The Journal of Eating Disorders is an open-access journal publishing research on the science and clinical practice of eating disorders. Recent studies explore internalized weight bias, perfectionism in body dissatisfaction, and cross-cultural aspects of eating disorders.
A longitudinal study of Labrador Retrievers in the UK is providing valuable insights into canine diseases and veterinary care. The research found that four out of ten dogs were ill at some point, with 80% showing signs of illness by one year old.
A new study found that the brain's pattern of blood flow in the prefrontal cortex alters with age during multitasking. Healthy older people had a higher and more sustained increase in oxygenated haemoglobin, indicating increased brain activity. This change is associated with normal aging and may impact dual-task performance.
A new study uses DNA analysis to reconstruct hair and eye color from ancient human remains, confirming the blue eyes and blond hair of a Polish general. The HIrisPlex system was also able to identify details from medieval samples, including a mysterious woman buried in a 12th-14th century crypt.
A 'cheater' mutation in Dictyostelium discoideum allows it to exploit its social partner by reducing the ability of normal Dictyostelium to form spores. This enables the cheater strain to outcompete wild type for survival and resources, with no observed fitness cost or impairment to lifespan.
A meta-analysis of 67 studies confirmed IL28B polymorphisms impact natural HCV clearance and PEG-IFN/RBV treatment response. Favourable genotypes equated to more than double the probability of achieving sustained virologic response, supporting personalized medicine approaches.
A study published in BMC Biology has generated interactive 3D models of the zebra finch's syrinx, a complex vocal organ. The models reveal the delicate balance between strength and lightness required to control sound production at superfast speeds.
A new study estimates that up to 1.5 million EU children are born each year with mercury exposures above the safe limit, resulting in a potential lifetime earning loss of €8-9 million per person. Exposure reduction could equate to €10 billion per year in benefits.
The World Allergy Organization Journal is transitioning to BioMed Central's open access publishing platform, increasing global accessibility to allergy research. This move aims to improve knowledge-sharing and dissemination of research in the field of allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology.
A large-scale study on newborn screening for fragile X syndrome reveals the high prevalence of the premutation allele among carriers. The research identifies one in 209 females and one in 430 males with the premutation, highlighting the need for better understanding of its impact on families and systems.
A recent study published in Genome Biology analyzed Clostridium difficile genomes from 486 patients to investigate transmission. The results indicate that transmission between patients occurs at relatively low frequency, with most cases attributed to specific strains.
Research published in BMC Pediatrics found that repeated infections early in life increases the risk of developing celiac disease. The study revealed a significant association between early-life infections and celiac disease, highlighting the importance of breastfeeding in reducing this risk.
A new model reveals that viruses construct intermediate structures before final capsid production, outperforming direct assembly in efficiency. This method allows the viral genome to be protected and propagated successfully, even without host cells.
A recent study found that older patients hospitalized with critical illness are at increased risk of developing dementia. The study, published in Critical Care, identified infection, neurological dysfunction, and acute renal failure as independent risk factors for dementia diagnosis.
A large European study found that multiple myeloma is related to farm work, printing and cleaning. The EPILYMPH study, which included 277 cases and matched controls by age and gender, found an increased risk for farmers, cleaning workers, telephone and radio operators.
Researchers from Italy have developed a wearable system that uses strain sensors to monitor human trunk movements and estimate flexibility. The device will enable remote monitoring of physiotherapy exercises at home or during everyday tasks, providing an advancement in portable rehabilitation tracking.
A new study by Nayuta Brand and Michel Chapuisat found that queen sweat bees restrict the amount of food provided to their first brood, resulting in smaller female workers. This 'choosing' behavior ensures that daughters become workers rather than queens.
Exposure to second-hand smoke significantly increases the risk of invasive meningococcal disease in children, with doubled risks at home and tripled risks for those born to smoking mothers. The study estimates an extra 630 cases of childhood invasive meningococcal disease per year.
A new study published in Arthritis Research & Therapy shows lenalidomide to be a safe and effective alternative treatment for refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus, with significant clinical improvement in most patients. The treatment's efficacy is comparable to thalidomide but with lower toxicity.
Researchers studied plant roots grown on the International Space Station and found that they retained complex patterns of 'waving' and 'skewing', characteristic of Earth-grown roots. However, the degree of waving was more subtle than expected, suggesting that gravity is not essential for this process.
Researchers found that grey mouse lemur females can distinguish between advertisement calls from unrelated males and their fathers, suggesting a mechanism for avoiding inbreeding. This discovery provides evidence that paternal recognition through vocalizations is not exclusive to complex social groups.
Researchers have found that dual-agent chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer arises from unique genetic changes, distinct from single-agent resistance. This discovery may lead to new strategies for overcoming resistance and improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers successfully engineered Arabidopsis plants to reduce xylan content and improve breakdown of carbohydrate into simple sugars. The resulting plants exhibit improved saccharification properties, allowing for better production of biofuels from plant biomass.
A study published in Genome Biology reveals a link between transposable elements and the expression of stem cell-specific long noncoding RNAs. ERV transposition may have given rise to these lincRNAs, which have important regulatory roles.
A new therapeutic technique repairs and rebuilds skeletal muscle using a combination of mesoangioblast stem cells and hydrogel cell-carrier matrix. The study demonstrates improved engraftment, survival, and integration of the stem cells into regenerating muscle fibers.
Research reveals that black dahlia flowers accumulate more anthocyanins due to low flavone concentrations, leading to their distinctive dark color. This finding could be used to engineer plants with tailored flavone contents, as the suppression of flavone formation is an effective mechanism.
A Canadian case-control study found that women in jobs with high exposures to carcinogens and endocrine disrupters had an elevated breast cancer risk. The study highlights the importance of occupational studies in identifying environmental risk factors.
The Wuzhishan miniature pig genome sequence has provided valuable knowledge for medical engineering and drug design. Despite high levels of polymorphism, the genome is mostly homozygous, with 84% homology between humans and pigs.
Researchers found that stress-related problem drinking is linked to a specific combination of neural circuit functioning, including highly reactive reward circuits and hypo-reactive threat circuits. This imbalance can lead to excessive drinking in response to stress, as the brain struggles with opposing drives for pleasure and fear.
A new study reveals that metalloacid-coated surfaces exhibit strong antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms, including those resistant to multiple antibiotics. The coating's ability to produce acidic pH through oxonium ions significantly limits the survival of microbes on coated surfaces.
Two studies estimate the cost of delivering HPV vaccines to girls in Tanzania, finding costs substantially higher than existing infant immunization schedules. However, integration with existing health systems may improve affordability and effectiveness of HPV vaccination programs, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
Researchers discovered that wild birds were previously exposed to the West Nile virus before their arrival in Greece during autumn migration. The study found 14 positive serum samples from birds up to 8 months prior to the human outbreak, and genetic determinants of increased virulence were present in these samples.
Researchers developed a new randomization protocol to accurately estimate total biomass in forests. The GLAS approach shows promise in standardizing global forest biomass inventory and improving spatial and temporal coverage.
Researchers found that adding thickening agents and creamy flavors increased expected fullness, but only thickness affected hunger suppression. Texture and flavor play a crucial role in satiety perception.
Researchers found that maternal smoking during pregnancy increases lung function issues in children and grandchildren due to increased levels of proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The effects are so long-lasting that stop-smoking education for expectant mothers is necessary.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in nuclear reprogramming by identifying histone H3.3 as a key player in reverting nuclei to a pluripotent state, capable of becoming any cell type. This discovery has significant implications for regenerative medicine and cancer treatment.
A study found gene polymorphisms in hormone metabolism and growth factor pathways associated with breast density, which increases breast cancer risk. Variants in genes like PRL, TNF, and SULT1A1/2 were linked to breast density in both hormone therapy users and non-users.
The Beutler laboratory has released its ENU mutagenesis data, which underpin the Nobel Prize-winning discoveries, for public use. The dataset is available in an online open access repository called Mutagenix, linked permanently to a 'Data Note' article published in BMC Research Notes.
A study found that koalas have had low genetic diversity for over 120 years, likely caused by inbreeding due to declining populations. The species' vulnerability to diseases like Chlamydia and retroviruses is a major concern.
Researchers identified molecular pathways involved in both systemic and arthritic components of SJIA, revealing differences in affected organs. The study found that glucocorticoid signalling was more heavily involved in inflammation associated with SJIA, highlighting the need for tailored treatment plans.
A new systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that intermediate glucose control is associated with better outcomes in neurocritical care patients, including reduced mortality and improved recovery. This challenges the conventional approach of tight glycemic control, which may lead to more neurological damage.
Researchers found vitamin D supplementation improved SLE symptoms by increasing beneficial CD4+ cells, Treg cells, and decreasing effector Th1 and Th17 cells. Vitamin D also reduced memory B cell and anti-DNA antibodies in patients.
A new study published in Molecular Autism found that common genetic variations can add up to increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder. The research, which analyzed data from over one million participants, suggests that inherited risk is additive and can significantly impact an individual's likelihood of developing ASD.
Researchers developed a new model that incorporates detailed household transmission data to better predict flu outbreaks. The study found that infection rates were higher than previously thought, revealing the importance of including untested individuals in outbreak analysis.
Researchers discovered polymorphisms in HIV-1 that improve resistance to drugs, even without the medication. This finding has significant implications for treating HIV-1 infection, as it suggests newly infected individuals can be drug-resistant before treatment.
New research reveals that women with HER2 positive breast cancer that is also hormone (estrogen and progesterone) receptor negative have an increased risk of early death and less likely to recur in bone compared to those with hormone-sensitive cancer. The study suggests HR status defines two different subsets of HER2 positive cancers.
A study published in Clinical Epigenetics found that individuals with a specific genetic variation in SIRT1 are more likely to develop vibration-induced white finger disease. The research suggests that testing for this variant before starting work with vibrating machinery could prevent years of pain and disability.
A genomic sequencing project funded by community donations has published the first sequence of the critically endangered Puerto Rican Parrot. The project, led by Dr. Taras Oleksyk, covers nearly 76% of the parrot's genome and has found similarities to zebra finches and chickens.
A multi-centre study in France found that patients transported by helicopter had a lower risk of death compared to those transported by road. The benefit was seen even after adjusting for severity of injury. Helicopter transport saves lives for the most severely injured patients, despite being a costly and limited resource.
Researchers discovered specific proteins in honey bees that help them resist Varroa mite infestations. These proteins enable the removal of infected larvae and reduce mite populations, promoting the survival of the species. This natural approach could provide a solution to Colony Collapse Disorder.