Researchers found that G-protein-coupled receptors involved in detecting odors do not amplify signals like those in the eye, contradicting previous claims. Instead, cells can bind to multiple receptors or express the same receptor to enhance sensitivity.
Researchers have found that women carrying a certain immune system gene and not having HPV16 are three times less likely to resolve their precancerous lesions. This discovery could provide better targets for cervical cancer vaccine development and potentially allow women to avoid surgery, according to Johns Hopkins scientists.
Poorer people have been left out of past aid programs due to insufficient planning, and donors and developing countries should learn from these mistakes. Local health officials must decide who will receive therapy and live, and who will go without, despite growing demand and limited supply.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have successfully grown human stem cells in a lab setting that mirrors the natural developmental process of blood cells. The study provides unprecedented insight into how stem cells specialize into blood cells, shedding light on the mechanisms behind leukemia and lymphoma.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins report that the band leader controlling DNA copying also brings the jam session to a close, intricately connecting the two processes. This discovery sheds light on the development of immune system cancers.
Researchers identify genetic changes in hepatitis C virus that evade immune system, leading to chronic infections. The findings suggest a 'consensus sequence' could serve as basis for effective vaccines against both acute and chronic infections.
Women now account for nearly half of the 40 million people worldwide infected with HIV, a significant shift from the early days of the pandemic. The increased number of female cases is attributed to various factors, including heterosexual transmission and cultural influences.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins found that home test kits are highly effective in detecting Chlamydia and gonorrhea among young women. The study showed that 87% of participants used the internet to order the kit, and 95% of those who tested positive for Chlamydia sought treatment.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered that the Myc protein controls the production of six microRNAs in human lymphoma cells, which can either promote or slow cell growth. The study's findings suggest a complex system involving Myc, microRNAs, and genes controlling cell proliferation.
A recent study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that even limited cultural competency training can significantly improve healthcare providers' knowledge and patient satisfaction. However, the research lacks evidence to prove a direct link between training and improved health outcomes for minority patients.
A six-month exercise program improved body fat, muscle strength, and fitness levels in older men and women. Despite weight loss, bone mineral density remained stable or even increased slightly among those who achieved greater gains in fitness.
A recent study published in Nature Methods found that different microarray systems are more alike than previously thought, yielding comparable results when used properly. The study involved 10 laboratories using various platforms and showed that with proper methods and reporting, the results can be reliable across different platforms.
A new blood test, EPCA, has been shown to be highly sensitive and specific in detecting prostate cancer. The test was found to have an accuracy rate of 94% and has the potential to reduce unnecessary biopsies and undetected tumors.
A new surgical technique called 'sharpless' surgery uses laparoscopy, electrocautery, and skin clips to reduce the risk of infection. The study found that blood-borne pathogens are associated with certain operations and that inexperienced surgeons-in-training are at greatest risk.
Researchers found that minocycline reduced brain cell damage, inflammation, and virus levels in SIV-infected monkeys, a potential breakthrough for treating HIV-related cognitive impairment. The antibiotic was able to calm down undefined biological pathways involved in neurodegenerative diseases.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers found that the annual operating costs for medical institutional review boards (IRBs) range from $171,014 to $4,705,333. The median cost is $741,920, with low-volume institutions having the lowest IRB costs and high-volume centers benefiting from economies of scale.
Researchers discovered that a 'fickle' enzyme plays both protective and detrimental roles in the heart. When its cofactor is present, it helps regulate blood flow and heart function, but without it, the enzyme produces factors contributing to oxidative stress.
A national matching program for kidney donors and recipients can significantly increase the number of transplants, improve match quality and survival rates, while reducing travel costs.
A new study published in JAMA found that low-birthweight infants have elevated levels of apolipoprotein C-1, a biomarker associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Infants born at 28 weeks or earlier and weighing less than 3.4 pounds were more likely to have high apo C-1 levels.
A recent study published by Johns Hopkins Medicine suggests that statin use may lower the risk of developing advanced prostate cancer by half. The researchers tracked 34,438 male health professionals and found that those taking cholesterol-lowering drugs had a significantly reduced risk of advanced prostate cancers.
A study published by Johns Hopkins Medicine suggests that participating in a variety of physical activities may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease in older adults. The research found that individuals who engaged in multiple activities had a lower risk of dementia compared to those who participated in fewer activities.
Researchers discover risk-increasing mutation in non-coding region of RET gene associated with Hirschsprung disease, challenging traditional focus on protein-coding sequences. The study highlights the importance of non-coding regions in disease development.
Older adults with mild hypertension did not experience significant reductions in blood pressure through exercise alone, according to a new study. However, those who lost fat and gained muscle showed more substantial benefits.
Scientists discovered the ESCO2 gene responsible for pseudothalidomide syndrome through advanced genetic analysis and comparative genomics. The study provides new insights into craniofacial and limb development, health, and disease.
A Hopkins study found that treating older children with amblyopia can be effective in improving vision. The research challenged traditional age-based treatment guidelines, showing success in teenagers as young as 13. While some visual impairment remains, the treatment offers hope for improved sight.
The study found that PTEN and PI3K are required for cell migration and division, raising hopes for new treatments in cancer and inflammatory disorders. The researchers also discovered a novel mechanism by which cells regulate PIP3 levels to control cell migration.
A US-India research team has completed an analysis of the X chromosome, identifying 43 new gene structures that encode proteins. The study, published in Nature Genetics, used a novel approach that compared human and mouse protein sequences to reveal previously unknown genes linked to X-linked mental retardation syndromes.
Researchers found that urine's limited niacin triggers Candida glabrata's adhesion-promoting genes, allowing it to stick to host cells. The study provides insights into the mechanism of C. glabrata's adherence to mucosal tissues and blood vessels.
The Hopkins team is conducting a Phase I study to test the safety of injecting donor adult stem cells into patients who have recently suffered a heart attack. The study aims to determine if the stem cells can repair damage to the heart muscle and restore its function.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified two proteins that help replace calcium-allowing channels with ones that keep calcium out, potentially protecting nerve cells from Lou Gehrig's disease. The discovery may lead to new ways to harness the channel-changing ability in other brain cells.
Researchers found that a gene controlling cholesterol production also senses oxygen levels, similar to human cells. This discovery offers a new strategy for killing infectious yeast while exploring potential connections between cholesterol and oxygen sensing in humans.
Researchers found that vaccinating mice with prostate cancer immediately after hormone therapy triggers a stronger T-cell response against the cancer. The strategy could lead to better vaccine effectiveness in humans, delaying the need for additional treatments or hormone therapy.
Johns Hopkins researchers have found that modern implanted heart devices are safe for use in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines. The team has also developed new guidelines for their use, making MRI scans more available to people who may benefit from early detection of cancer and other diseases.
Researchers discovered that sirtuin1 and PGC1-alpha proteins interact to trigger glucose production in the liver. Targeting this interaction could help control sugar production in people with diabetes, potentially leading to new treatment options.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a new method to educate T-cells in the bone marrow, increasing their ability to recognize and kill cancer cells. The approach shows promise for treating myeloma and potentially other blood and solid tumors.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine study successfully integrated the Affinity/Avidity test with the STARHS protocol to detect new HIV cases. The dual testing method showed a significant reduction in false positive diagnoses, resulting in more accurate monitoring of new infections.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine found a second reservoir of HIV that harbors unique viral variants, suggesting lifelong treatment is necessary to prevent re-emergence. The archival virus has not mutated to become drug-resistant, according to recent findings.
Researchers find that mice with a double dose of IGF2 develop more precursor cells in the colon, doubling cancer risk when combined with a colon-cancer-causing genetic mutation. This epigenetic problem may contribute to colon cancer development.
Researchers analyzed viral RNA from 39 couples in a long-term HIV study to identify variations of the virus that were transmitted during sex. The findings showed distinct patterns in HIV-1 variant diversity for male-to-female versus female-to-male transmission.
Hopkins researchers identify NKCC1 as key player in maintaining high chloride levels in odor-detecting cells. The same transporter facilitates secretion of digestive juices and communication between the nose and brain. This finding sheds light on how our bodies process smells and could lead to new understanding of neurological functions.
A study led by Hopkins researchers found that providing packets of antibiotics or mailing medication directly to partners significantly reduced re-infections with gonorrhea and Chlamydia. The expedited approach resulted in a 68% decrease in re-infections with gonorrhea and an 18% decrease overall, when results for both diseases were co...
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that HIV 'blips' in viral load are mathematical artifacts caused by test variations, not signs of drug resistance. The study reassures patients on HAART therapy that their medications haven't failed and provide a better understanding of when to worry about blips.
Researchers discovered that prostaglandin PGD2 has protective effects in the brain, potentially outweighing its negative consequences. The study suggests that targeting this prostaglandin may lead to new therapeutic approaches for conditions involving brain damage, such as stroke and Parkinson's disease.
Researchers discovered high levels of airborne mouse allergen in inner-city homes, increasing the risk of asthma symptoms and attacks in children. To control this allergen, parents can seal cracks and holes, dispose of food remains, and have pest exterminators treat their home.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered 'broken heart' syndrome, a condition where emotional stress triggers severe but reversible heart muscle weakness. The study found that patients experienced rapid improvement in heart function within days and complete recovery within two weeks.
Researchers discovered that failing hearts experience an energy deficit due to a 50% reduction in ATP energy supplied by creatine kinase. This finding suggests new treatments may target the energy supply to improve heart function.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine study found that pilots with a DWI history have a 43% higher crash risk than their counterparts without one. The researchers analyzed over 300,000 pilots and tracked their flying records, concluding that background checks can effectively predict and prevent crashes.
A study of 3,107 older adults found that screening for osteoporosis using a bone density test reduced the incidence of hip fractures by 36% compared to usual medical care. The study provides new evidence for the effectiveness of osteoporosis screening in preventing fractures.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered a new syndrome characterized by wide-set eyes, cleft palate, or split uvula, and aggressive swelling of the aorta. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent aortic rupture and save lives, with surgery often successful if performed promptly.
A randomized, placebo-controlled trial showed etanercept was ineffective in preventing disease flares for patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. The study found that most patients experienced disease remissions at a high cost due to treatment-associated adverse effects.