Researchers at Stanford University have made major advances in the optogenetics technique, enabling a wider range of experiments with larger animals. The new capabilities include using any visible color of light and harnessing intracellular trafficking to spread the optogenetic effect throughout brain circuits.
A Stanford University computer scientist developed a method that uses mathematical logic and large public databases to find new genes involved in stem cell development. In just milliseconds, the technique identified 62 genes that match expected patterns, providing clues for researchers on where to look next.
Scientists have identified a molecular master switch that catalyzes the transition of precursor cells to mature oligodendrocytes in the brain. The molecule miR-219 plays a crucial role in this process, which has implications for treating diseases such as multiple sclerosis and gliomas.
Researchers successfully used a new technique to pinpoint changes in one cell type that flagged the likelihood of kidney-transplant recipients rejecting their new organs. The algorithm enabled doctors to better identify the onset of cancers, genetic disorders, and other problems by analyzing whole-blood samples.
Researchers found more-aggressive ESA treatment practices among severely anemic patients led to better outcomes, while aggressive treatment of mildly anemic patients was associated with increased mortality. The study analyzed data from 4,500 U.S. dialysis units and supported guidelines for safer ESA use in end-stage renal disease patie...
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine discovered that restricting genetic splicing variants decreases as embryonic stem cells differentiate into specialized cells. This finding provides new insights into the complex process of neural differentiation and potential implications for human development.
A new study by Stanford cardiologists suggests that routine electrocardiogram (ECG) testing of young American athletes can save lives while being reasonable in cost. The research challenges conventional wisdom that ECGs are too expensive to be required prior to competitive exercise.
A voluntary effort to reduce salt in processed foods could lead to a 9.5% decline in Americans' salt intake, preventing strokes and heart attacks in nearly a million people. The initiative is estimated to save $32.1 billion in medical costs and extend the lives of Americans by 1.3 million years.
A Stanford University study found that acupuncture significantly reduced depression symptoms in pregnant women. The treatment was associated with a 63% response rate, compared to 44% for other groups. The researchers hope to raise awareness of the problem and provide an alternative to antidepressants.
Researchers at Stanford University have discovered a way to prevent glioblastoma cells from growing back after radiation by blocking their access to oxygen and nutrients. The discovery, using the small molecule AMD3100, has shown promise in preventing tumor recurrence.
A Stanford University School of Medicine review confirms FDA concerns about quinine's effectiveness and safety for treating muscle cramps. The study suggests alternative therapies like vitamin B complex, calcium-channel blocking agents, and anti-epileptic drugs may be effective but require further research.
People with generalized anxiety disorder have abnormalities in brain emotion regulation, affecting response to negative stimuli. This study's findings may lead to more accurate diagnosis and effective treatment options.
Researchers use minicircles to reprogram adult cells, achieving higher efficiency than viral vectors and introducing new hope for regenerative medicine applications. The discovery enables easier creation of induced pluripotent stem cells, which can be used to study human diseases and develop novel treatments.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have found a protein controlling DNA accessibility responsible for the cells' developmental flexibility, offering insights into CHARGE syndrome and cancer metastasis. The study suggests that increased CHD7 levels may enhance metastasis in certain cancers.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have successfully converted mouse skin cells directly into functional nerve cells using just three genes. This breakthrough finding could revolutionize human stem cell therapy and change our understanding of cellular specialization.
Researchers identified a novel class of compounds that inhibit HCV replication by disrupting a critical virus-initiated activity, offering a prospect for inhibiting viral replication with minimal toxicity. The compounds were found through an in vitro assay and demonstrated effectiveness against HCV's replication cycle.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine identified a new method for reducing drug side effects by focusing on neglected areas of cell-surface proteins. By analyzing the shape changes in response to drugs, they discovered potential targets for more selective and effective medications.
A study published in Cancer Prevention Research suggests that topical application of celecoxib may prevent basal cell carcinoma. The research found that celecoxib reduced the growth of skin tumors by 50% and tumor burden in patients with a genetic predisposition to the disease.
Researchers have identified a critical component, Jarid2, of the delicate balancing act between stem cell specialization and cellular chaos. The study reveals how Jarid2 recruits PRC2 to genes important in differentiation and modulates its activity to keep it poised for action.
Scientists at Stanford University School of Medicine have found that pairs of autoimmune diseases are linked in clinical practice and can be attributed to specific genetic variations known as SNPs. The researchers identified 15 key SNPs that predispose individuals to multiple autoimmune diseases, while also protecting them against others.
A new study published in the Journal of Pediatric Psychology found that children with PTSD symptoms exhibit poor hippocampus function, which can lead to avoidance and numbing symptoms. The research provides a potential biomarker for early detection and improved treatments for traumatized children.
A new study demonstrates that muscle cells grown in the lab can restore an intestine's ability to squeeze shut properly. The technique may strengthen sphincters, which are bands of muscle separating intestinal sections, and treat conditions like gastric reflux and fecal incontinence.
Researchers found that patients with high immune response during surgery recovered faster and had better knee function. Men were more likely to mount the beneficial stress response, leading to full recovery. The study suggests simple blood tests could predict patient recovery months after surgery.
Researchers have identified two molecules, K and D, that stabilize brain circuitry development and enhance visual learning in mice. Removing these molecules can improve performance in visual tasks.
A Stanford University School of Medicine study found that boosting norepinephrine signaling in mice with Down syndrome-like conditions improves cognition. The researchers suggest using existing medications targeting depression and ADHD to treat the condition.
A study by Stanford researchers identifies a molecular pathway that counters acetaminophen toxicity, which can lead to liver failure. The discovery highlights the potential of S-methylmethionine, a common herbal medicine supplement, in preventing liver damage caused by acetaminophen overdose.
A new NIH study led by Stanford University School of Medicine researcher Mark Hlatky found that drug therapy is more cost-effective than angioplasty for diabetic patients with mild-to-moderate heart disease. The study showed an average savings of $11,000 per patient over four years.
A Stanford study reveals that a gene linked to human longevity impacts the brain's ability to generate new neurons. Researchers found that mice without this gene had fewer neural stem cells and more rapidly churned out nerve cell precursors, leading to brain weight increases.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have successfully turned human embryonic stem cells into precursors for sperm and eggs in the laboratory. This breakthrough could help unlock the mysteries of infertility, particularly in cases where an inability to produce eggs or sperm is the cause.
A Stanford study published in the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology found that catheter-directed therapy can save lives in people with massive blood clots in their lungs. The treatment was effective in 86.5% of cases and appeared to be safer than existing treatments.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a cellular mechanism that causes lupus-like symptoms in mice. The study found that macrophages play a crucial role in disposing of dying cells, and a specific molecule called PPAR-delta helps regulate this process.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that dialysis for nursing home seniors does not improve functional capacity and may even worsen quality of life. Researchers call for individualized approaches to treatment, considering patients' goals and prognostic information.
A new study by Stanford University School of Medicine found that areas with high concentrations of magnetic resonance imaging machines are more likely to have patients undergoing back surgeries. The researchers correlated the number of MRI machines in an area with the likelihood of low-back pain patients receiving MRIs and subsequent s...
A Stanford University researcher has pinpointed the mechanism by which a gene associated with both autism and schizophrenia influences behavior in mice. The study identified behavioral changes in the mice similar to some symptoms of autism and schizophrenia, highlighting the complexities of cognitive disorders.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a key molecular player in guiding synapse formation in the brain, advancing understanding of brain development and potential approaches to countering brain disorders. The study also pinpoints the biochemical mechanism by which anti-seizure drug gabapentin works.
New research shows that daily fluctuations in glucocorticoids directly synchronize the biological clock and regulate blood sugar levels. This finding may help doctors reduce debilitating side effects of glucocorticoid drugs and aid diabetics in controlling their blood sugar levels.
A new study by Stanford University scientists found that starting a vaccination campaign a few weeks earlier could save almost 600 lives and over $150 million. Vaccinating sooner rather than later provides the best strategy to save lives and dollars in flu pandemics.
Researchers found that short-term stress enhances anti-tumor activity in mice, with fewer developing skin cancer and lower tumor burden. The stressed mice showed increased levels of immune-activating genes, suggesting a longer-term enhancement of immunity.
Researchers have identified versatile cells in liposuction leftovers that can be quickly converted into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), potentially revolutionizing regenerative medicine. The study shows a 20-fold improvement in efficiency compared to skin cells, which are more challenging to reprogram.
Researchers link high blood pressure to multiple sclerosis and suggest a safe, inexpensive drug lisinopril could be an effective treatment option. The study found that lisinopril controls blood pressure by blocking an enzyme that converts angiotensin's precursor into the active hormone.
Researchers from Stanford University School of Medicine propose requiring drug manufacturers to state how new medications compare with existing treatments. The proposed labeling would help patients and insurers make informed decisions about treatment options.
A Stanford professor has successfully sequenced his entire genome for under $50,000 and with a team of just two people. The breakthrough demonstrates that genome sequencing can be democratized, enabling anyone to access the information, which can lead to personalized medicine and better understanding of traits and health.
Only two human embryonic stem cell lines, H1 and H9, have been used routinely in research, with the majority of requests coming from these lines. This finding raises concerns about the impact on future research and the need for a more diverse range of cell lines.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered a common molecular pathway used by breast cancer stem cells and normal breast stem cells when reproducing. Increasing the levels of miR-200c suppresses their ability to divide and reproduce.
Researchers found that Relenza and Tamiflu equally prevent common flu symptoms in uninfected individuals, but data on vulnerable groups is lacking. The two drugs may also help combat oseltamivir-resistant influenza, but their effectiveness in preventing transmission among asymptomatic carriers is unknown.
Researchers at Stanford's School of Medicine identified human bladder cancer stem cells and revealed how they work to escape the body's natural defenses. The discovery may be a valuable therapeutic target for many types of cancers.
Researchers discovered that high glucose levels in diabetic tissue lead to reduced vascular endothelial growth factor production and impaired HIF-1a function. Deferoxamine, an iron-binding drug, has been shown to improve wound healing by restoring HIF-1a-p300 interaction, leading to increased growth factor production.
Current diagnostic tests for ovarian cancer are ineffective for early detection, but a new study suggests that with improved testing, tumors can be detected up to 4.3 years before diagnosis and treatment is possible. The window of opportunity for successful treatment is surprisingly long, making reliable early detection crucial.
Researchers at Stanford University Medical School have discovered that leukemia stem cells can escape detection by co-opting a protective molecular badge used by normal blood stem cells. The molecule, CD47, protects the leukemia stem cells from macrophages, allowing them to evade the immune system. Studies found that patients with high...
Scientists at Stanford University School of Medicine have created fluorescent probes that can noninvasively image apoptosis in living tumors, allowing for the gauge of treatment effectiveness. The probes bind exclusively to caspases, enzymes regulating cell death, and respond with light emission, highlighting dying cells.