A new mathematical model helps researchers predict the spread of dengue fever in urban areas by analyzing neighborhood conditions and human travel patterns. The SIR-Network model reveals that central neighborhoods are crucial hubs for transmission, emphasizing the need for countermeasures before epidemics peak.
Researchers apply shape optimization methods to enhance electric motor performance, achieving a 27% decrease in cost functional. The approach identifies optimal motor geometries that cannot be imagined beforehand, resulting in smoother rotation patterns and improved overall efficiency.
Eitan Tadmor, a renowned mathematician, has received the prestigious Peter Henrici Prize for his groundbreaking work on nonlinear partial differential equations. His research has had significant impacts on fields like fluid dynamics, image processing, and social dynamics.
Gerhard Wanner has been awarded the SIAM's George Pólya Prize for Mathematical Exposition, recognized for his effective communication of deep mathematics in books on numerical ODEs and geometric integration. He received the prize for his cumulative impact on teaching and understanding analysis and geometry.
Linda J.S. Allen, a renowned mathematician at Texas Tech University, has been recognized with the AWM-SIAM Sonia Kovalevsky Lecture award for her significant contributions to ordinary differential equations, difference equations, and stochastic models, particularly in the areas of infectious diseases and ecology.
Carlos Castillo-Chavez receives SIAM Prize for his distinguished service to the profession and contributions to applied mathematics. He has made significant impacts in disease dispersal, addiction, and complex systems through his research at Arizona State University.
Brown University professor George Em Karniadakis has been awarded the Ralph E. Kleinman Prize by SIAM for his contributions to applied mathematics, specifically in computational fluid dynamics and stochastic modeling. The $5,000 prize recognizes his research bridging high-level mathematics with practical applications.
Jennifer Tour Chayes of Microsoft receives the highest honor from SIAM, awarded for her groundbreaking work on phase transitions in mathematics and computing. She will deliver a prize lecture on massive networks on August 12.
Francis Clarke of Université Claude Bernard is the recipient of the 2015 W.T. and Idalia Reid Prize, awarded by the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM). He received a cash prize of $10,000, an engraved medal, and delivered a prize lecture on definitions and hypotheses in control theory.
A new mathematical model investigates the impact of individual movement on infectious disease spread, finding that spatial dispersal can create up to nine stable equilibria. The study highlights the importance of considering both backward bifurcation and spatial mobility in epidemiology.
Researchers at UT Austin study computational models and simulations of hurricanes like Ike to predict storm surge and flooding consequences. Advanced tools in high-performance computing are used to improve simulation accuracy.
A mathematical model proposes that parties form coalitions based on interactions with voters and constituents, analyzing the likelihood of coalition formation. The model accounts for eight different possibilities that can change over time.
Researchers develop algorithm to optimize timing strategy for cascading behavior in social networks, considering individual preferences and network structure. The study reveals the importance of timing in catalyzing cascades, with effective strategies increasing likelihood of widespread adoption.
James M. Crowley, SIAM's Executive Director, has been named a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for his outstanding record as a scientific administrator in the US Air Force and his two decades of leadership at SIAM. Crowley holds a PhD in Applied Mathematics from Brown University.
Researchers analyzed vaccine failures and found that leaky vaccines lead to higher infection rates in the long run. The study also showed that all-or-nothing and waning vaccines have distinct dynamics following mass vaccination, providing an alternative explanation for disease resurgence.
A pair of mathematicians from France propose a system of ordinary differential equations to optimize running strategies. The model uses physiological parameters and energy conservation principles, allowing for the prediction of ideal race performances.
The Gauss von Mises (GVM) distribution offers improved predictive capabilities for tracking infrequently-observed space objects. This new approach allows for more accurate prediction of satellite and debris locations, enabling better resource allocation and detection of potential collisions.
Dr. Leslie F. Greengard has been awarded the 2014 John von Neumann Lecture prize for his transformative contributions to computational science. He will receive the award and deliver a keynote lecture on Fast, Accurate Tools for Physical Modeling in Complex Geometry at the SIAM Annual Meeting in Chicago.
Mathematicians develop models to describe cell migration and tumor invasion, as well as dispersal patterns in species. The studies reveal the existence and uniqueness of traveling waves in malignant tumor invasion and show how fitness-dependent dispersal conveys advantages towards ideal free distribution in populations.
A mathematical model studies opinion dynamics in a population, considering factors like interaction with peers, media influence, and social media. The study provides insights into how information distribution affects societal opinions.
A novel approach to managing model structural uncertainty is introduced, which can help prioritize improvements for better decision-making. The method analyzes internal discrepancies within the model and expresses beliefs about error sizes, providing an indication of relative importance.
A new statistical hierarchical Bayesian model consolidates climate change information from various sources, including observation-based data sets and climate models. The approach provides an ensemble estimate of current and future climate along with a measure of uncertainty.
Researchers develop a reaction-diffusion model to account for seasonal patterns in Lyme disease transmission, taking into consideration factors such as temperature, rainfall, and resource availability. The model aims to drive the basic reproduction number R0 below 1 to eradicate the disease.
Researchers devised a mathematical model to improve treatment options for coronary heart disease (CHD), which accounts for 18% of US deaths annually. The model helps explain the factors governing drug release and distribution in drug-eluting stents, providing valuable insight into developing better treatments.
Researchers have created robotic devices that mimic the movement of clams and snails, enabling them to burrow into sand with reduced friction. These devices could find use in applications such as automatic tethers, anchoring systems, and underwater mining.
A new PDE model computes the value of a defined pension plan, including the option for early retirement. The authors provide mathematical analysis and numerical methods to solve the problem, allowing users to identify optimal retirement dates.
Researchers develop an algorithm for image stitching that minimizes seam artifacts by smoothing the transition between images, producing visually appealing results. The approach is based on minimizing an energy function and can be used for both two-dimensional and future three-dimensional image stitching applications.
Researchers develop Lévy flight-based model to analyze criminal movement, revealing optimal strategy for maximizing crime hotspots. The model provides insights into the relationship between step sizes and hotspot formation, shedding light on the complex dynamics of burglary hotspots.
Researchers use mathematical models to predict vegetation pattern formation in dry environments. The Klausmeier model determines the critical rainfall level needed for banded vegetation patterns to form. This study has significant implications for land management and environmental concerns.
Researchers developed a nonlinear model to study aircraft landing gear dynamics, identifying conditions for shimmy oscillations. The model provides insights into stability and design features, aiding in optimizing aircraft performance.
Stanley Osher, a professor at UCLA, is awarded the 2013 John von Neumann Lecture for his groundbreaking work on non-oscillatory methods, level set methods, and l1 and TVD methods. His research has numerous applications in engineering, physics, and image processing.
Margaret Cheney, a leading researcher in inverse problems and radar imaging, will deliver the AWM-SIAM Sonia Kovalevsky Lecture. Her work has developed solutions to longstanding problems in radar imaging using Microlocal Analysis, a method largely unknown to the radar community.
Lexing Ying, a professor of mathematics at Stanford University, will receive the SIAM's James H. Wilkinson Prize for his outstanding contributions to numerical analysis and scientific computing. His research focuses on designing fast and accurate algorithms for fundamental problems in scientific computing.
Dr. Tyrone Duncan will receive the W. T. and Idalia Reid Prize for his fundamental contributions to nonlinear filtering, stochastic control, and probability geometry. The prize recognizes his work in differential geometry, probability, stochastic control, and statistics.
Mathematical analysis reveals that viral blips occur naturally due to infection rate saturation, not external triggers. Models propose a 5-dimensional immunological model that can generate blips, applicable to various viral diseases and autoimmune disorders.
Theoretical mathematical models can help analyze viral dynamics in the early phase following exposure to HIV, providing insights into therapeutic and prevention strategies. The models suggest that reverse transcriptase inhibitors are more effective than protease inhibitors for PrEP, while fast initiation of treatment is crucial for PEP.
Researchers have developed a mathematical model that uses game theory to disrupt the flow of information in terrorist networks. The model, inspired by a two-player outdoor game called Seepage, can identify the most effective points for disrupting messages in hierarchical social networks.
The new model helps authorities find a sensible balance in mitigating natural hazards, taking into account deep uncertainties and limited resources. The study provides methods to estimate the expected value of damage and predict probabilities of disasters.
Researchers are using computational models to analyze cardiac function, diagnose, and develop new treatments for conditions like atrial fibrillation and cardiac arrhythmia. They also created a framework to study drug interactions and predict pro- or anti-arrhythmic effects.
The Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) has announced its 2013 Class of Fellows, comprising 33 renowned mathematicians. These individuals were recognized for their outstanding research and service to the mathematical community.
The new journal focuses on research advances in uncertainty quantification, covering topics like finance, disaster preparedness, and porous media flows. The inaugural volume features papers on novel methods for reducing computational complexity and estimating information content in data assimilation.
A mathematical model analyzes the spread of energy-efficient technologies in a community, highlighting the role of social networks and personal factors. The study provides tools for local authorities to assess the success of intervention strategies and reduce household energy bills and carbon emissions.
Researchers develop a physical model for sap exudation, attributing mechanism to pressure and volume changes in tree's vascular tissue. The model incorporates dynamics of thawing sap, dissolving gas bubbles, and osmotic pressure gradient.
Researchers used police department records to determine gang memberships based on social and geographical information, identifying hotspots and clusters of individuals with similar behavior. The study showed that incorporating both social and geographic distance in models of gang violence provides more comprehensive analysis.
The SIAM careers guide offers a variety of fulfilling career choices for math enthusiasts, including jobs in banking, engineering, and robotics. The guide provides insights and advice from professionals in the field, such as finding a niche that combines math with another interest.
A new approach uses partial differential equations to model pollution spread and identify potential contamination sources. The method provides fast solutions, but more complex models are needed for realistic networks.
A mathematical model analyzes the impact of disease, animal migrations, and Allee effects on biodiversity. The study finds that population extinction is possible even when a healthy population is subject to small perturbations, highlighting the importance of considering global survival in ecosystem resilience.
Researchers, led by Dr. Emily Shuckburgh, apply mathematical ideas from dynamical systems to analyze circulation in the Southern Ocean. Mixing of water with different properties is a key determinant in heat uptake by oceans.
Researchers develop novel mathematical models for injection of insulin in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, simulating injections of insulin in the manner of insulin pumps. The models simulate open-loop and closed-loop systems, achieving real-time feedback between glucose levels and insulin delivery.
A new method uses fusion of photographs taken from different angles to create reliable reproductions of paintings, eliminating the need for sophisticated illumination and acquisition requirements. The postproduction process is fully automated and can be done with a commercial hand-held camera.