A study by University of Cincinnati Marketing Professor James Kellaris found that inadequate signage can lead to loss of business and tax revenue. Women experience signage communication failure more than men, with about half the population surveyed in 2011 having driven past businesses due to signage issues.
A randomized controlled trial of 377 premature infants found no significant differences in clinical outcomes between fresh and standard red blood cell transfusions. The study suggests that prolonged RBC storage may not have as great an impact on neonatal illness and death as previously thought.
A new study reveals that childfree women perceive more social pressure to become mothers than others, yet feel less distress. The research highlights the varying reasons behind childlessness and their effects on women's lives, challenging societal assumptions about motherhood.
A new research project will investigate the experiences of victims from various groups, including the homeless, refugees, and those with mental health problems. The two-year study aims to shed light on their needs and provide insights for policy and practice.
Research suggests that maintaining healthy lungs may be crucial for retaining problem-solving and processing speed in older adults. The study found no link between poorer lung health and loss of stored knowledge or memory, but showed a correlation between reduced pulmonary function and steeper declines in cognitive abilities.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory used a computational model to identify key metabolic pathways that favor the production of either oils or proteins in plants. The research focused on rapeseed and found 149 reactions responsive to changes in oil/protein tradeoff, highlighting potential targets for genetic manipulation.
A new study found that maternal depression treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitors accelerates babies' language development, while untreated depression prolongs this period. Researchers measured changes in heart rate and eye movement to sounds and video images of native and non-native languages.
Using liposomes packed with local anesthetic, researchers at Boston Children's Hospital delayed the rise of neuropathic pain by two days and a month in animal models. The method could potentially allow doctors to stop the cascade of events leading to chronic pain.
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release DNA-made traps that break down amyloid fibrils into smaller toxic pieces. This process is linked to the aggravation of amyloidosis, a group of clinical syndromes characterized by deposits of amyloid fibrils throughout the body.
A new EU project has developed non-invasive methods for characterizing contaminated sites, reducing the need for costly sampling and monitoring. These methods, including geophysical measurements and vegetation analysis, enable more accurate detection of pollution and efficient rehabilitation of megasites in Europe.
Researchers discovered regenerated lizard tails have distinct features, including a single cartilaginous rod and elongated muscle fibers. The new tail lacks vertebrae and interlocking joints, reducing flexibility compared to the original.
Researchers found a 100 million-year-old fossil of an ancient spider attacking its prey caught in its web. The discovery provides the oldest evidence of social behavior in spiders and offers a unique glimpse into the distant past.
Researchers found that T2R38 is expressed in upper respiratory tract cells and activated by bacteria, correlating with increased susceptibility to sinus infections. Genetic variation in the T2R38 gene contributes to individual differences in respiratory infection risk.
Mark P. Carol, MD, a distinguished leader in IMRT and IGRT, has been recognized as ASTRO's 2012 Honorary Member for his groundbreaking approach to developing these techniques. He will be honored at the ASTRO 54th Annual Meeting on October 30, 2012.
The study of the button mushroom's genome has revealed its ability to adapt to humus-rich environments, suggesting a higher capacity for metabolizing complex mixtures of lignin derivatives. This adaptation could have significant implications for forest carbon management and soil health.
A variant in the NFKB1 gene has been associated with a 44% reduced risk of lung cancer, according to a new analysis of 378 patients and 450 healthy controls. The study suggests that inflammation may play a role in lung cancer development.
Southampton researchers have developed a model that explains how pulsars slow down with age. The spin rate of a pulsar slows down due to energy loss through radiation, but the exact mechanism was unclear until now.
Researchers developed a new model that incorporates detailed household transmission data to better predict flu outbreaks. The study found that infection rates were higher than previously thought, revealing the importance of including untested individuals in outbreak analysis.
Researchers found that high-saturated fat diets increase endothelial lipase levels, associated with atherosclerosis, while omega-3 polyunsaturated fats lower these levels. This discovery may help explain why certain diabetes drugs raise heart risks and provides a new link between diet and cardiovascular disease.
A new digital tabletop system, PiVOT, allows users to view shared content while each individual receives a personalized view, with multiple views possible at the same location without interfering with others. The system supports various applications and has been implemented with a sample prototype evaluated for its effectiveness.
A comprehensive comparison of marine microbial diversity at the poles reveals vast differences between Southern and Arctic oceans. The study highlights the importance of researching Earth's polar regions in the face of climate change, and identifies further research needs to understand sea ice, seasonal shifts, and freshwater inputs.
A recent study found that overall HIV death rates declined between 1993 and 2007 for most men and women by race/ethnicity and educational levels. However, disparities in mortality rates persisted among non-Hispanic black individuals, particularly those with lower education levels.
A new study reveals that astringent wines and teas can counter the slippery sensation of fatty foods, promoting balance in meal consumption. This opposition between astringent and fat sensations may help maintain dietary diversity.
Intense exercise such as fast walking and jogging halves the development of metabolic syndrome, a combination of factors that increase heart disease and stroke risk. The study found that it's not the length of time exercised but rather its intensity that matters.
Rice University biochemist James McNew is probing the key protein atlastin in the genetic disorder HSP. The study aims to build up a better understanding of how atlastin works and why its defects cause HSP.
McGill researchers identified a small region in the genome linked to psychiatric disease and obesity, specifically through BDNF deletion. The study found that individuals with BDNF deletions exhibited major depression, anxiety, and obesity, with weight gain associated with age.
Researchers at IMUT have developed a method to analyze nanoscale deformation fields of a crack-tip, mapping pure shear strain at the atomic scale. The study provides new insights into fracture mechanics, paving the way for further research on dynamic crack-tips and various materials.
Researchers create precision blood test that uses gene patterns in blood cells to identify advanced-stage prostate cancer patients with worst prognosis. The test can be used to select those in need of immediate treatment.
Eberli's research on carbonate sediments and rocks has led to a revolutionary new model of platform development, revealing the internal architecture of Great Bahama Bank. The CSL Center for Carbonate Research he directs has made significant breakthroughs in understanding sedimentologic processes, aiding the petroleum industry.
Researchers will develop computer code to model the complex conditions at the edge of fusion plasmas, which could help design and operate facilities for generating electricity from fusion. The validated model could guide developers of next-generation fusion facilities, including ITER.
Researchers identified genetic signatures that can predict the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer, with patients having the signature living an average of 9.2 months compared to 21.6 months without the signature. These findings hold promise for improving patient outcomes and enabling better clinical trials.
A new over-the-counter HIV test, OraQuick, is unlikely to significantly impact the fight against HIV due to its high cost and limited accessibility. Physicians recommend counseling patients about the use and limitations of home testing to make informed decisions.
Researchers have discovered that the critical temperature for catalytic ignition depends on the material used and crystallographic orientation of metal granules. The findings suggest that a more efficient catalytic converter can be built by optimizing these factors, potentially reducing emissions and costs.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have created a model to predict the impact of future pandemics in real-time. By analyzing statistical data, they found that infection rates were higher than previously thought and transmission probabilities decreased with increasing household size.
A team of academics will compare screening programmes in some areas to establish the most effective way of spotting hearing loss in children aged four to six years old. The research aims to determine whether a nationwide approach would be successful and cost-effective.
A University of Illinois study found that caffeine reduces brain-based inflammation associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Caffeine-treated mice recovered their ability to form new memories faster than non-caffeine-treated mice, suggesting a possible therapeutic target for mild cognitive impairment.
Researchers have designed a blood test that can detect aggressive prostate cancers by analyzing the pattern of gene activity in blood cells. The test, which reads genetic changes like a barcode, can accurately identify patients with advanced prostate cancers and predict their survival time.
A team of scientists will enroll 250 people living with HIV/AIDS in a clinical study to compare an intervention with a Holistic Health Recovery Program adapted for Alcohol Use Disorders, aiming to enhance patients' awareness and modify behaviors that promote HIV disease progression.
The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) has successfully engineered microbes to produce biodegradable materials like polylactic acid, which can be used in various applications. Metabolic engineering enhances microbial performance to improve the production of desired chemicals and materials.
Research reveals that Col6 protein's endotrophin alter tumor environment promoting growth and metastasis in mice. Reduced endotrophin expression linked to lower tumor burden and fewer metastases.
A team of scientists at Scripps Research Institute has been awarded $2.1 million to study compounds that may improve the quality of life for ALS patients by inhibiting the JNK enzyme. The study aims to develop a neuroprotective drug to prevent motor neuron death and lengthen patients' lifespan.
Teachers can utilize specific behaviors to increase students' emotional and cognitive interest, leading to greater engagement. Research found that immediacy behaviors stimulate emotional arousal, while clarity behaviors enhance structural understanding of course content.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes discover how a protein deficiency contributes to neurodegenerative disease frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Progranulin prevents microglia from becoming hyperactive, leading to inflammation that destroys neurons and causes debilitating symptoms.
A new class of treatment has been identified against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a 'superbug' responsible for difficult-to-treat illnesses. The compound, developed from an anti-cancer agent, shows promise in treating MRSA-infected mice and has the potential to combat drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a new technology that aims to make terabyte storage cheaper and easier. They use similar optical data storage technology as commercially available Blu-ray discs but write data in dozens of layers instead of two or four, resulting in lower manufacturing costs.
A new study found that nearly half of all retail firewood sold in the US West is infested with live insects. The research highlights the risks of untreated firewood transporting pests and pathogens to uninfested areas. Heat-treating firewood before sale could help mitigate these risks.
A recent study from York University found that drugs approved through Health Canada's accelerated review process are more likely to be withdrawn or earn serious safety warnings than those undergoing standard reviews. This is due to the faster review process potentially missing serious safety issues.
Researchers found that common polymorphisms in the T2R38 gene were correlated with the incidence of bacterial sinus infections, demonstrating a genetic link to individual differences in respiratory infection susceptibility. In companion pieces, studies on PSD-95 expression and progranulin deficiency shed light on potential therapeutic ...
The River Thames has been invaded with over 96 non-native freshwater species, according to a recent study published in Biological Invasions. The research suggests that globalisation and shipping activity have facilitated these invasions, resulting in significant biodiversity loss and ecosystem service degradation.
A new study published in Neurology suggests that a diet rich in tomatoes and lycopene may lower the risk of stroke. The research involved 1,031 Finnish men aged 46-65, who were followed for an average of 12 years, with those having higher levels of lycopene showing a 55% reduced risk of stroke.
A new study by seismologists at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory suggests that North Korea's alleged 2010 nuclear tests were probably false alarms. The researchers found no evidence of seismic waves consistent with the detonations, citing the region's dense network of seismic stations.
A $20 million gift from Andrew and Barbara Taylor has established the Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research at Washington University. The institute aims to develop new therapies for psychiatric disorders, which currently have major limitations in effectiveness and potential side effects.
A study of children in Massachusetts found that low-level prenatal mercury exposure is associated with a higher risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-related behaviors. Conversely, fish consumption during pregnancy appears to be protective, particularly for impulsive/hyperactive behaviors.
Researchers have discovered that genes 'burst' on and off at precise frequencies, regulating protein synthesis. This finding has implications for understanding cancer, drug resistance, and other diseases.
Researchers aim to develop an intervention to reduce alcohol-related violence in intimate relationships. The five-year study will examine the underlying factors behind alcohol intoxication and violence, a risk factor for intimate partner violence affecting nearly 40% of US adults.
A randomized clinical trial of 377 premature babies found that receiving fresher blood did not improve clinical outcomes, including major organ injury, mortality, and infection. The study, led by Dr. Dean Fergusson, used the gold standard of medical science and challenged existing beliefs about fresh blood being better.
Young people in foster care face significant financial challenges as they age out of the system. Financial education and matched-savings programs can help them build assets and become financially independent adults. Experts recommend allowing young people to make mistakes and learn from their decisions to ensure financial stability.
A study found that computerized surveillance in the home causes significant changes in behavior to control privacy intrusion. Participants adjusted their daily practices to maintain a tolerable level of surveillance, but unexpected events could disrupt these adaptations.
A study found that girls without health vulnerabilities in low-poverty neighborhoods experienced improved mental health outcomes. In contrast, boys from families with preexisting health-related vulnerabilities did not show significant benefits. The experiment benefited approximately 60% of the girls involved.
Dysynergic defecation is a condition where the brain and gut communicate improperly, leading to constipation and abdominal pain. Researchers have developed a biofeedback system that helps patients relearn normal behavior and restore communication between the brain and gut, showing an 85% success rate.
A new technique has been developed by North Carolina State University researchers to improve the accuracy of determining a battery's remaining charge in real-time. This will enable electric vehicle drivers to better estimate when their car may run out of juice.
A study found that low-level prenatal mercury exposure increases the risk of ADHD-related behaviors in children, while moderate fish consumption during pregnancy reduces this risk. Researchers recommend pregnant women consider both benefits and risks of eating fish while pregnant.
Children spend an average of five screens at home by age 10 and six hours a day watching screens by adolescence. Prolonged screen time is linked to increased risks of heart disease, diabetes, obesity, attention span reduction, and psychosocial problems like Facebook depression and impaired empathy.
The University of Colorado Boulder has developed graphene membranes with tiny pores that can efficiently separate gas molecules based on size. This technology holds promise for enhancing natural gas production while reducing carbon dioxide emissions from power plant exhaust pipes.
A three-month intensive language study led to significant brain structure changes in language learners compared to non-language students. The hippocampus and cerebral cortex areas expanded in size, correlating with improved language skills, highlighting the cognitive benefits of language learning.
A new study found that bitter taste receptors play a crucial role in fighting off chronic sinus infections by detecting specific bacterial molecules. The research suggests that individuals with strong bitter taste sensitivities have better defenses against these infections.
Some desert plant species adapt well to climate change, benefiting from fluctuating weather conditions. This is contrary to predictions by climate models, which forecast unfavorable effects on ecosystems. Researchers found that these plants have a unique physiology allowing them to thrive in arid regions.
A new study found that nearly half of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) attempt to elope at least once after age 4, with 53% going missing long enough to cause concern. The study also reveals that elopement behavior is often goal-oriented and intent-driven, with children seeking to go somewhere or do something.
The Digits sensor allows users to control devices remotely using hand gestures, eliminating the need for external hardware. Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding human hand movements and developing a system that can accurately track and interpret finger joints, wrist orientation, and other key points.
Scientists have assembled a large collection of research to examine how experiences interact with biology from before birth, affecting life course trajectories. The study provides new insights into the interaction between experience and biology in the early years, setting a direction for future research.
Researchers have developed an adaptor that makes genetic engineering of microbial components more predictable, converting regulators of translation into regulators of transcription in Escherichia coli. This allows for the construction of increasingly complex functions in microorganisms, enabling safer and more efficient production of e...