A new study found that children's dietary diversity increases up to 80 kilometers from protected conservation areas in Cambodia and Myanmar, before declining at greater distances. The researchers also found that Indigenous populations had a higher likelihood of eating vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables around this distance.
A new method, pioneered by University of Sydney student Carra Williams, uses neutron computed tomography to identify well-preserved pockets of coral skeleton that can reveal precise timelines of sea-level and climate shifts. The technique has the potential to transform how scientists reconstruct ancient climates.
Researchers at MIT have developed a 3D-printable aluminum alloy that is five times stronger than traditionally manufactured versions. This breakthrough could lead to lighter and more efficient aircraft parts, such as fan blades in jet engines, reducing energy consumption and costs.
Scientists at MIT developed a method to predict how plasma in a tokamak will behave during rampdown, achieving high accuracy with limited data. This new model could significantly improve the safety and reliability of future fusion power plants.
A UVA researcher has created a new way to deliver sustained medical treatments using a polymer-based system that assembles itself inside the body. The technology uses hierarchical assembly to create precise, stable structures that hold and release multiple vaccine components over time.
Florida International University researchers have developed a defensive system called SHIELD that can detect and neutralize cyberattacks on drones in real time. The system allows the drone to finish its mission while providing robust recovery mechanisms, making it crucial for securing commercial drone use across industries.
A groundbreaking study by Florida Atlantic University researchers found that working with service dogs can slow cellular aging in female veterans. The study, which involved female veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder, revealed promising biological benefits associated with service dog training.
A 'genomic-first' approach can identify rare genetic disorders earlier and more frequently than standard genetic testing driven by clinical symptoms. The study found that a majority of participants with associated genetic variants did not have matching diagnoses in their electronic health records.
A UBC study found that young adults identifying as 2SLGBTQIA+ receive less affirming and inclusive sexual health education than their peers. Despite this, they demonstrate higher levels of sexual health literacy. The research highlights a gap in educational content and a wider public health issue.
A new study co-authored by Simon Fraser University researchers found that river widening can worsen flood impacts. River widening caused bottlenecks in the Meuse River, increasing water velocity and erosion potential. This led to devastating infrastructure damage and overflow above riverbanks.
Researchers developed ECODATA, an open-source tool for exploring animal movements in the wild by creating animations that help ecologists study animal movement, climate change and conservation efforts. The software combines direct wildlife location observations with complex remote sensing data to create customizable maps.
The partnership supports teacher candidates, pre-internship/field hours students, and in-service classroom teachers through collaborative inquiry, clinical practices, and partner schools.
Researchers at Wuzhou University and Guangzhou University in China explored gemstone polishing waste as a possible additive in cement. Their study found that the waste significantly enhances thermal conductivity up to 159% and reduces electrical resistivity by up to 94% in cement, revealing an unexpected potential for 'smart' materials.
A UBC study reveals that even modest increases in river flows can dramatically raise flood frequency, with major implications for infrastructure and community safety. The researchers call for a shift in flood management, focusing on tracking how often floods occur, rather than just their size.
A pilot study found that a prehabilitation program combining physical therapy, nutrition, and mindset support improved postoperative outcomes in older adults. Participants showed increased walking speeds and better physical function scores after surgery.
Professor Sakaguchi's Nobel Prize win recognizes his groundbreaking research on regulatory T cells, crucial for preventing excessive inflammation and autoimmune reactions. His work aims to develop new treatments for autoimmune diseases, allergies, cancer, and other conditions.
Gabrielle Tayac at George Mason University has received funding to support community engagement projects focusing on Indigenous America 250 programs. The project aims to develop interpretive educational products and provide site interpretation for optimal interpretation.
Scientists discovered that leafcutter ants with large loads perform fewer antennae taps per step, limiting their ability to perceive the trail. By reducing the load, they increase antennae taps, highlighting the impact of oversized loads on trail navigation.
Researchers use AI, omics, and systems biology to design targeted drugs for cardiovascular disease pathways. The tools could transform heart drug development and save lives, but global health policy leadership is urgently needed.
A team of Japanese researchers has uncovered the deformation processes that give Kanazawa gold leaf its remarkable thinness and brilliance. The study used electron microscopy to reveal the activation of a rare crystal slip system, providing insights into the traditional crafting technique.
Researchers have developed an AI model that creates a detailed map of the mouse brain featuring 1,300 regions/subregions. The CellTransformer model uses spatial transcriptomics data to identify previously uncharted subregions of the brain, opening new avenues for neuroscience exploration.
Researchers at City of Hope have identified a gene called SMOC1 that converts insulin-producing cells into those that increase blood sugar, shedding light on the progression of type 2 diabetes. This discovery offers new therapeutic targets and potential treatments for T2D.
Researchers at Columbia University have developed a way to create powerful frequency combs on a single chip, allowing for dozens of parallel data streams. This breakthrough enables compact and cost-effective solutions for data centers, portable spectrometers, and other applications.
Scientists have developed a DNA nanospring to measure the force of protein motors like KIF1A, which can lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The technique uses fluorescent imaging to detect the stretching of the DNA nanospring, allowing researchers to accurately measure the motor's power.
A recent study found that 97% of scientists agree chemicals can impact wildlife behavior, yet only 30% of industry respondents support behavioral tests in chemical safety assessments. The researchers advocate for consistent testing methods and better cooperation between sectors to address the risks.
The 'Envisioning Futures' report shines a spotlight on the journeys, achievements, and challenges faced by women research leaders in Japan, offering a roadmap for institutional change. The report highlights the importance of inclusion, resilience, and collective action to build a research ecosystem where all voices are heard.
Johns Hopkins researchers develop SafeTraffic Copilot, an AI-based tool that identifies risk factors contributing to car crashes across the US. The model provides data-based insights for infrastructure designers and policymakers to mitigate crashes and save lives.
A new review in Frontiers in Science calls for a fundamental shift in how heart drugs are discovered and tested using AI, omics, and big data. This approach could drive the development of personalized treatments for cardiovascular disease, which currently relies on broad-brush treatments that don't account for individual variability.
A new drug combination has shown promising results in delaying the progression of advanced prostate cancer in patients with specific genetic mutations. The trial, led by UCL researchers, found that combining niraparib with standard treatment delayed disease recurrence and improved survival rates for eligible patients.
The June 2023 heatwave significantly disrupted phytoplankton blooms and stressed marine species. Rapid climate change increases the likelihood of such events, with about a 10% chance occurring each year.
Researchers found that instructions improve recall more than emotional associations, but sleeping doesn't significantly impact memory. They discovered that sleep spindles are linked to better recall of negative words, while slow wave sleep negatively correlates with total recall.
Researchers found that over 30% of children referred for Alport syndrome testing at age 3 already required therapeutic intervention, highlighting the potential benefits of early detection. The study suggests introducing a urine testing system may enable intervention before kidney dysfunction onset.
A new study by the University of Surrey finds that solar energy has become the world's cheapest source of power, with costs ranging from £0.02 per unit in sunny countries. The research highlights the increasing adoption of hybrid systems combining solar panels with batteries to create a more reliable and dispatchable source of power.
A recent study by Nagoya University researchers has revealed that zebrafish have enlarged areas in their spinal cords, corresponding to the paired pectoral and pelvic fins. The findings suggest an evolutionary theory: when tetrapods evolved from fish, only the paired fins transformed into limbs, while unpaired fins disappeared.
A renowned geneticist, Dr. Martin Alda, has made a groundbreaking discovery that bipolar disorder is composed of multiple genetically distinct disorders, transforming treatment approaches worldwide. His research also highlights the importance of combining basic research with clinical observations to advance psychiatric care.
Researchers found that seabirds use different strategies to find food, with scent-tracking birds benefiting visually hunting birds. This study provides insights into complex systems and crowd behavior, informing conservation strategies for procellariiform seabirds.
A new study argues that plants cannot survive without a minimum water supply, regardless of their genetic drought tolerance. Effective water management strategies, such as modern irrigation systems and soil mulching, have consistently stabilized or boosted yields, while genetic advances provide little protection once soil moisture fall...
Akassoglou's research discovered that blood protein fibrin causes toxic immune reactions in the brain, leading to neurodegeneration and disease progression. Her new immunotherapy aims to neutralize these effects, protecting against Alzheimer's and other neurological conditions.
A new study reveals that abandoned illegal cannabis operations leave a lasting chemical legacy on California's public lands, threatening ecosystems and wildlife. Researchers found persistent pesticide and pharmaceutical contaminants at former grow sites in the Six Rivers, Shasta-Trinity, and San Bernardino National Forests.
An AI-driven irrigation management system developed by Texas A&M University students uses soil sensors, crop data, and weather forecasts to optimize watering. The system conserves water, reduces costs, and increases crop yields, addressing global issues of water scarcity and inequity.
Shimon Sakaguchi's groundbreaking discovery of peripheral immune tolerance revealed a major unknown mechanism for autoimmunity, cancer, and inflammatory diseases. His work led to the identification of regulatory T cells, which act as the immune system's 'security guards', ensuring balanced responses and preventing self-destruction.
Scientists have developed a programmable electronic circuit that harnesses high-frequency electromagnetic waves to perform complex parallel processing at light-speed. This breakthrough has the potential to power next-generation wireless networks, real-time radar, and advanced monitoring in various industries.
A new study found that nearly half of middle and high school students reported experiencing psychological distress, yet received insufficient advice on avoiding tobacco. Health professionals need to offer guidance and assistance to prevent tobacco use among vulnerable youth.
Researchers identify pesticide toxicity as a major concern, while PFAS accumulation poses long-term environmental risks. The study advocates for reducing the number of chemicals produced and used to ensure regulatory control over their impact on humans and the environment.
A new method for constructing heterojunctions using a small organic molecule containing multi-terminal pyridine and graphitic carbon nitride improves charge separation efficiency. This approach promotes the extensive deposition and uniform dispersion of metal atoms, leading to high photocatalytic hydrogen production rates.
Researchers have made significant strides in understanding post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), but a therapy to prevent its development remains elusive. Studies identify key barriers, including collaboration, funding, and standardization, and propose eight recommendations to advance PTE research. Potential therapies include disease modifica...
A new study shows that a multi-step effort to reduce unneeded pre-operative testing, using a tailored program for each hospital, can lead to significant reductions in wasteful tests. The findings have already spurred an expansion of the program to 16 more Michigan hospitals.
Researchers developed a nanotechnology strategy that reverses Alzheimer's disease by targeting the blood-brain barrier and restoring its natural waste-clearing pathway. The therapy achieved a significant reduction in amyloid-β levels and improved cognitive function in mouse models, showing promise for treating dementia.
Research reveals that Bifidobacterium breve in pregnant mothers regulates the placenta's hormone production, reducing complications and improving fetal growth. The study opens up a new approach to assessing pregnancy health through gut microbiome analysis.
A two-year field study reveals that biodegradable microplastics, often considered eco-friendly, are reshaping farmfield soils in unexpected ways. Bioplastics PLA reduced stable carbon compounds by 32% while boosting microbial necromass and fungal-dominated soil ecosystems.
A new study by researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that senior citizens prioritize social activities and inclusiveness over health. The study, which analyzed responses from over 388,000 patients aged 65 and older, also found that independence and family togetherness are important priorities for older adults.
The USC team created the first optical device that follows the emerging framework of optical thermodynamics, introducing a fundamentally new way to route light in nonlinear systems. The device uses simple thermodynamic principles to guide light naturally, without switches or digital addressing.
Researchers have developed a modified biochar made from biogas residue that can efficiently remove ammonium nitrogen from water. The potassium-permanganate-modified biochar achieved an adsorption capacity up to four times greater than unmodified biochar, making it a promising tool for environmental remediation.
Researchers found microplastic exposure changes the human gut microbiome, with some shifts resembling patterns linked to diseases. Microplastic-induced changes in microbial composition may serve as a bacterial stress response, potentially affecting overall well-being.
A study published in PLOS Biology finds no evidence of subcortical processing for selective attention, suggesting the auditory cortex 'turns up the volume' on focused sound. Researchers used novel experimental techniques to test this hypothesis using audiobooks and diotic and dichotic listening tasks.
Researchers found sulfur compounds with depleted sulfur-33 ratios in lunar mantle rock samples, contrasting with Earth's isotopic signatures. This discovery has implications for the evolution of the Moon and its potential exchange mechanisms.
The ASPIRE trial is a Phase III clinical study investigating whether adding chemotherapy to standard treatments can extend survival in men with advanced prostate cancer. The trial aims to determine the effectiveness of combining docetaxel with hormone therapy and apalutamide.
The project will develop prediction algorithms using AI and a novel cognitive assessment tool to identify individuals at high risk for crisis. The digital platform, available at no cost, will provide personalized models to predict clinical health outcomes, including symptom escalation, recovery time, and rehospitalization.
Researchers identified five behaviors that might make a caller seem suspicious, including conveying strong emotion and urgency, while poor communication or trying to make a favorable impression drew more suspicion. The study highlights the importance of understanding factors that prompt early suspicion to prevent wrongful convictions.
A new grading system for invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the lung has been proposed based on tumor budding, with tumors classified as low-grade (0-9 buds/0.785 mm²) or high-grade (≥10 buds/0.785 mm²). The system was validated in a test set and demonstrated improved prognostic accuracy and guide treatment decisions.