Researchers found that raloxifene stimulates cell growth in ovarian adenocarcinoma cells with estrogen receptors, increasing the risk of recurrence. The study suggests caution for women with a history of breast cancer and estrogen receptor-positive ovarian cancer.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center are performing the first amniotic exchange procedure in the US to treat gastroschisis. The procedure involves removing caustic amniotic fluid and replacing it with sterile saline solution to improve fetal outcomes.
A USC study found that administering a drug to lower insulin resistance in women at high risk for type 2 diabetes successfully prevents or stalls its onset. The study tested whether reducing the demands on beta cells could prevent diabetes in Latinas with recent gestational diabetes.
A new test combining a vinegar solution with an HPV test accurately detects precancerous lesions and reduces false positives among African women, potentially saving thousands of lives. The test could be easily administered at home or in clinics, making it a game-changer for cervical cancer screening in developing countries.
A new report by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill indicates a slight decrease in primary-care physicians in North Carolina, while showing significant growth in other healthcare professions. The number of primary-care specialists decreased by 16 doctors between 1998 and 1999, despite an overall positive trend.
A new study from UCSF found that postmenopausal women with normal Pap smear results may not need annual screening, as the benefits are small and the risk of false-positive testing is high. Researchers also discovered that hormone replacement therapy did not significantly affect cervical cellular abnormalities.
A long-term study of 62 white female participants aged 12-20 found that oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use did not impact their peak bone mass or hip bone mineral density, contrary to theoretical concerns. The findings are significant as they address the needs of young women who are concerned about body changes during adolescence.
A new study published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology suggests that low-risk women who have had previous cesarean deliveries may benefit from trial of labor, which can reduce maternal fevers and need for transfusion or hysterectomy, while increasing small risk to the baby
A Yale physician has performed five endoscopic procedures using high-definition television (HDTV), increasing image sharpness by more than double. The miniaturized HDTV camera system provided the best image ever seen, enabling accurate and minimally invasive surgeries with reduced costs and rapid recovery times.
A study by Drs. Rebecca Sue Broyles and Jon Tyson found that comprehensive care reduced life-threatening illnesses and intensive care days by 48% and 42%, respectively. Comprehensive care also saved an average of $6,265 per infant compared to routine care.
A Canadian Institutes of Health Research-funded study found that full-term breech presentation is safest with a planned caesarian section. Babies in the caesarian group were 3-4 times less likely to die or have serious problems within six weeks, especially in developed countries.
Researchers at Northwestern University are conducting six studies on the role of diet and hormones in breast cancer prevention and development, as well as innovative translational therapies.
Women taking tamoxifen for breast cancer prevention don't need regular uterine biopsies to detect early endometrial cancer. Abnormal vaginal bleeding is a more effective indicator of the rare but curable condition.
Dr. Sherwin's research suggests that estrogen replacement therapy prevents some of the decline in verbal memory and ability to learn new material in postmenopausal women. This effect has been observed even in women who underwent surgical removal of their ovaries, which led to a sudden drop in estrogen levels.
Researchers at UIC College of Medicine are developing a powerful new prenatal diagnostic technique to detect genetic abnormalities in fetal blood cells. The technique, using fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH), will identify defects in individual genes and could potentially be used by all women who wish to undergo screening.
A new study published in Fertility and Sterility suggests that most infertile men cope with their situation well, with no significant differences among three groups of men. The researchers found that fertile men reported higher stress levels compared to those with low or no sperm count or unexplained infertility.
A study found that a testosterone skin patch can relieve impaired sexual functioning in surgically menopausal women. The patch restored normal testosterone levels, leading to improved sexual activity and pleasure, as well as overall psychological well-being. Adverse side effects were minimal.
A preliminary study suggests that estrogen can effectively boost mood in women experiencing depression during perimenopause. The hormone significantly improved symptoms such as early morning awakening and loss of enjoyment, with relief achieved within three weeks.
A UCSF study found that women who have had a hysterectomy are at a higher risk of developing urinary incontinence by age 60, with a 60% increased risk compared to those who have not undergone the surgery. Incontinence often develops several years after the procedure and can significantly impact quality of life.
A new prenatal screening test has been developed to detect Down syndrome cases in the first trimester, identifying over 90% of cases. The test combines a blood test and an ultrasound exam, detecting more cases than traditional triple tests and providing earlier reassurance to pregnant women.
A new UCSF study found that women with advance provision of emergency contraception are three times more likely to use it than those who only received information. The study also found no increase in high-risk sex behavior among women using the morning-after pill.
A new screening test combining blood and ultrasound exams can identify over 90% of Down syndrome cases in the first trimester of pregnancy. The test, Ultrascreen, has the advantage of detecting more cases earlier than traditional tests.
A US study found that women with recent normal Pap smear results have a similar low rate of significant cellular abnormalities regardless of the time interval between screenings. The study suggests that some women may not need to be screened annually, and that less frequent screening may be safe for low-risk women.
The California Family PACT program has significantly reduced the number of unintended pregnancies among low-income women in California. The program saved over $512 million in public expenditures by providing comprehensive family planning services to more than 1.5 million clients, including education, counseling, and clinical services.
A recent UCSF study found that older women experiencing frequent urge incontinence are 26% more likely to fall and 34% more likely to fracture a bone. This increased risk is attributed to the need to frequently urinate at night, leading to trips and falls.
A new study suggests that proteins alphav-beta3 and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) may serve as biomarkers for identifying women with endometriosis-related infertility. The research found a marked reduction in embryo implantation in mice injected with peritoneal fluid from infertile women with endometriosis.
A study by UCSF researchers found evidence of faulty DNA repair in some infertile men, similar to those with certain cancers. The study suggests that defective DNA repair may be a reason for male infertility and potentially increase the risk of offspring infertility and cancer.
The data from an ongoing Phase 1/2 trial of O-Vax in patients with advanced ovarian cancer indicates that the vaccine induces a positive immunological response, as measured by a delayed type hypersensitivity test. Favorable clinical responses were also observed, including complete regression of tumors and normalization of CA-125 levels.
Researchers have reported promising results from a Phase I-II trial of an ovarian cancer vaccine made from patient's own cancer cells. Eight of 10 patients showed immunological response, with one experiencing complete tumor disappearance and CA125 levels normalization.
Maternal mortality remains a global health problem, despite significant international efforts. A new $4.95 million grant will aid in developing tools to diagnose and treat ectopic pregnancy, prevent preeclampsia, and identify women at risk of life-threatening infections.
A Yale study shows irregular fetal heartbeats are a sign of serious problems in only one to two percent of affected fetuses, not warranting immediate treatment. The review of 5,566 fetal echocardiograms confirms that most fetuses with irregular heartbeats do not need medication.
New research reveals that menstrual function matures rapidly after the first period, accompanied by a surge in hormones, rather than gradually over four to six years as previously thought. This finding has significant implications for adolescent pregnancy prevention and contraception initiation.
Researchers successfully differentiated human placental cells by adjusting gap size in a fibrous-bed bioreactor, mimicking the body's natural process. The breakthrough may aid organ production for transplantation and has implications for tissue engineering and cancer research.
A new study by Michigan Medicine researchers found that physically demanding work significantly increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth and low birth weight. The authors recommend improving national maternity leave policies to provide workers with pay, health benefits, and job security.
A new study found that women taking lower-dose birth control pills experienced fewer side effects, such as bloating and breast tenderness, compared to those taking traditional 35 mcg pills. The study also showed that these lower-dose pills provided equally good contraceptive protection.
A recent study published in Obstetrics and Gynecology found that 92% of women experienced a decrease in symptoms after hysterectomy, leading to improved quality of life. The surgery provided significant relief from painful symptoms such as pelvic pain, urinary incontinence, and fatigue.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University have successfully cloned an identical monkey named Tetra using embryo splitting. This breakthrough method shows promise for accelerating discoveries in human diseases like Alzheimer's, AIDS, and cancer.
A new study at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found that newer oral contraceptives may reduce the risk of heart problems for women who smoke. The study compared the cardiovascular responses to stress among healthy women taking different formulations of the drugs, including those with smoking habits.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a non-invasive procedure using Doppler ultrasound to detect fetal anemia, which can save up to $50 million annually. The new method is more accurate than traditional invasive tests and does not pose any risk to the mother or fetus.
A new ovarian tumor index helps physicians accurately diagnose ovarian tumors as either cancerous or benign. The index uses real-time ultrasound findings, patient age, and other characteristics to provide a valuable way for clinicians to plan further testing, surgery, or other clinical management.
A Yale study reveals that postmenopausal women's ovaries are often removed during hysterectomy due to geographical location and surgeon experience, sparking concerns about informed consent. The research highlights significant variation in oophorectomy rates across different areas of the state and among surgeons with varying caseloads.
The Ethel F. Donaghue Women's Health Investigator Program at Yale has awarded six faculty members grants to study novel approaches in women's health. Researchers will investigate gene therapy for ovarian cancer, dietary protein prevention of osteoporosis, and light therapy for depression during pregnancy.
A recent study found that alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause early delivery, with potential health consequences including low birth weight and increased risk of death or long-term illness. Researchers believe a critical period for drinking may exist, and prevention is key to reducing premature births.
Researchers found that pregnant women who received a hormone-like gel called prostaglandin E2 gave birth faster than those who received a placebo, with an average labor time of 5.6 hours versus 8.6 hours. The study suggests that this gel may help prevent the need for induced labor and reduce Caesarean sections in women at risk
Researchers from Children's National Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh successfully reverse muscle damage caused by limb girdle muscular dystrophy using gene therapy. The non-toxic virus-based approach increases muscle strength and size by nearly 100% in animal tests, paving the way for potential treatment of Duchenne muscula...
Researchers found that estrogen can reduce the risk of developing cataracts by up to 77%, with estradiol and estrone showing particular promise. The study used rats with induced ovarian failure to test the effects of different estrogens on cataract development.
Elevated cholesterol levels are associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication that can lead to seizures, liver or kidney failure, and premature delivery. Women with high cholesterol before pregnancy are more likely to develop the condition, which affects thousands of women each year.
A clinical trial at UNC is testing the effectiveness of LY353381, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), for treating ovarian and endometrial cancers. The drug has minimal side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy.
A Harvard Medical School study reveals that physician guidelines for estrogen replacement therapy fail to address women's concerns and needs. Researchers found that patients value healthcare provider opinions, media influences, and friend opinions when making decisions about hormone replacement therapy.
A study found that primary care physicians in California often miss opportunities to screen for domestic violence, especially during routine medical exams. The researchers recommend increasing awareness and training to prevent domestic violence from happening in the first place.
A large-scale study by the University of Chicago found that immunotherapy, a treatment aimed at preventing recurrent miscarriage, is not effective. Women who received this treatment had more and later miscarriages compared to those receiving a placebo.
Researchers found that digital exams nearly doubled vaginal bacteria entering the cervix and uterus in 80% of patients. Potentially harmful bacteria like Group B Streptococcus and E. coli were isolated from cultures, posing a risk to newborns.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that babies weighing below 5 pounds 13 ounces are more likely to face mortality or disability compared to those weighing less. The study included approximately 127,000 newborns and showed that pre-term infants' risk of adverse outcomes increased with decreased growth.
The Merck Manual has been extensively revised to reflect ever-increasing medical knowledge, with new additions on topics like drug therapy for the elderly and chronic fatigue syndrome. The Centennial Edition is now nearly 3,000 pages, divided into 23 thumb-indexed sections, making it a vital necessity for today's clinicians.
Researchers found a significant link between HIV infections and abnormal vaginal bacteria in pregnant women. Four times as many subjects with bacterial vaginosis were HIV-infected compared to those with a normal balance.
A new test using vinegar and visual inspection detected over 75% of potential cancers among African study participants, identifying almost twice as many cases as Pap smears. The inexpensive and easy test could provide a reliable screening option for women in developing countries where cervical cancer is prevalent.
A study suggests that an imbalance in genes expressed on the X chromosome may lead to ovarian cancer development. The research found nonrandom X-chromosome inactivation in over 50% of women with invasive ovarian cancer, particularly those with BRCA1 mutations.
A landmark study involving women with invasive cervical cancer showed that adding chemotherapy to radiation therapy significantly improves survival rates and disease-free survival. The study found that 73% of patients who received both treatments survived for at least five years, compared to 58% of those given only radiation.
Researchers have discovered a way to reprogram cells, enabling the selective expression of genes. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for diseases by harnessing this technology to turn off or on specific genes in different cell types.
A study of 254 women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) found that 7.5% had undiagnosed diabetes, compared to 1% in the general population. Insulin resistance is a key factor in PCOS-related glucose intolerance and diabetes risk.