A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that continuous chest compressions during out-of-hospital CPR did not provide better outcomes for patients with cardiac arrest. In contrast, interrupting manual chest pumping to perform rescue breathing appeared to improve survival rates among those who received this approach.
Researchers have grown mini-kidney organoids in a laboratory by combining stem cell biology with leading-edge gene-editing techniques. These engineered mini-kidneys contain tubules, filtering cells and blood vessel cells, and can mimic both healthy and diseased kidneys.
Researchers discovered insulin delivered via nasal cavity reaches affected brain areas, improving memory in a mouse model. The study suggests potential future treatments using gastrointestinal hormones like insulin to combat Alzheimer's disease.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, and mental health professionals, hold implicit biases towards lesbian women and gay men. The study used the Sexuality Implicit Association Test to assess attitudes towards sexual orientation among over 200,000 p...
Peter Greenberg and colleague Bonnie Bassler's work on quorum sensing has far-reaching implications for medicine and agriculture. Hundreds of bacterial species use quorum sensing to control various things, and the researchers aim to develop novel medicines targeting this process.
A new screen has identified key environmental signals that modulate bacterial behavior in Salmonella typhimurium, a food-poisoning bacterium. These signals trigger survival tactics and alter biofilm formation.
A new report recommends that Congress authorize the development of nationally scaled genomic data systems for patient safety, public health, and scientific advancement. The authors argue that existing regulatory resources are insufficient to assure patients of maximal benefits from genomic testing.
A novel antibody, Ab926, has been discovered that can prevent E. coli from attaching to human cell surfaces and also dislodge bacteria already attached. This antibody works by binding to the side of the FimH pocket, rather than directly competing with free-floating mannose.
Researchers found that genetic mutations passed from mothers to sons are more likely to increase autism risk. The study provides a comprehensive genetic picture of autism and may lead to the discovery of biomarkers for diagnosis and targeted treatments.
A molecular switch controlling heart cell maturation has been discovered, enabling the creation of adult-like heart cells in a laboratory setting. The discovery may lead to new methods for treating heart disease using stem cells.
Dying daughter cells release protein Pvf1, binding to nearby mother stem cells' receptors, preventing apoptosis. This allows stem cells to survive until they can regenerate damaged tissue. The discovery may lead to new cancer treatments by targeting protective signals in tumor-initiating cells.
Researchers analyzed over 12,000 proteins in triple-negative breast cancer cells, identifying subtypes and correlations with drug response. The findings suggest that treatments targeting cell spread may be effective against resistant tumors.
Current dietary guidelines for sodium and potassium are unfeasible, with only 0.3% of Americans meeting the World Health Organization's targets. The main issue is that sodium and potassium are found in many of the same foods, making it impossible to recommend a reduction in sodium intake while increasing potassium intake.
Researchers identified duplicate regions on chromosomes 18 as a cause of false-positive results, with longer chromosomes more prone to errors. The study suggests maternal copy-number variants may contribute substantially to elevated risks, emphasizing the need for follow-up testing.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed a new approach to diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) using oral swab samples, greatly improving on standard diagnostics. The method was tested in 20 healthy individuals and 20 TB patients, detecting TB in 18 out of 20 confirmed cases.
A large-scale analysis of the gut microbiome has identified significant variations in gene copy numbers across different strains of the same microbe species. These strain-level variations can affect the microbes' capabilities, lifestyle, and impact on human health, including obesity and inflammatory bowel disease.
Scientists have discovered that animals, including ticks and mites, have stolen bacterial toxin genes to defend against microbial infections. The transfer of these genes has been found in various animal species, including the deer tick, which can transmit Lyme disease.
The ferret genome sequencing study provides insights into the effects of pandemic flu and cystic fibrosis on respiratory tissues. The analysis shows distinct responses in the trachea and lungs to different viruses, shedding light on the course of infection.
A new genome sequencing technology has identified over 26,000 previously unknown genetic variants in the human genome. These discoveries have significant implications for understanding the causes of genetic conditions and may lead to breakthroughs in personalized medicine.
A new mouse model reveals that genetic factors play a significant role in the severity of Ebola disease. Research suggests that certain genetic lines of mice are more resistant to the virus, while others are highly susceptible to severe illness and death. The findings could lead to rapid development of candidate therapeutics and vaccines.
Researchers found a strong, extra-tight linkage that joins sister chromatids in early stages of meiosis, preventing premature separation and misalignment. This discovery sheds light on the mechanisms that ensure proper distribution of chromosomes in healthy cells.
Researchers have identified a genetic link between the CHD8 mutation and autism, affecting approximately half of those with the condition. The study found that individuals with this mutation often exhibit gastrointestinal disorders, sleep disturbances, and distinctive physical characteristics.
A computer-designed protein, BINDI, was engineered to trigger self-destruction of Epstein-Barr-infected cancer cells. It suppressed tumor growth and enabled mice with EBV-positive lymphoma to live longer.
Two proteins, HIF1α and HIF2α, play a key role in the formation of human stem cells through reprogramming. The findings advance understanding of stem cell development and suggest potential targets for new cancer therapies.
Scientists at the University of Washington have successfully created a line of human embryonic stem cells that can develop into various tissues. The new 'naive' cells retain their natural ability to differentiate into all types of human cells without artificial genes, opening up possibilities for regenerative medicine and transplantation.
A UW study of 1,228 female twins found that caregiving's relationship with depression, anxiety, and perceived mental health is influenced by genetics and upbringing. Anxiety is the most closely linked to caregiving, while environmental factors have a greater impact on perceived stress.
The article proposes guidelines for physicians to disclose mistakes made by colleagues, reframing the concept of 'collegiality' as an opportunity to discuss quality problems. Barriers to these conversations include shame, stigma, and malpractice insurers, but institutions can foster a culture of transparency and trust.
A new study from the University of Washington estimates nearly 500,000 excess Iraqi deaths between 2003 and 2011, with 40% attributed to indirect war-related causes. The research used a national cluster sample survey to analyze mortality rates before and during the conflict.
Scientists at the University of Washington have identified a population of neurons in the brain that tell the brain to shut off appetite. In mouse trials, activation of these neurons led to immediate loss of appetite and reduced food intake.
Researchers have identified multiple strains of simian foamy virus (SFV) in people living alongside macaques in urban areas, highlighting the need for long-term surveillance. The study's findings suggest that SFV can be transmitted through bites and may lead to viral recombination, posing a risk of pathogenic strain emergence.
The University of Washington School of Medicine's Division of Pain Medicine is developing leading-edge technologies to improve care for veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress (PTS), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and chronic pain. The grant will support provider education, clinical care guidelines, and outcomes-based research.
A study led by University of Washington researchers shows that genetic engineering can increase dATP levels in heart cells, leading to improved heart muscle function and greater force of contraction. The findings suggest a potential therapeutic treatment for heart failure conditions.
Researchers at the University of Washington examined the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which colonizes in cystic fibrosis patients. They found that certain cells called cheater cells share public goods without releasing them, leading to destabilization of cooperation and potential new strategies for infection control.
A University of Washington-led study found that using hormonal contraception increases an HIV-uninfected woman's chances of becoming infected by double. Women with HIV who use hormonal contraception are also twice as likely to transmit the virus to their male partners.
The Partners PrEP Study demonstrates that antiretroviral medication tenofovir significantly reduces HIV infection risk in individuals at high risk. The study found that those who received daily tablets containing tenofovir or a combination of tenofovir and emtricitabine experienced fewer HIV infections than those who received a placebo.
A study published in PLoS Medicine found that intensive adherence counseling significantly reduces poor adherence and virologic treatment failure in patients with HIV. Patients receiving counseling were 29% less likely to experience poor adherence, and those receiving early counseling had a 59% lower risk of viral failure.
A large multinational study found that antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly reduces HIV transmission risk, with 349 HIV-infected partners initiating ART at a rate of 90% HIV transmission reduction. Regular CD4 measurements and counseling services were provided to all couples.
Dr. H. Hunter Handsfield is a leading researcher in STD prevention, recognized for his work on asymptomatic gonorrhea, chlamydia screening, and expedited partner therapy. He has made significant contributions to understanding the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, treatment, and prevention of various STDs.
A recent study reveals a significant increase in childhood leukemia cases in Basrah, southern Iraq, with rates doubling over 15 years compared to neighboring countries like Kuwait and the European Union. The authors hope their findings will pave the way for an investigation into potential causes of this alarming trend.
A five-year international study found that acyclovir suppressive therapy did not reduce the risk of HIV transmission in couples where one partner had both HIV and HSV-2. The study revealed significant reductions in plasma HIV levels and genital ulcers, but no impact on HIV transmission.
The study found that real-time audio-feedback during EMS prehospital care improved clinical outcomes by better aligning CPR with AHA guidelines. However, it did not significantly impact survival to discharge or return of spontaneous circulation rates.
The University of Washington has received $25 million to launch the Northwest Genomics Center, a new large-scale genomics center focused on medical sequencing. The center will explore genetic connections to heart, lung, and blood diseases, with a goal of understanding disease susceptibility and resistance.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that starting antiretroviral treatment earlier can significantly increase survival rates among asymptomatic HIV patients. The research, led by Dr. Mari Kitahata at the University of Washington, analyzed data from over 17,500 patients and showed that delaying treatment u...
New data from Ugandan scientists find that adult male circumcision decreases rates of herpes and human papillomavirus (HPV), two most common sexually transmitted infections. Circumcision is linked to a 25% reduction in HPV risk and a third reduction in HPV risk, according to researchers at the University of Washington.