The study found that while the CT and HPET images could be co-registered within 2mm in centrally located tumor inserts, tumor inserts on the peripheral were only 8-10mm due to distortion and resolution loss of HPET images. This made it difficult for a therapist to refine treatment volume using the co-registered HPET/CT images.
A PET scan study found impaired endothelium-dependent coronary artery vasodilator function in healthy young smokers, indicating increased risk of heart attack and stroke. The study suggests that smoking begins to cause damage much earlier than previously thought, even in those without apparent coronary disease.
A new diagnostic tool, Tc 99m Depreotide, has been shown to detect the source of infection in all patients studied within three hours after injection. This is significantly faster than traditional nuclear imaging tests, which can take up to 48 hours, and offers improved accuracy.
H. William Strauss is a pioneer in cardiovascular nuclear medicine and has published extensively on the subject. He recently received the de Hevesy Pioneer Award for his groundbreaking contributions to the field of nuclear medicine.
Experts will address common misconceptions about radiation and provide guidance on planning and preparation for terrorist acts involving radioactive materials. The seminar aims to educate nuclear medicine professionals and alleviate fears among non-nuclear medical staff.
Researchers may use a super-fast laser pulse to observe and control nuclear reactions, potentially slowing or accelerating fission. The lasetron concept could also briefly produce massive magnetic fields, opening new experiments in astrophysics.
Emerging Generation IV machines will provide significant improvements in reactor design, economics, safety, and waste minimization. Advanced designs include high-temperature reactors that can produce hot water for communities or desalination energy.
A recent report highlights nuclear fallout in the US from Cold War testing, which increases cancer incidence and affects global populations. The editorial also critiques South Africa's delay in providing antiretroviral treatment to pregnant women with HIV.
Researchers observed statistically significant amounts of tritium above background in cavitation experiments, suggesting the possibility of nuclear reactions. The findings are based on a collaboration that used high-energy neutrons to create bubbles in liquid, which can result in light emissions and potentially nuclear reactions.
A new extraction process, known as Universal Extractant (UNEX), has been developed to remove multiple radioactive elements from high-level nuclear waste in a single step. This process reduces the volume of waste by at least twentyfold, making it cheaper and safer to store.
A new nuclear medicine procedure has received preliminary approval for a clinical trial to diagnose inhalation anthrax in its earliest stages. The technique uses a 99mTc-labeled monoclonal antibody to detect the infection before other diagnostic tests can, enabling early treatment and reducing long-term antibiotic use.
Researchers at Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology found that HIV's Vpr gene causes the formation of nuclear herniations, disrupting cell division. This disruption enables virus production to increase severalfold, improving HIV's ability to grow and infect new cells.
A study led by University of Wisconsin-Madison professor Vicki Bier found no evidence that deregulation causes widespread safety lapses in the US nuclear power industry. However, it warned that the speed of change after deregulation could create potential safety hazards, and highlighted concerns over organizational changes, rapid downs...
The new global network of listening posts will track atmospheric signals from diverse events like secret nuclear tests, volcanic eruptions, and hurricanes. Infrasound energy is generated by meteors, chemical explosions, supersonic aircraft, tornadoes, landslides, earthquakes, and volcanoes.
University of Michigan professor Rodney Ewing argues that the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's method for assessing the Yucca Mountain site's safety is flawed due to large uncertainties. He proposes a more comprehensive approach by evaluating independent barriers, such as canisters and rock layers, to ensure the site's long-term safety.
A more thorough evaluation of energy costs can increase the value of an energy conservation project, allowing companies to carry out plans that might otherwise appear too expensive. By considering overlooked savings such as reduced maintenance and internal costs, energy managers can recoup costs faster.
John P. Holdren receives Tyler Prize for his leadership in research and policy on global energy and environmental issues. His work has shaped new understanding and policies on sustainable development, climate change, and nuclear nonproliferation.
Researchers develop a new fuel that combines thorium and uranium to increase reactor runtime, potentially saving the industry $1 billion annually. The fuel could also generate less waste than traditional all-uranium fuel, while improving resistance to nuclear proliferation.
A case study by INFORMS finds that organizations operating near safety borders rely on after-the-fact interventions rather than preparation. The study compares two nuclear facilities, highlighting the importance of anticipation, foresight, and countermeasures in staying within a zone of safety.
The MESA facility will join Sandia's expertise in weapon design and high-speed computing to create immersive environments for designing non-nuclear components of nuclear weapons. The project aims to reduce the likelihood of malfunction, making devices more difficult to destroy on impact.
Researchers are exploring using tiny amounts of radioactive material to power microscopic devices, improving medical equipment, environmental management, and automobiles. The goal is to capture the natural decay of radioactive material and convert it into a power source, without the use of nuclear reactions.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have discovered two new superheavy elements, 116 and 118, using an intense beam of high-energy krypton ions. The discovery was made possible by the newly constructed Berkeley Gas-filled Separator, which allows for unprecedented efficiency and background suppression.
UCSF researchers identified a signaling cascade that regulates steroidogenic factor 1, a nuclear receptor involved in sexual differentiation and stress response. The finding suggests a ligand-independent mechanism of action for SF-1, potentially explaining resistance to hormone therapies in certain cancers.
The Home Energy Saver Internet site computes residential energy savings possibilities for consumers by analyzing a home's energy use and identifying tailored improvements. The site provides personalized recommendations, linking users to hundreds of practical resources for energy-efficient products, service providers, and online materials.
The nuclear pore complex is a highly regulated structure composed of around 50-100 different proteins that control the transport of macromolecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Ran protein plays a crucial role in this process, binding selectively to transport factors to regulate cargo molecules across the nuclear pore.
Professor Lynda Warren argues that local residents' opinions are distorted by political rhetoric and underestimated by the industry. She calls for increased transparency and involvement from politicians and companies to address public fears about radioactive waste.
According to Professor Bernard Cohen, nuclear power plants emit fewer carcinogens and pollutants compared to coal burning power stations. This results in a much lower fatality rate, with air pollution from coal causing 25 fatalities per minute versus only 0.018 for nuclear.
The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has established a new adjunct organization to coordinate nuclear nonproliferation programs, research, and policy work in the region. The center aims to promote collaboration among stakeholders for proliferation prevention and arms control policy.
The Department of Energy has developed two breakthrough devices, ARSA and RASA, to detect nuclear detonations by analyzing the atmosphere for radioactive material. These systems enhance the ability of the US and international community to detect and confirm nuclear explosions.
A strong consensus has emerged among US seismologists that the seismic network would have detected a blast equivalent to 800 tons of TNT, leading some experts to conclude that India's second round of tests were small and designed to test nuclear bomb components. Pakistan conducted its own nuclear tests shortly after.
Henry N. Wagner Jr, a pioneer in nuclear medicine, has been awarded the Cassen Award for his pioneering work on tracking biochemical events within the living body using cyclotron isotopes. His research led to significant discoveries in brain chemistry and addiction, while also informing public health policy on radiation.
Researchers at Savannah River Technology Center found metal-munching bacteria thriving in sterile storage pond environments, threatening long-term nuclear fuel rod integrity. This ill-timed discovery comes as a global downturn in nuclear reprocessing leads to extended storage periods.
The new wall chart graphically illustrates the basic structure of the nucleus, recent discoveries, and future directions in nuclear science. It includes sections on the expansion of the universe, nuclear matter phases, radio-active decay, controlled nuclear energy, and applications of nuclear science.
A team of experts from Purdue University and other universities will develop computer programs to simulate advanced nuclear reactors. The research aims to investigate thermal-hydraulics and reactor safety under various conditions.
A recent study commissioned by President Clinton emphasizes the importance of nuclear power in meeting ambitious environmental goals. The report suggests that nuclear energy will be necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and meet growing energy demands.
Researchers Paul Richards and Won-Young Kim analyze seismic data to verify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, concluding the event was an earthquake with 'excellent' monitoring capability
A workshop on long-term stewardship of the US nuclear weapons complex explored the need for institutions, information, and strategies to protect people and the environment. Key findings include the potential for decades-long cleanup efforts and the importance of reliable institutional controls and waste disposal facilities.
The Soviet nuclear program was a complex web of innovation, espionage, and human risk. The recent Dubna conference and new research shed light on the program's history, highlighting key breakthroughs and competing efforts between the US and USSR.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory will study nuclei in stellar explosions and exotic nuclear structures, answering questions about nuclear physics and astrophysics. The facility provides a resource for scientists from around the world, offering insights into the main constituent of the visible universe.
Researchers at Penn State have developed advanced computer techniques to improve the efficiency of nuclear and fossil fuel power plants. These new techniques can help extend the lifetime of fuel, increase operating efficiency, and save money, potentially leading to lower costs for consumers.