A study by Yale University researchers found that Sri Lankan rainforests are losing their ability to act as carbon sinks due to climate change, with some slow-growing tree species declining in biomass over a 40-year period.
Researchers at Yale University and NOVA University Lisbon discovered that a single family of proteins in soil bacteria acts as plugs to power nanowires, creating a natural electrical grid. This finding has implications for developing new energy sources and biomaterials, as well as mitigating methane emissions.
Researchers at Yale University discovered how insects detect specific sugars using a highly selective receptor that responds only to D-fructose. The study revealed the molecular basis of sugar detection, which may lead to new strategies against disease-transmitting mosquitoes and the development of electronic noses.
A new study by researchers at Yale University examines how retirement affects mental health among female workers in China. The research found that rates of hospital admissions for mental illnesses increased following retirement at age 50 for blue-collar women, but not for white-collar females retiring five years later.
Researchers have discovered how Beech Leaf Disease (BLD) affects beech trees, revealing a novel mechanistic explanation for its decline. The disease impacts leaf development and photosynthesis, leading to reduced carbon assimilation capacity and potential tree mortality.
A new Yale study found that older Americans have a high risk of hospital readmission within 180 days of undergoing major surgery. The risk is particularly acute for individuals with geriatric-specific conditions such as frailty and dementia, with rates of readmission ranging from 27.6% to 39%.
Researchers found that vaccines injected into mouse eyes can disable the herpes virus and activate an immune response through lymphatic vessels along the optic nerve. This discovery highlights a shared immune response between the brain and eyes, providing a potential new approach to combating ocular and central nervous system diseases.
A team of Yale chemists has synthesized eight anticancer molecules for the first time using a novel approach that combines inventive chemical strategy with advanced technology. The molecules have therapeutic potential and represent a significant breakthrough in synthetic chemistry.
Researchers found nine out of 40 studied systems have perfect alignment, suggesting planetary systems may prefer an orderly configuration. This could be beneficial for life forming in those systems, as misaligned stellar companions can disrupt planetary stability.
A new tool developed by Yale researchers evaluates the state of equity and inclusion in medical school learning environments. The tool provides scores based on student perceptions of faculty support, collaboration, and fostering a safe environment. Lower scores were found among students from historically marginalized backgrounds.
Researchers analyzed data from the Thain Family Forest in NYC, documenting changes in forest structure, diversity, and composition over a century. Despite significant changes, native species remained dominant, and the forest's canopy remained stable.
A Yale-led research team suggests that large asteroids could have triggered 'Snowball Earth' events, where the planet's surface was covered in ice for thousands of years. The study found that asteroid strikes could have tipped Earth into a state with sea ice thickness of up to 10 meters, even if initial climate conditions were already ...
A new report finds that increased federal funding for firearm injury prevention research led to a significant increase in clinical trials and publications on gun violence. The study, published in JAMA Surgery, shows a strong association between the amount of federal funding and the number of trials and publications.
Researchers create a mathematical model that explains how pit vipers amplify small signals and transmit them to their brain with high fidelity. The study reveals that the snakes' sensory organ can detect milli-Kelvin changes in temperature, requiring it to be 1,000 times more sensitive than its underlying molecular sensors.
A new mathematical model predicts that ovarian tissue freezing can potentially delay or eliminate menopause in healthy women. The study, led by Yale University's Kutluk Oktay, uses data from hundreds of previous procedures to estimate the maximum number of years menopause can be delayed, with younger women showing greater promise.
A Yale-led study reveals that pulmonary rehabilitation is difficult for millions of Americans to access due to geographic constraints. Despite 80% of Americans living within a 30-minute drive of a program, over 14 million people must travel more than an hour away for access. The study also uncovered racial disparities in access to pulm...
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a molecule called A485 that can rapidly increase white blood cell counts in mice. The short-term effect of the molecule could inform future treatments for patients with low immune activity, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or suffering from rare genetic conditions.
Researchers at Yale University identified a sodium channel, Nav1.7, that plays a key role in joint degeneration associated with osteoarthritis. Deleting this gene from collagen-producing cells significantly reduced joint damage in mice models.
Researchers found that RSV vaccines would dramatically reduce disease burden, hospitalizations, and deaths if widely adopted like flu shots. At 66% coverage, the vaccines resulted in a 41-60% reduction in outpatient care, hospitalizations, and RSV-related deaths.
A new method from Yale University offers a way to analyze how cancer mutations interact with each other, potentially leading to more effective targeted therapies. The approach characterizes the genetic trajectory of individual patients and can help determine appropriate treatments.
A Yale study finds that per- and polyfluoralkyl substances (PFAS) promote cancer migration by increasing cell motility and altering metabolic profiles. The study suggests that these 'forever chemicals' could contribute to cancer metastasis in living organisms.
Researchers found that traumatic experiences trigger highly individualized and fragmented brain activity, unlike normal memory formation. This difference may explain why PTSD patients struggle to recall traumatic events coherently.
Yale paleontologists have identified a new fossil lizard, Helioscopus dickersonae, which suggests that gecko ancestors appeared in North America earlier than previously known. The discovery provides insights into the physical features of early geckos and their behavior, including their ability to climb trees.
A new study from Yale University finds that prenatal exposure to discrimination and acculturation can alter the brain circuitry of infants. Researchers used MRI to assess brain connectivity in 38 infants born to mothers who experienced discrimination during pregnancy. The findings suggest a unique impact on the infant's brain, particul...
A genome-wide study of over 1 million people identified dozens of genetic variants linked to cannabis use disorder and related health issues. The study found associations between cannabis use disorder and psychiatric disorders, as well as an elevated risk of developing lung cancer.
Researchers found that neural signaling during online exchanges was substantially suppressed compared to face-to-face conversations. The study used imaging tools to track brain activity in real-time, revealing increased coordination of neural activity and enhanced face processing ability during in-person interactions.
The US is experiencing an explosive rise in tick-borne diseases, with over 490,000 annual cases fueled by increased white-tailed deer populations and forest regrowth. New vaccines targeting human hosts and animals are being developed to combat this growing health threat.
Researchers at Yale University found that new 'non-menthol' cigarettes use synthetic additives like WS-3 to deliver similar cooling sensations as menthol without minty aroma or taste. This threatens to derail existing local and proposed federal menthol bans aimed at curbing smoking.
Researchers at Yale University found a protein, CXCR4, plays a crucial role in modulating the immune system during pregnancy. The study suggests that this protein may be targeted for new treatments of reproductive conditions such as recurrent pregnancy loss and preeclampsia.
A new CRISPR-based gene therapy platform will be developed to target genetic brain diseases like Angelman syndrome and H1-4 syndrome. The platform utilizes a novel delivery technology called STEP (Stimuli-responsive Traceless Engineering Platform), which has the capacity to revolutionize genome-editing therapy.
A new study by Yale sociologist Rene Almeling found that despite the shift in social and scientific views on gender, sex, and sexuality, a common metaphor of active sperm penetrating a passive egg remains widely used. However, another more egalitarian metaphor describing sperm and egg as two halves of a whole is also circulating.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine identified distinct immune and hormonal responses in people with long COVID, which may help scientists develop new diagnostics and therapies. The study found increased circulation of antibodies that fight non-COVID-19 viruses and lower levels of cortisol, a steroid hormone released during stress.
Researchers at Yale University have developed an expanded classification system for pregnancy losses based on pathologic examination of loss placentas. This system accurately determined the pathologic diagnoses for over 90% of previously unexplained pregnancies, including miscarriages and stillbirths.
Researchers argue that equipping animals with sensors can provide valuable, localized data on environmental conditions impacted by climate change. The technology can help fill critical data gaps, particularly in remote areas.
In a study of over 5,000 people from 49 countries, Yale researchers found that love songs were the only genre not universally recognized. Despite this, listeners accurately identified dance and lullabies across cultures.
A new study by Yale researchers found that despite reductions in fine particulate air pollution, racial and ethnic minorities still experience disproportionately high rates of cardiovascular disease-related deaths. The study found that Black people face the highest burden, with a mortality rate 4.59 times higher than white people in 2001.
A new AI-powered triage platform uses machine learning and metabolomics data to predict patient disease severity and length of hospitalization during a viral outbreak. The platform integrates routine clinical data, patient comorbidity information, and untargeted plasma metabolomics data to drive its predictions.
Researchers tracked infections among Connecticut correctional facility residents to find that high exposure to the virus reduces vaccination and prior infection effectiveness. Hybrid immunity provides higher protection in such settings.
Cancer patients undergoing certain treatments are at higher risk of COVID-19 infection, but boosting can significantly reduce this risk. Boosting every three months cuts the risk in half, according to a study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
Researchers found that children with autism and macrocephaly exhibit excessive growth of excitatory neurons, while others show a deficit. The study's findings could help doctors diagnose autism and identify potential treatments for specific cases.
Yale researchers have created a functional humanized liver in living mice, enabling scientists to study human-specific mechanisms for regulating cholesterol levels and treating chronic liver diseases. The discovery uses progenitor stem cells and mature cells from a human liver to mimic the cellular functions of a healthy human liver.
A new study from Yale University has found a way to reduce the 'friendly fire' effect in CAR T-cell therapy, a promising form of immunotherapy. By fusing a molecular tail onto engineered T cells, researchers can inhibit their proclivity to attack each other, allowing them to survive longer and be less exhausted.
A genetic analysis of individuals buried at Machu Picchu suggests a highly heterogeneous population with diverse ethnic origins. The study finds that many retainers were of Amazonian origin and had mixed ancestries, indicating selective mate choice.
Researchers at Yale University reveal that the LRRK2 gene suppresses activity in lysosomes, microscopic organelles that break down cellular waste. This loss of function may explain the link between LRRK2 and Parkinson's disease, as well as other neurodegenerative conditions.
A new study by Yale researchers finds that OxyContin's early marketing led to rises in hepatitis diagnoses, infective endocarditis deaths, and injection drug-related infections. States targeted for more marketing experienced higher rates of these outcomes after 2010.
A study published in Nature Cell Biology found that blood stem cell diversity arises during embryonic development and can be manipulated in childhood to improve overall health. The researchers used zebrafish and human pluripotent stem cells to demonstrate the potential of enhancing blood stem cell production.
A new study by Yale University reveals that combining pembrolizumab with other treatments reduces tumor size and improves response rates for patients with advanced NSCLC. The treatment regimens resulted in higher survival outcomes, particularly in patients with specific biomarker-defined subgroups.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered that the immune system plays a crucial role in changing behavior in response to allergens and toxins. By manipulating immune system variables, scientists were able to alter the behavior of sensitized mice, demonstrating the importance of immune recognition in controlling defensive behaviors.
Increased US-China trade created net welfare gains, but unequal distribution among winners and losers. The 2018 trade war reversed these gains and had modest positive effects on some industries and states.
A new study reveals that eliminating extra chromosomes in cancer cells prevents tumor growth and compromises malignant potential. Researchers propose targeting aneuploidy as a therapeutic approach, exploiting vulnerabilities like the overexpression of gene UCK2.