A cross-sectional study found that American Indian/Alaska Native populations are significantly farther away from lung cancer screening centers than non-Hispanic White populations. The researchers recommend increasing access to lung cancer services through mobile units and imaging locations to address these disparities.
Researchers have developed a method to create photon pairs that achieves higher performance on a much smaller device using less energy. The new device, measuring just 3.4 micrometers thick, has the potential to enable significant gains in energy efficiency and technical capabilities of quantum devices.
A recent study using ancient human remains found that Ukraine's genetic composition was highly diverse until around 500 years ago, influenced by migrations from various regions including Europe, Anatolia, and the Eurasian Steppe. The research reveals a complex history of population mixing in the region.
Researchers developed a 'volume dial' to amplify weak signals in the human body and environment. The system, called ROSALIND, can detect contaminants like E. coli and heavy metals at lower concentrations than previous models.
Research highlights differing trends in ADHD diagnoses among adolescents and adults, with a significant increase in adult diagnoses from 2020 to 2023. The study found a downward trend in ADHD incidence rates among both adults and adolescents between 2016 and 2020, but an upward trend among adults from 2020 to 2023.
Researchers developed polymer-derived SiHfBCN ceramic coating with excellent high-temperature conductivity and stability, suitable for wireless surface acoustic wave sensors. The coating's thickness remains consistent across different temperatures, indicating its stability in extreme environments.
Researchers have discovered a three-dimensional map within a quartzitic sandstone megaclast in the Paris Basin, created around 13,000 years ago. The miniature landscape model depicts natural water flows, valleys, and lakes, suggesting that early humans understood the importance of water flow and landscape features.
CITEC has announced its inaugural group of subawardees, who will develop innovative technologies for cancer detection and treatment in low-resource settings. The projects focus on improving HPV screening, developing deep learning algorithms for image analysis, and creating affordable microscopes for cancer screening.
Dr. Jennifer Jao has been selected as Co-Chair of the International Maternal Pediatric and Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) Network to guide critical work in improving HIV health outcomes globally. Dr. Jao's research focuses on pregnant individuals, children, and adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV.
A new study led by UCL researchers reveals that people at risk of hereditary dementia significantly impact their choices about having children and parenting. Genetic risk is viewed in the context of other factors, with concerns including practical and emotional challenges of caring for someone with familial frontotemporal dementia.
Researchers have successfully combined electrocatalysis and biocatalysis to produce methanol from carbon dioxide. The hybrid process uses enzymes to catalyze the final steps, achieving high selectivity and efficiency.
Researchers developed a cutting-edge method leveraging Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to predict mesozooplankton community dynamics and visualize their interactions. The study achieved remarkable improvements in forecasting accuracy by integrating inter-series relationships and temporal dependencies among input-variables.
Researchers investigated microwave heating in single-mode reactors to understand its effects on food components. They found that solution volume and type significantly influenced heating rate and uniformity, highlighting the need for controlled conditions.
A comprehensive review of camouflaged object detection research highlights the potential of deep learning in recognizing objects in complex scenarios. The review analyzes traditional and deep learning approaches, emphasizing practical contributions and theoretical frameworks.
Lekking, a mating system where males display for females without forming lasting bonds, is found to be remarkably stable and rarely evolves into other systems. In contrast, resource-defense polygamy is identified as fragile and frequently reverts to monogamy, often associated with higher extinction rates.
A research team at George Mason University is developing mixed reality and AI technologies to improve first responder training. They aim to reduce training-related risks and casualties by creating interactive scenarios that mimic real-world challenges.
The Zika virus hijacks the host protein ANKLE2 to assist its own reproduction, which is important for brain development. This interaction allows the virus to hide from the immune system and replicate more efficiently.
The study reveals five groups of barriers reinforcing each other, including corporate dominance and institutional shortcomings. A comprehensive framework is proposed to address these systemic challenges, emphasizing the importance of integrated political responses and context-sensitive solutions.
The study found that less than 3% of pain medications prescribed to NFL athletes were for opioids, with NSAIDs being the preferred first-line treatment. Most players did not receive any opioid prescriptions, indicating a safer approach to pain management in professional football.
Researchers at Rice University have successfully recycled carbon nanotube fibers without losing their structure or properties. The discovery positions CNT fibers as a sustainable alternative to traditional materials like metals and polymers, offering a solution to waste management problems in industries such as aerospace and automotive.
Researchers analyzed DNA of Chornobyl City and NPP dogs to detect genetic mutations, finding none despite long-term exposure to radiation and other toxins. The study implies that low-level environmental contamination could explain genetic differences between the two dog populations.
A new EU-funded project aims to develop innovative methods for recycling lanthanides, a rare earth group used in various industries, from nuclear waste. The MaLaR project will explore the use of graphene oxides as specific element scavengers to extract individual elements from synthetic mixtures.
The University of Arizona Health Sciences has been awarded a $3.9 million grant to address the shortage of primary care physicians in underserved communities in Arizona. The program aims to create more primary care and rural health admissions tracks and expand clinical experiences, ultimately increasing primary care residency matches.
Researchers at Uppsala University found that Semliki Forest virus penetrates the central nervous system by entering the cerebrospinal fluid and binding to VLDLR before penetrating deeper into the brain. This finding could be used to develop the virus as an agent for treating brain cancer.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that the genomes of dogs within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone did not exhibit genetic mutations from radiation exposure. Instead, researchers suggest that low-level environmental toxin exposure over many years may have contributed to genetic differences between dog populations. The findings offer ...
The use of plastic in Europe has skyrocketed, with each person generating an average of 36 kg of plastic packaging waste in 2021. KTU researchers conducted a macro-environmental analysis to examine six key areas influencing plastic packaging recycling, including outdated regulations and lower quality recycled plastics. This highlights ...
Preschool wheeze affects 30-40% of children under six, causing significant morbidity and healthcare costs. The UK has the second-highest prevalence in Europe, with inconsistent terminologies used by doctors contributing to diagnostic challenges.
Dr. Jenny Chang has been chosen to lead the Houston Methodist Academic Institute with expertise in cancer research and transformational leadership. She aims to expand clinical and translational research across the institution.
Corey Bentley, a Bay Area community leader, was named the American Heart Association's 2024 National Leader of Impact winner. He raised over $300,000 and educated colleagues on Hands-Only CPR, benefiting 80+ people.
A new study found that patients in ICU rooms with windows were more likely to develop delirium than those without windows. Researchers analyzed electronic medical records and observed a 5% increase in delirium cases in windowed rooms compared to non-windowed rooms.
Scientists have identified a metal-free carbon-nitrogen carbon-type hybrid electrocatalyst, CN@C, that enhances the selectivity of hydrogen peroxide production through an electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction. The findings show that CN@C outperforms other catalysts in terms of stability and durability.
The Arc Institute is collaborating with NVIDIA to develop powerful computational models and tools for biomedical research. The partnership aims to advance the capabilities of the global biomedical research community through the use of generative AI.
The Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care confirms that nicotine and varenicline are effective treatments for severe tobacco addiction. The meta-analysis found positive treatment effects independent of the severity of tobacco addiction.
A study by MIT researchers shows that households in Amsterdam reduced their energy consumption and costs by half after receiving better information and coaching. The experiment found that smart devices can help people change their habits, but only if accompanied by a close understanding of what drives behavior changes.
A recent study reveals that gut bacteria modify bile acids to control digestion, cholesterol levels, and fat metabolism. The body counters this influence by producing compounds that act as FXR antagonists, ensuring a finely tuned system.
Researchers will focus on novel non-plastic materials used for oyster reef restoration, evaluating their impact on surrounding marine habitats. The project aims to find solutions that bring the natural environment back after degradation from storms or human impact.
Researchers have successfully used long reads to identify the genetic causes of rare diseases in 93% of cases, surpassing traditional short read techniques. The technique, which can map methylation and sequence longer DNA segments, has shown promising results in detecting complex genetic mutations.
Researchers have discovered a new target for antibiotics, the methylerythritol phosphate pathway, which is essential for bacteria's energy metabolism. By blocking this pathway, bacteria can be killed without affecting human cells.
A new publication provides comprehensive guidance for public drinking water system staff on responding to wildfire damage, outlining key findings from previous disasters. The guidance aims to improve detection of chemical contamination, reduce customer notification delays, and restore safe drinking water delivery quickly.
Researchers have developed a cost-effective and high-efficiency maintenance technology using satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. This technology allows for widespread monitoring of surface displacement, enabling the accurate maintenance of infrastructures like waste landfill facilities.
The study estimates that half a million new cases of dementia will be reported annually by 2060, with the risk of developing dementia after age 55 being 42% among Americans. The increasing number of cases is linked to aging, genetic factors, and lifestyle choices such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and poor mental health.
Researchers found significant genomic variation across Oregon ash trees, influenced by location, demography and environmental adaptation. This variability could inform breeding programs for climate-resilient ash trees resistant to emerald ash borers and rising temperatures.
Researchers from Trinity College Dublin have developed 'Malteser-like' molecules that can be governed to produce predictable and desirable self-assembly structures. These molecules hold promise for applications in highly sensitive sensors, next-gen targeted drug delivery agents, and luminescence-based monitoring.
A systematic review and meta-analysis highlights the alarming burden of child sexual violence worldwide. The findings underscore the urgent need to improve data collection efforts, particularly in under-researched regions and among boys.
The University of Texas at Austin appoints Charles 'Charley' Taylor to lead a new Center for Computational Medicine, developing advanced medical applications and modeling. This move strengthens collaborations between Dell Medical School and the Oden Institute, driving innovation in health and technology.
The Fourth Transatlantic Exchange in Oncology Conference will focus on Radiopharmaceutical Therapy Meets Oncology, with key presentations on precision oncology and radioligand therapies. The meeting aims to facilitate the exchange of information and talents toward one goal: curing cancer.
A new dual-functional RO membrane has been developed to reduce biofouling in water purification, desalination, and wastewater treatment. The membrane demonstrates broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and resistance to various foulants, making it suitable for a range of applications.
Researchers from the Keck School of Medicine of USC found an association between levels of manmade “forever chemicals” in drinking water and certain digestive, endocrine, respiratory, and mouth and throat cancers. The study estimated that PFAS contamination contributes to 6,864 cancer cases per year.
The Hubble Space Telescope has discovered a rare blue lurker star in the open cluster M67, which is spinning much faster than expected. The star's unusual behavior suggests it siphoned material from a companion star, leading to its high spin rate and unique evolutionary history as part of a triple-star system.
The Lunar Magnetotelluric Sounder (LMS) instrument will characterize the Moon's mantle by measuring electric and magnetic fields, providing insights into its material differentiation and thermal history. The LMS instrument is part of a 14-day lunar lander mission to explore the Moon's subsurface in a previously unexplored location.
Researchers found microvascular trouble to be an early biomarker for dementia and potential target for therapy. People with memory problems showed blood vessel dysfunction, regardless of Alzheimer's-related brain changes.
Researchers at the University of Jyväskylä and the University of Liverpool directly observed three different deformations in the atomic nucleus of lead-190. These shapes - spherical, oblate, and prolate - coexist near the ground state, posing a significant challenge to nuclear theory.
Researchers develop phase-matching-free technique for generating octave-spanning coherent broadband light using ultrathin crystals. The innovation produces a light source with superior coherence and efficiency compared to conventional methods.
A team led by Penn State's College of Information Sciences and Technology will use computer vision and machine learning to accelerate weather forecast processing, improving predictions and reducing delays. The research aims to integrate satellite data into current forecasting models, enhancing accuracy and speed.
A study from the University of Georgia found that about half of social media users have invested in digital currencies, with men and those with high risk tolerance being more likely to do so. On the other hand, people with higher education levels were less likely to invest. Investing in crypto comes with risks, such as volatility and u...
A cohort study reports that most children and young adults with MIS-C recover quickly and have a good midterm prognosis. The study suggests that although the disease can be severe during its acute phase, it is not typically long-term.
A team of researchers from UniTrento examined how ants manage traffic congestion using pheromone trails and observed individual ant movements. Their findings could provide a model for optimizing autonomous vehicle traffic flow, reducing congestion and emissions.
Scientists at the University of Stuttgart have developed a new tool for synthetic biology using DNA nanorobots that can alter artificial cells. These nanorobots enable the formation of transport channels in synthetic cell membranes, allowing large molecules to pass through and facilitating the transportation of therapeutic proteins.
Integrated care, combining medication and comprehensive counseling with tobacco treatment specialists, significantly improves quitting chances among smokers undergoing lung cancer screening. This randomized clinical trial found nearly two-fold improvement in quitting rates compared to other cessation methods.
A vascular fingerprint on the retina can predict stroke risk with high accuracy, combining well with age and sex. The study analyzed 68,753 UK Biobank participants and found that specific retinal parameters were significantly associated with increased stroke risk.