A new study from Yale School of Public Health researchers found that Black and Latinx LGBTQ+ youth living in U.S. states with discriminatory policies are more likely to experience symptoms of depression. The study controlled for individual experiences of bullying based on race and ethnicity or sexual orientation, finding a 32% increase...
A large international collaboration has identified a genetic variant associated with faster disease progression in multiple sclerosis, highlighting the need to focus on nervous system resilience and repair. The study found that individuals with two copies of the gene variant experience accelerated disability due to MS.
A groundbreaking model of human embryonic development has been created, offering a unique look at the molecular and cellular processes that occur during gastrulation stages. The model includes both embryonic and extraembryonic components, allowing researchers to study their interaction and potential new insights into pregnancy failures...
A new study at Yale University reveals that PD-1 plays a critical role in preventing T cells from attacking healthy tissues. The findings could lead to the development of improved immunotherapies with reduced side effects.
Researchers found that PD-1 helps prevent T cells from attacking healthy skin and may help reduce side effects of immunotherapies. The study used mouse models and skin biopsies to support the hypothesis that PD-1 functions as a gatekeeper for tissue homeostasis
Researchers have identified a new bacterial strain, Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus, as the underlying cause of postinfectious hydrocephalus in Ugandan babies. The bacteria was found to be resistant to antibiotics and carried a virulent toxin that causes high mortality rates.
A Yale-led study found that osimertinib significantly improved rates of survival and reduced risk of recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer after surgery. The trial showed a 51% reduction in mortality risk, with 88% of patients surviving at least five years.
Recent adoption of EVs driven by technological advances, such as increased battery range and faster charging. Improvements have made EVs an attractive option alongside gas-powered cars.
A new Yale-led study found that river erosion generates biodiversity of freshwater fish species in the Appalachians. The research suggests that gradual internal dynamics of erosion isolate populations, leading to speciation.
The Grambank database reveals that regions with all Indigenous languages endangered face the greatest consequences of language loss. The analysis shows a decline in functional richness worldwide but highlights harshest effects in Northeast South America, Oregon, Alaska, and northern Australia.
Researchers have created a new pangenome that fills in missing sequencing gaps from the original Human Genome Project, expanding diversity of genomes represented. The achievement improves analysis for disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and genome-guided precision medicine.
Researchers identified the immune signature of heart inflammation cases linked to mRNA vaccines, finding it caused by a generalized immune response rather than antibodies created by the vaccine. This knowledge may enable optimizing mRNA vaccines and reducing the risk of myocarditis in vaccinated individuals.
A new study found that around 10,000 small pieces of genetic information were deleted from the human genome during evolution, which may have contributed to the development of human cognition and brain function. These 'deleted' bits of DNA are present in all humans and are conserved across species.
A new study led by Yale University scientists found that urban humid heat increases the risk of heat stress in urban climates. In the Global South, this effect can lead to two to six extra dangerous heat-stress days per summer.
The US prison population declined by 17% between March 2020 and July 2021, but the percentage of incarcerated Black people increased by almost a full percentage point at the height of the pandemic. This spike in proportion was temporarily reversed as courts reopened and new admissions slowed.
A Yale study found that Omicron variants suppress MHC activity, making it harder for T cells to target them. This reduced activity may contribute to breakthrough infections and inform potential vaccine strategies.
A Yale-led team has developed EN-TEx, a large dataset and annotation resource to understand the impact of genomic variants on disease. The resource leverages high-quality genome sequencing data from four donors to identify variant effects in various tissues.
A recent study found that a tiny fragment of the PC1 protein can suppress the disease in mouse models, reducing cyst size and revealing new avenues for developing therapies. The researchers discovered that this small piece interacts with a mitochondrial protein called NNT, opening up new avenues to study its normal function.
A new study by Yale University researchers suggests that protecting wildlife can significantly enhance natural carbon capture and storage. By conserving or restoring populations of nine key species, the world can collectively facilitate the additional capture of 6.41 billion tons of carbon dioxide annually.
A Yale study found that beneficial gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron responds to starvation for carbon by sequestering essential transcription factor in membrane-less compartment, increasing its activity and modifying gene expression. This mechanism enables colonization of mammalian gut and reveals a vital strategy for
Researchers have discovered how germ cells form ring canals, small bridges that connect sibling cells across species. The study provides new insights into developmental biology and may offer clues to diseases such as colorectal cancer and immunodeficiency syndromes.
Researchers have discovered a novel mechanism to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 strains and found that a class of oral drugs can block this pathway, potentially treating all SARS-CoV-2 variants. The findings suggest the potential for a new therapeutic approach to combat drug resistance.
A new study led by Yale School of the Environment researchers examines the application of machine learning in the sustainable development of biomass. The study found that machine learning has not been applied across the entire life cycle of biomass-derived materials (BDM), limiting its ability to advance research and development.
A new study found that mussels, considered ecosystem engineers, play a critical role in protecting coastal systems from sea-level rise. They contribute to marsh accretion through sediment deposition, helping these ecosystems persist in the face of climate change.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a volatile pheromone emitted by the tsetse fly, which could be used to control their populations and slow the spread of diseases like African sleeping sickness and nagana.
A new Yale study reveals that fish species diversify most rapidly in colder climates at higher latitudes where they can transition between shallow and deep waters. However, climate change is expected to impede this process, posing a threat to the high biodiversity found in tropical waters.
A Yale University-led study reveals that Chinese public opinion on ivory became more negative after the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) allowed the sale of African ivory to China. The research used machine learning techniques to analyze public opinion from Chinese media coverage b...
A new study led by Yale University researchers found that climate change may lead to a significant loss of tropical biomass, resulting in increased carbon emissions. The researchers predicted that if greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, stored carbon could nearly double by 2100.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a protein nanowire produced by bacteria that can withstand extreme conditions and generate high electricity. This breakthrough provides insights into how methane-eating microbes combat climate change, offering potential solutions to the global methane crisis.
A Yale-led clinical trial found improved rates of survival and reduced risk of recurrence in patients taking osimertinib for non-small cell lung cancer. The study showed prolonged disease-free survival and reduced local- and distant-recurrence of symptoms.
A new Yale University study found that government-imposed lockdown measures during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced ISIS attacks by depleting their financial resources and reducing high-value civilian targets. The restrictions were most effective in cities and areas outside of the militant group's rural bases.
A recent Yale-led study failed to replicate findings linking brain activity to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, highlighting the need for more research to develop reliable models. The study suggests that neuroimaging technology still has kinks to be ironed out before it can accurately diagnose psychiatric disorders.
A Yale University study has identified the neuronal basis of impaired consciousness in 'absence' epilepsy, a condition characterized by brief, frequent lapses in awareness. The research, published in Nature Communications, used a genetic rat model to pinpoint four types of neuronal activity during seizures.
Researchers propose a new framework to address place-based biases in environmental scholarship, recognizing that historical events and social contexts can influence research outcomes. By acknowledging and overcoming these biases, scientists can design more inclusive and culturally sensitive conservation efforts.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a method to detect stealthy viruses in nasal swabs by testing for an immune system biomarker. This approach allowed them to identify four cases of COVID-19 that had gone undiagnosed, highlighting its potential as a tool for early warning systems.
A Yale University study reveals COVID-19 alters the immune system's response to threats in men differently than women. Men who recovered from mild cases respond more robustly to flu vaccines, while women are more likely to suffer from autoimmune diseases.
Researchers at Yale University have identified a stable brain pattern, or neuromarker, for drug and food craving. The discovery may be an important step toward understanding the brain basis of craving, addiction as a brain disorder, and how to better treat addiction in the future.
A new study published in The Royal Society journal found that animals play a crucial role in reforestation by dispersing seeds into previously deforested areas. This natural regeneration approach is less costly and labor-intensive than traditional methods, offering a promising solution for restoring biodiversity and capturing carbon.
A new study by Yale sociologist Emma Zang found that telecommuting parents, particularly mothers, increased their supervisory parenting time during the pandemic, but showed no significant increase in primary childcare duties. The study also revealed that remote work allows parents to triage childcare demands during disruptions.
A team of researchers solved a century-long debate on why early land plants developed complex vascular systems, which enabled them to survive in drier environments. By analyzing fossil specimens and living plants, the team discovered that small changes in the vascular system led to improvements in drought tolerance.
Researchers at Yale University used innovative technology to study brain activity during social interactions between individuals with and without autism. They found that people with ASD had reduced activity in the dorsal parietal cortex during eye contact, which was associated with ADOS scores.
A Yale study finds that a common antioxidant, ergothioneine (EGT), helps cancer-causing bacteria survive by counteracting oxidative stress. This discovery could lead to new drugs targeting various infectious diseases.
Researchers at Yale University discovered that flies can detect the direction of moving odor packets, independent of wind. This allows them to adjust course and find the source of smells more accurately. The finding has potential applications in agriculture, public health, and robotics.
A Yale-designed 'Prime and Spike' nasal vaccine approach can help combat COVID-19 by bolstering immune responses in the respiratory system. The strategy, which involves a combination of a prime vaccination and a spike protein booster administered directly into the nostril, has been shown to reduce viral shedding and transmission.
A new study identifies a specific mechanism of faulty DNA repair in tumors as a key factor in determining patient outcomes with immunotherapy. Tumors with defective DNA repair proteins had significantly better responses to immunotherapy, whereas those with silenced production of DNA repair proteins did not.
A new study co-authored by Yale sociologist Emma Zang found that college-educated Black women give birth to fewer children than their white and Hispanic counterparts. The study also showed that Black and Hispanic women without college degrees have more births than similarly educated white women. Highly educated women tend to have fewer...
Researchers analyzed 2,100 obsidian artifacts from two archaeological sites in southwestern Iran, revealing seven distinct sources of the volcanic glass. The study suggests a greater number of settlements between source volcanoes and excavation sites, indicating larger social networks during the Neolithic Era.
A new Yale-led study analyzed over 400,000 babies' metabolic profiles to detect differences among ethnic groups. The researchers found that metabolically, African-Americans and Americans of European descent are more closely related than genetically.
A new study led by Yale University's Nyeema C. Harris found that 91 African carnivore species have some portion of their range at risk of contraction, with an average of 15% of ranges threatened. The research introduced a novel approach to assessing threats and assets across species ranges.
A Yale study published in PLOS ONE reveals a significant association between incarceration and higher cancer mortality among adults. Those diagnosed with invasive cancer while incarcerated and within one year after release were more likely to experience worse outcomes due to limited access to quality care, social determinants of health...