pulse oximeters

Researchers are studying ways to update pulse oximeter technology to address limitations including overestimation in patients with darker skin tones and motion artifact. The goal is to improve the accuracy of oxygen saturation readings, particularly for diverse groups and in multiple settings.

Art that integrates data visualizations can help bridge the US political divide over climate change

A new study from University of Wisconsin-Madison researcher Nan Li shows that integrating art with data visualizations can make climate data more meaningful to viewers and reduce political divides. Participants who saw the painting reported stronger positive emotions, while those shown only graphs did not.

SourceUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison·JournalCommunications Earth & Environment·DateJul 7, 2023

Why do we find so much amber in Cretaceous rocks?

Researchers discovered that coniferous forests spread across the planet during the Cretaceous period, allowing for high resin production and creating conditions suitable for mass formation of amber deposits. The study sheds new light on Earth's history, revealing insights into ancient ecosystems dominated by flowering plants.

SourceUniversity of Barcelona·JournalEarth-Science Reviews·TypeObservational study·DateJul 7, 2023

The great weight debate: Researchers find all forms of weightlifting build strength and muscle, details matter less

Researchers found that all forms of resistance training are beneficial for building strength and muscle, with details mattering less than previously thought. The study analyzed data from over 5,000 participants and found that complex prescriptions are sufficient but unnecessary for gains in strength and muscle size.

SourceMcMaster University·JournalBritish Journal of Sports Medicine·TypeSystematic review·DateJul 7, 2023

Uncovering secrets of plant regeneration

Researchers at Nara Institute of Science and Technology identified the WOX13 gene as a key negative regulator of shoot regeneration in plants. The study found that WOX13 inhibits a subset of shoot meristem regulators while directly activating cell wall modifier genes involved in cell expansion and differentiation.

SourceNara Institute of Science and Technology·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 7, 2023

Climate-neutral air travel: Is it possible?

Air traffic cannot become climate-neutral solely by replacing fossil fuels with synthetic ones; reductions in air traffic are necessary. Non-CO2 effects, like particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, play a major role in aviation's overall climate impact.

SourcePaul Scherrer Institute·JournalNature Communications·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateJul 7, 2023