MXene terminal groups significantly influence its properties, such as electrical, optical, magnetic, and mechanical behavior. By custom-tailoring these terminal groups, researchers can create MXenes suitable for targeted applications, including thermoelectric materials and superconductors.
A recent study reveals a significant increase in desert dust pollution in southern Europe, with concentrations more than twice as high as in central and northern regions. The study also highlights the potential health risks of elevated desert dust levels, particularly for respiratory problems.
Researchers discovered that niobium diselenide and TaS₂ exhibit two strongly interacting superconducting states, resolving a long-standing mystery about their behavior. This finding provides new insight into superconductivity and could aid in designing better superconducting materials for future technologies.
A recent study published by the University of Sydney found that dexamphetamine and methylphenidate are equally effective in treating ADHD in children, with no significant differences in symptom improvement. However, children taking dexamphetamine experienced greater weight loss compared to those taking methylphenidate.
A Southwest Research Institute-led study proposes a connection between an asteroid collision and an inner-solar-system-wide bombardment episode 800 million years ago. The research suggests that the catastrophic breakup of the Eulalia parent body may have led to widespread impacts on Earth, coinciding with biological and geological chan...
Researchers found a high frequency of MIR142 gene mutations (37.1%) in primary CNS DLBCL, exceeding systemic DLBCL data. The study suggests that these mutations may disrupt miRNA function and require further investigation for potential clinical applications.
AC004854.2 is significantly upregulated in colorectal cancer tissues and correlates with poor clinical outcomes, increased tumor aggressiveness, and reduced overall survival. It disrupts the PUF60–FUBP1 complex and activates c-MYC transcription, driving CRC malignancy.
One in 11 Australian kids has high blood pressure, often symptom-free, which can damage young bodies for years before it's picked up. Lifestyle changes such as improving diet, increasing physical activity, and reducing salt intake can reverse or delay the need for medical intervention.
A comprehensive review in Biomedical Analysis assesses the current state and future of direct mass spectrometry for quality control, safety, and authentication of herbal medicines. The technology offers a dynamic way to ensure the safety and proper processing of potent herbal medicines by monitoring toxic compounds in real-time.
The meeting will explore breakthroughs in diabetes prevention and treatment, as well as innovative approaches to monitoring astronauts' health in space. Researchers will also discuss potential targets for slowing or preventing Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome, and advancements in cervical cancer screening.
A buildup of bile acids caused by an unhealthy gut can drive breast cancer to other parts of the body, researchers reveal. The study found that replenishing beneficial bacteria or treating patients with FDA-approved bile acid sequestrants may reduce breast cancer metastasis.
A federal nicotine reduction strategy could drive U.S. smoking rates below 1% in 14 years, preventing millions of premature deaths and boosting productivity by $298 billion. Implementing such a policy would also significantly close smoking disparity gaps for individuals with major depression.
Researchers developed a nanoparticle system that uses cancer cells' own copper resources to activate cuproptosis, eliminating tumor cells while protecting healthy tissue. The targeted nanoparticles showed enhanced cellular uptake and were more lethal to breast cancer cells than non-targeted versions.
Researchers tested 54 avocado oil-labeled products and found 48 contained other oils. The study used fatty acids and sterols to verify authenticity, but 89% of products still failed due to adulteration. Food companies may not detect adulterated oil without rigorous testing.
Astronomers have discovered a third planet, Beta Pictoris d, in the system, which is 100 times fainter than Beta Pictoris b and 2.4 times more massive than Jupiter. The planet's wide orbit and extreme faintness make its detection a significant achievement.
The symposium marked the hospital's designation as a research-oriented hospital, featuring discussions on collaborative research ecosystems at various levels. Participants engaged in sessions covering future directions, strengthening regional and industry collaborations, and real-world cases of research commercialization.
A scoping review suggests astrocytic dysfunction may precede neuronal degeneration in CTE. Astrocytes' dysregulation contributes to the development of CTE's characteristic features through mechanisms including astrogliosis, disrupted waste clearance pathways, and chronic neuroinflammation.
A new study by Hanyang University researchers found that carbon-based pricing can increase pro-environmental behavioral intentions among tourists. Participants who knew wasteful consumption could increase their costs reported stronger conservation intentions.
The study reveals that local political connections and strong NGO support are crucial for securing formal recognition of customary land rights. Communities with influential leaders and advocacy organizations like AMAN tend to succeed, while those without face significant hurdles. The researchers propose simplifying bureaucratic procedu...
The Reticular Science Prize for Emerging Scholars and Innovators is awarded biennially to researchers with ten years or less of post-doctoral experience. The inaugural award will be presented at EuroMOF 2027, with a silver medal, $2,500 monetary award, and a certificate signed by the selection committee members.
Researchers from 12 countries have launched a global effort to document and study 'heritage' diets before they are lost. These diets, shaped by local environments and traditions, may hold vital clues to better health.
Research reveals a link between socio-economic factors and health outcomes for adults with congenital heart disease, highlighting the need for improved access to specialized cardiac care.
Research finds biodiversity delivers largest gains under extreme drought in drier grasslands, with stronger effects from species complementarity. In contrast, forests show no comparable context dependence under extreme drought.
Hydrogen displays varying behavior when in vanadium, but researchers have now discovered the role of crystal symmetry in controlling its quantum behavior. Highly symmetric structures allow hydrogen to tunnel between sites, while distorted structures suppress this effect.
A new collaborative study found loneliness strongly linked to poorer mental health and lower wellbeing, as well as worse general health. The research suggests that supporting people who feel lonely or socially isolated could help improve mental health and overall health.
Annual Reviews expands its event capabilities by acquiring Underline Science, enabling it to support scholarly societies and conference organizers globally. The acquisition combines conference expertise with AR's existing research community engagement, allowing organizations to strengthen stakeholder engagement and reach new audiences.
A new class of photoswitchable small molecule drugs has been developed to restore key visual functions in animal models of blindness. These compounds mimic the function of photoreceptor cells and show remarkable effectiveness at restoring sight using a simple and potentially patient-friendly approach.
Researchers found that brain-computer interface training improved the perception of smaller visuo-motor errors, whereas traditional behavioral training only enhanced detection for larger rotations. The training also showed contributions from brain regions controlling decision-making and visuospatial processing.
Research finds that medaka sperm velocity decreases by 20% after consecutive spawning, impacting fertilization rates. Sperm counts also vary between single and multiple-mating groups.
Researchers have developed a new version of the Daydreaming algorithm, which combines learning and cleaning to improve artificial memory systems' reliability even with biased data. The algorithm focuses on differences between pixels, allowing it to work effectively with strongly biased data, similar to real-world conditions.
A blood-based test for the biomarker p-tau217 has been shown to predict the risk of developing cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease up to a decade earlier than previously thought. The study found that individuals with very high levels of p-tau217 had a 38% absolute risk of developing cognitive impairment over five years, and...
A new large-scale study estimates that roughly one-third of women experience perimenopause uncertainty, which is prevalent due to knowledge gaps, symptom confusion, and healthcare barriers. The study found that younger women are more likely to cite knowledge gaps, while older women face greater challenges with accessing care.
A study found microplastics in 92% of deep-sea snails and mussels from hydrothermal vents over 2,000 meters below the surface. The presence and accumulation of microplastics vary depending on feeding behavior and regional differences in ocean circulation.
A blood test measuring phosphorylated tau 217 (P-tau217) can estimate an individual's risk of developing cognitive impairment over 2, 5, and 10 years. Higher P-tau217 levels are associated with increased risk of progression to cognitive impairment in cognitively unimpaired older adults.
Researchers found that elephants' bone-conduction hearing is significantly improved due to their larger middle ear structures and ability to voluntarily close their ear canals. This allows them to transmit lower frequency sounds to the cochlea, enhancing low-frequency hearing by up to 30 times
A study has identified a set of plasma proteins that can be used to diagnose and monitor patients with Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). The researchers created a molecular disease trajectory, which identifies key sets of genes involved in the disease progression.
A new review article proposes a gene-to-landscape framework to assess aquatic ecosystem health, predicting collapse and tipping points. The framework spans four interconnected scales, integrating molecular signals and landscape stability for early warning systems.
A recent breakthrough allows independently trained AI models to trade capabilities and boost overall performance when merged into a single system. By modifying just one core layer, the 'SyMerge' framework enables mutually beneficial synergy between models, solving the long-standing problem of task interference.
Scientists developed a 2D thermo-optic modulation platform using QD film based micro-ring resonators, achieving a 19.77-fold increase in tuning sensitivity and a 50-fold improvement in modulation speed compared to conventional devices. The hybrid system enables real-time high-speed reconfiguration with enhanced performance and reduced ...
Flexible electromagnetic induction-type tactile sensors offer a promising route for low-power, robust and self-powered interfaces. The researchers provided a systematic roadmap for development, including application-oriented design and multimodal integration with other sensing mechanisms.
A new mixed-frequency heterodyne demodulation (MHD) architecture has been developed to address limitations of existing multi-gas LITES systems. The novel architecture enables simultaneous detection of two gas species, achieving low-crosstalk detection and excellent linearity.
A new study reveals that tiny gaps in ultra-thin devices can strongly influence unwanted electrical leakage. Researchers found that conventional expectations about insulating materials can change at the atomic scale, requiring engineers to consider the full device structure.
A Hong Kong-based research team found that home-based exercise videos increase children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity by 6-7 minutes. Parent support strategies grounded in Self-Determination Theory also help sustain motivation and meet psychological needs, leading to improved overall physical activity levels.
A new study tracks the spatiotemporal evolution of photogenerated holes in a facet-engineered bismuth vanadate photocatalyst. The research reveals three sequential steps: ultrafast charge separation, defect-state trapping, and rapid interfacial hole transfer mediated by oxygen-related defects.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that retain their protective coating in normal tissue but shed it upon reaching tumor tissue, releasing anticancer drugs. This technology reduces systemic side effects and enhances treatment efficacy.
A simple outdoor flood alarm is being developed by a UT Hydrology professor to detect life-threatening floods as water rises on individual properties. The low-tech alarm triggers a loud warning and light when water reaches a preset height, making it reliable during emergencies.
A new study of penguins and krill found that repeated predator disturbance can alter prey behavior, leading to functional prey depletion. Penguins had to dive deeper and travel farther to encounter prey, but feeding rates remained unchanged once prey were encountered.
A study found that some toad populations recover from a deadly fungus due to the early maturation of antimicrobial peptides in their tadpole stage. This immunity allows them to survive as adults, suggesting that environmental factors such as temperature may play a role in disease progression.
A new study by University of Notre Dame economist Santosh Kumar Gautam found that India's universal immunization programme significantly reduced infant and under-five mortality rates. However, the programme had mixed effects on educational attainment, with some regions seeing increased primary school completion while others experienced...
The strategic alliance combines Insilico's Pharma.AI platform with Bora's global capabilities to explore a next-generation drug innovation model. The partnership aims to accelerate Bora's transition towards AI-driven drug discovery and development, leveraging Insilico's comprehensive research and development strategies.
Researchers developed a high-resolution monitoring approach combining drone-based multispectral imaging with ensemble machine learning models. The method revealed how surrounding industrial, agricultural, residential, and green areas influence water quality in urban rivers.
A new study reveals that macrophages, a key immune cell type, age differently across tissues and between sexes. The researchers found that aging macrophages become more focused on responding to stress and cellular damage, but lose some molecular programs involved in maintaining healthy tissue structure.
Researchers created a platform to study chronic pancreatitis pathogenesis and identify potential treatments by generating patient-derived organoids. The organoids revealed consistent dysfunction in the CFTR protein, which may be a future effective therapeutic target.
A gene therapy approach has restored several disease-relevant traits in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome, including reduced seizure susceptibility and improved brain activity markers. The study's findings suggest that restoring the FMRP protein could improve symptoms such as sensory hypersensitivity and repetitive behavior.
Patients who suffered a serious heart attack had higher levels of micro and nanoplastics in their blood compared to those with chronic ischemic heart disease and normal coronary arteries. The study also revealed that people exposed to higher levels of air pollution and smokers had higher levels of microplastics in their blood.
Higher cultural engagement is associated with lower physiological ageing and improved health markers. Adults who participate in frequent cultural activities have a younger physiological age, suggesting that cultural engagement can help support healthy ageing.
Researchers developed Buffer-and-Reinforce framework to preserve AI safety during personalized fine-tuning, maintaining high safety even in extreme settings. The framework achieved strong customized performance and state-of-the-art safety without additional safety data or increased computational cost.
Astronomers at Durham University have discovered the most distant example of a compact, star-forming structure at the heart of a galaxy, dating back over nine billion years. This finding reveals clear evidence of a nuclear disc forming at an early stage in cosmic history.
A study found that children born during the first COVID-19 lockdown in England had lower executive function skills, including difficulty focusing and regulating emotions. Overall language scores were at or above expected levels, but expressive language skills were below average.
A study on the lemon frost gecko, a pet reptile prone to aggressive tumours, has identified genomic changes associated with cancer. The findings may provide insights into why some animals are more susceptible to cancer than others.