Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
Researchers at The University of Osaka developed a light-responsive adhesive that can selectively detach from an illuminated surface without residue. The adhesive can be reused after heating, demonstrating reversible interfacial switching
Researchers have mapped the complete neural wiring behind taste in an animal, tracing taste signals from sensory neurons to motor neurons that drive feeding. The study reveals neural pathways that could explain how taste triggers anticipatory insulin release before a single calorie is absorbed.
A recent study suggests that cerebral palsy (CP) may be a collection of symptoms that can occur in various conditions, rather than a single disease with genetic causes. The research found that only 89 of 515 genes previously linked to CP have a statistically significant association with the condition.
Researchers tested 50 top genetic prediction tools against 13.5 million mutations, finding most programs overestimate rare, harmless mutations and underestimate more common ones. The tools' bias is due to their focus on conserved regions, which can be more prone to mutations in certain areas of the genome.
A multidisciplinary study in ancient Gansu found no evidence of direct population influx with western-derived agriculture, suggesting cultural diffusion through the Inner Asian Mountain Corridor. Genetic analysis also revealed complex kinship networks and burial customs, with no strict alignment between genetic ancestry and archaeologi...
Researchers summarize a systematic overview of polarization optical metrology for linear birefringence in transparent anisotropic media. The review discusses physical origins, measurement methods, and applications, including residual stress analysis, advanced material characterization, and biomedical imaging.
A research team at Tohoku University and Islamic Azad University developed a mathematical solution to simulate heat propagation through rods when heated simultaneously. They used a matrix equation to calculate the complementary error function, enabling rapid simulation of heat transfer.
A team of researchers created a micro-3D-printed, monolithic optical system that co-integrates micro-scale imaging and ring-illumination in a single fiber bundle endoscope. The compact system achieves a resolution of micro-scale imaging in air and biomedical liquids, enabling future endoscopes for less invasive imaging procedures.
Researchers developed an engineered nanoplatform that targets the spleen to reprogram immune cells into antitumoral immune warriors. This approach effectively blocks postsurgical tumor recurrence and demonstrates potential for preoperative neoadjuvant immunotherapies.
When cells experience ER stress, they possess a mechanism that detects changes in their membrane lipid state and suppresses intracellular transport via transcription. This mechanism is triggered by an increase in phosphatidic acid (PA) levels in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, leading to the suppression of COPII vesicle formation.
Denmark's unique approach to prenatal care, including universal syphilis screening, has led to zero congenital syphilis cases since 2016. The study found nearly 100% screening coverage and a stable trend in syphilis infections, but no increase in congenital syphilis cases, indicating a well-functioning healthcare system.
A new machine-learning tool detects illicit stablecoin transactions with high accuracy, helping compliance teams to act on real threats while sparing innocent users. The tool separates distinct types of illicit behavior, such as cybercrime and sanctioned wallets, allowing for more targeted action.
Scientists identify previously unrecognized mathematical property explaining why widely used evolutionary statistical models can produce convincing but incorrect conclusions. A new decomposition of Markov models revealed hidden symmetries, allowing researchers to answer long-standing questions about species diversity.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison have designed a new tin-based perovskite with built-in protection against air and moisture, addressing one of the biggest challenges facing tin-based perovskite solar cells. The new material achieved 16.2% efficiency and remained stable during extended testing.
Researchers identified the origin of the 'beating' signal in a quantum material, revealing that it arises from the overlap of two different quantum oscillations. This discovery provides a key criterion for interpreting signals of topological quantum devices and realizing desired electronic states.
A new study reveals that climate models struggle to accurately represent Southern Ocean clouds, which significantly impact Earth's energy balance. The research team found that cloud phase and temperature are more important factors in simulating the Southern Ocean's surface energy budget than simply reproducing cloud frequency.
Sir Stephen Fry has been appointed as the new Patron of the Primate Society of Great Britain, following Jane Goodall's passing. The PSGB works on conservation, research, and education to protect primates and their habitats, facing threats from habitat loss and climate change.
New research suggests that declining UV radiation may alter plant–microbe interactions and carbon cycling in Antarctic tundra. The weakened carbon sink can amplify respiratory carbon loss, particularly in eastern lowland tundra where penguin activity is strong.
ISTA researchers have secured 5 ERC Starting Grants to fund innovative projects in AI, astrophysics, and optics. The grants will support early-career researchers in understanding bacterial immune systems and developing new microscope techniques to study elusive quantum matter.
A new study used neural networks to reveal how different kinds of training can change how learning happens. Training a simpler task first made neural networks respond more accurately to complex tasks, mirroring how living brains learn.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have demonstrated that incorporating satellite measurements of water vapor isotopes into weather models improves forecasts of atmospheric conditions. This addition leads to more accurate weather forecasts, particularly for heavy rainfall predictions.
Researchers discovered that immune cells contributing to neurodegeneration originate in the lymph nodes outside the brain, and blocking these instructions can mitigate neurodegeneration. The study suggests a new pathway to halt or slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease and other primary tauopathies.
A groundbreaking study reveals that electron spin influences chemical reactions at surfaces, and controlling spin orientation with magnetic fields can dramatically change reaction rates. The study demonstrates the potential for spin-based control of surface chemistry, opening up new possibilities for selective catalysis and reactivity.
Researchers have identified a potential new target for preventing preterm labour, targeting a specific group of proteins in the uterus muscle that can suppress human uterine contractions and delay preterm birth in a preclinical model. The study, published in Communications Medicine, highlights a promising avenue for developing new drug...
Researchers found that venetoclax effectively targets and blocks Bcl-2, reducing SIV reservoir levels in nonhuman primate model. The study results, reported in Nature Microbiology, offer hope for accelerating the timeline to cure HIV.
The AI BioDesign accelerator will generate open models, datasets, and tools to create new biological solutions for human health and environmental challenges. The goal is to learn and model the rules biology uses to build life, enabling the development of new drugs, enzymes, and biological computers.
Scientists at the University of Leeds developed an AI model that rapidly identifies plant proteins capable of acting as emulsifiers, cutting years of costly trial-and-error research. The model has already identified nearly 800 promising plant proteins, many of which had never been considered for this purpose.
A new parametric design framework transforms flat paper sheets into self-folding helical sensors that measure biosignals. The approach combines sustainable materials with a simple software-guided design process, enabling rapid production of customized wearable electronics.
Researchers at Ritsumeikan University discovered a bacterial selenoprotein that uses a unique selenium–sulfur–heme catalytic center to reduce polysulfides during elemental sulfur respiration. The enzyme, MccSep, is crucial for understanding the sulfur cycle and has implications for environmental monitoring and biocatalyst development.
Researchers developed V-UNet, a novel model combining global and local information to address noise and redundant information in medical images. The model achieved competitive segmentation performance while maintaining low computational requirements, promising a more efficient and robust AI-assisted medical image analysis.
A Swedish registry study found that IBD patients with multiple close relatives having colorectal cancer are significantly more likely to develop the disease. The study suggests that future cancer screening guidelines should consider the number of cancer cases in a patient's family.
Researchers at Nagoya University have built a graphene nanoribbon that can switch its twist using a natural solvent, opening opportunities for new optical switches, chemical sensors, and spintronic components. The discovery uses a natural chiral liquid to lock in a single spiral direction, with a high degree of helical bias.
A new study by NYU Langone Health found a genetic link between GLP-1 use and increased risk of male-pattern hair loss. The study, published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology, showed that men using GLP-1 medications for weight loss had a 7% added risk of losing their hair due to the medication
A new probabilistic method, Bayesian Probabilistic Data Association via Gaussian Mixture Models, improves trajectory accuracy and semantic mapping quality in robots. The approach reduces duplicate registrations and handles ambiguous observations, enabling more stable and reliable object-level maps.
A new report from the American Psychological Association warns that student engagement with EdTech is not the same as learning, and that generative AI tools pose particular risks. The report recommends prioritizing tools that build durable knowledge and skills, and exercising caution when introducing AI tools into learning environments.
Researchers develop biodegradable nanobone material that activates body's own healing properties to regrow bone, reducing need for invasive procedures. The material generates 80% more new bone than a material control and activates a key bone-repair growth factor with 10 times the level achieved using conventional methods.
Researchers found that combining CDK2 inhibitors with immunotherapy eradicated colorectal and breast cancers in animal models. CDK2 activity restricts immune-related gene expression, enabling tumors to resist immune checkpoint inhibitors. The strategy may be widely applicable to a range of cancers.
A new adaptive computing architecture is developed to improve forecasting of chaotic systems, such as weather patterns and ocean currents. The system uses a reconfigurable memristor array to change its physical connections, achieving improved accuracy over fixed-topology reservoir hardware.
Researchers at Tohoku University have identified a key molecule, AKT5, that promotes leaf stalk growth in plants. By understanding AKT5's function, scientists can develop efficient high-density cropping systems and boost agricultural productivity.
The review proposes a systematic roadmap for designing next-generation electrolyte additives that can boost discharge potential, utilization efficiency, and specific energy in aqueous Mg batteries. It highlights an often-overlooked contributor to anode self-discharge and introduces two strategic frameworks for binary additive design: m...