A 328-million-year-old fossil discovered in Montana has revealed the earliest known relative of modern octopuses and vampire squid. The newly identified species, Syllipsimopodi bideni, challenges current understanding of vampyropod evolution and offers a new model for internally-shelled cephalopods.
A Yale University study found that a mange outbreak in vicuñas had unique effects on vegetation and biodiversity in the Argentine Andes. The research tracked the cascading effects of the disease on the ecosystem, revealing diverging outcomes based on which was the dominant source of mortality for the vicuñas.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a model that uses brain scans to predict an individual's ability to pay attention. The study found that the brain's activity patterns can be used to create a unique fingerprint of attention abilities, which can help diagnose ADHD and improve focus.
The Multiscale PHATE tool uncovers specific immune cell types linked to poor COVID-19 outcomes, including a helper T cell known as TH17. By analyzing millions of cells, researchers found that high levels of certain white blood cell types predict mortality with 83% accuracy.
Researchers analyzed ancient human DNA to discern ancestral relationships across sub-Saharan Africa, finding evidence of widespread genetic mixing and exchange along complex social networks that stretched thousands of miles. The study provides the first genetic evidence of major demographic changes among hunter-gatherer populations in ...
A new study found a causal link between automation and increasing mortality rates among US adults, with a significant impact on middle-aged men. The study suggests that public policy measures such as strong social safety nets and labor market policies can mitigate the effects of automation on community health.
A new study by Yale School of Medicine reveals that Americans' hopes for a better future have endured despite historical economic downturns and the COVID-19 pandemic. The research found that people with a more optimistic orientation tend to do better during illnesses, adhere to healthier behaviors, and exhibit better psychological health.
A new PNAS study reveals that the benefits of electric vehicles are heavily dependent on the source of electricity used to generate it. The study found that if the US relies more on coal-fired power plants to meet increased demand, it could undo most of the emissions reductions from fewer gasoline-fueled vehicles.
Researchers examine the complex relationship between bushmeat consumption and global health, finding that Western definitions of progress may overlook local cultures. By reframing conservation perspectives, they aim to create a more balanced narrative around this contentious trade.
Researchers found that moderate calorie restrictions improved health by rejuvenating the thymus gland, which produces essential white blood cells. Participants who restricted calories showed less fat and greater functional volume in their thymus glands after two years.
A recurring cancer-associated mutation in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) prevents the EGFR from discriminating between growth factors, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation. The study provides new insight into how the EGF receptor differentiates one activating growth factor from another.
A new study finds that support for policing reform depends on people's beliefs about how proposed policies would affect crime and public safety. A substantial majority of people are concerned about police violence and support measures that change how the police operate, such as making it easier to fire officers guilty of misconduct.
A new study by Yale Cancer Center researchers shows that inhibition of the CECR2 gene prevents triple-negative breast cancer from advancing or metastasizing. The discovery provides an early step in finding new therapeutics for this difficult-to-treat disease subtype.
The article highlights the disproportionate impact of environmental exposures on the LGBTQ+ community due to social and economic inequalities. The authors recommend implementing a system to collect sexual orientation data and incorporating LGBTQ+ issues into environmental justice research.
A Yale study found that child masking in child care programs reduced closure rates by 13-14%. Child masking was associated with a lower risk of COVID-19-related closures, keeping children in safe learning environments and allowing parents to remain employed. Masking rates were higher for staff members than children.
A new study found that the Pfizer vaccine was 91% effective in reducing coronavirus transmission in Israeli households before the emergence of the delta variant. However, with waning immunity, the vaccine's effectiveness decreased to only 40% against infection and transmission.
A new study by Yale researchers found that the Sinovac vaccine, widely used in 48 countries, offers little protection against the Omicron variant. Booster shots are necessary to combat the dominant circulating virus, which has shown to produce no neutralizing antibodies among those who received two doses of the Sinovac vaccine.
Researchers at Yale University shed new light on the formation and function of mRNAs, a critical molecule involved in protein production. The study found that pseudouridine plays a key role in mRNA genesis and guides splicing, which regulates gene activity.
Researchers from Yale University have discovered unusually large optical features in a 95-million-year-old crab fossil, suggesting that the species was a predator. The study analyzed nearly 1,000 living crabs and fossils, finding that Callichimaera's eyes were about 16% of its body size and grew at an accelerated rate.
A study by Yale University found that electric vehicles provide lower carbon emissions due to indirect emissions from the supply chain of fossil fuel-powered vehicles. The study suggests that pricing indirect emissions can accelerate the low-carbon transition of the US light vehicle sector.
Scientists used humanized mice to investigate COVID-19 severity, discovering that antiviral inflammatory responses contribute to severe cases. Monoclonal antibodies and dexamethasone therapies show promise in treating COVID-19, but timing is crucial for effective treatment.
The study of 66 individuals from Kulubnarti, Sudan, reveals that people lived during a period of cultural and social change without strong relationships between social status and biological relatedness. Genetic analysis also shows that some second-degree relatives were buried across the cemetery divide, indicating fluidity among groups.
A new study found that intranasal vaccination provides broad-based protection against respiratory viruses in mice, while systemic immunization did not. The nasal vaccine triggers a localized immune response through IgA antibodies, which can be used to add reinforcements at the source of infection.
Yale scientists identified crucial ways immune system cells congregate and communicate to identify tumors, paving the way for new vaccines that could increase survival rates in several forms of cancer. Research found B cells interact with CD4 helper T cells to unleash a robust response by CD8 killer T cells.
Researchers at Yale University discovered a key gene that contributes to the development of life-threatening brain aneurysms in adults. The study found that mutations in the PPIL4 gene are significantly more common in individuals with intracranial aneurysms, highlighting a potential new target for diagnosis and treatment.
A new study found that chronic stress accelerates biological age, as measured by an 'epigenetic clock.' However, individuals with stronger emotion regulation and self-control were more resilient to the negative effects of stress on aging. This suggests that managing psychological health can help extend a healthy lifespan.
A Yale-led study found that the South and rural areas had lower stay-at-home rates compared to other regions, contradicting media reports. The study suggests social and structural factors, such as poverty and access to healthcare, drive physical distancing behavior.
A new study by Yale researchers reveals that white evangelical Christians are increasingly immune to persuasive messages promoting vaccination. The study's findings suggest that the effectiveness of vaccination messaging has declined among unvaccinated white evangelicals over time.
A new study found that the loss of ancient grassland grazers led to an increase in fire activity globally. Fire extent increased after megagrazer extinctions, with continents that lost more grazers experiencing larger increases.
Researchers developed a novel vaccine using mRNA technology that prompts a quick response to components of tick saliva, limiting infection. The vaccine offers broad-based protection against other tick-borne diseases and can be used in conjunction with traditional vaccines.
A new Yale School of Medicine study reveals that a simple RNA molecule called SLR14 can trigger the production of interferons, key proteins in the body's innate response to infection. The compound has shown promise in mice with chronic cases of COVID-19 and may provide important benefits for immunocompromised individuals.
Researchers at Yale Cancer Center are launching a new tissue mapping center to study the role of senescent immune cells in development, aging, and disease. The goal is to develop strategies to target senescent cells to battle aging and cancer.
A new study suggests that tree-dwelling mammals, including primates and their ancestors, survived the asteroid strike that devastated Earth's forests 66 million years ago. The research found that ground-dwelling mammals had a selective advantage over arboreal counterparts, but some tree-dwellers managed to survive.
A new Yale study finds that two commonly used coronavirus vaccines provide protection against multiple variants of the virus. Researchers also found that individuals who have been infected with COVID-19 prior to vaccination exhibit a more robust immune response to all variants.
Researchers found increased retinoic acid levels in the prefrontal cortex during mid-pregnancy, leading to the development of unique brain properties. The study suggests a link between RA, CBLN2 gene expression and human-specific cognitive abilities.
Two Yale-led studies found that Black patients admitted with COVID-19 tend to have higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores than white patients, which can lead to unequal access to treatment resources. This disparity could result in disproportionate steering of scarce healthcare supplies towards other groups.
A new study from Yale University found that adding oleclumab or monalizumab to durvalumab improves progression-free survival for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The combination reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 56% and 35%, respectively.
A recent study found that the Himalaya region is experiencing an increase in compound hazards, where multiple hazards interact with destructive consequences. Over 49% of the population lives in high-risk areas susceptible to floods, landslides, and wildfires.
Researchers discovered that stem-like T cells in nearby lymph nodes can resupply and refresh the immune system's attack on tumors, potentially slowing cancer growth. The study supports the development of therapies targeting these cells to improve immunotherapy responses.
Researchers at Yale University found that aging immune cells within fat tissue lose their ability to produce heat in cold temperatures. Stimulating new production of these cells actually makes older mice more prone to cold-induced death.
Researchers at Yale University discovered that bacteria use hidden protein filaments called pili to pump out nanowires, which are the basis of nature's electrical grid. This finding opens up new possibilities for generating electricity, creating biofuels, and developing self-healing electronics.
A recent study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that the number of veterans who reported contemplating suicide during the pandemic decreased relative to pre-pandemic levels. The study also revealed a significant decline in suicide attempts among US military veterans, with only 0.3% reporting attempts during the pandemic.
A new portable MRI device has been shown to accurately identify intracranial hemorrhages in stroke patients, with a correct identification rate of 80%. The device is being hailed as a potential game-changer for doctors treating strokes in resource-limited settings.
A new study describes two dinosaurs from Appalachia, including a tyrannosaur with distinct features and a herbivorous hadrosaur, providing insight into the evolution of Eastern North American dinosaurs. These fossils help fill a gap in the fossil record and demonstrate geographic isolation's impact on dinosaur evolution.
A new study suggests that improved building energy efficiency can prevent up to 5,100 yearly premature deaths and up to 2,900 lives in the US. The 'optimistic' scenario envisions a 50% increase in appliance efficiency and 60-90% increase in building shell efficiency by 2050.
A new study by Yale University researchers reveals that rivers are the main source of mercury in coastal areas, rather than atmospheric deposition. The Amazon River, Ganges, and Yangtze are among the top contributors, with levels highest in August and September.
In a new study, researchers tracked the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in mice, revealing how the virus progressed from nasal passages to lungs and other organs. They also found that certain antibodies, lacking 'effector' functions, are less effective at combating infection.
A new Yale University study reveals that social media platforms like Twitter amplify expressions of moral outrage over time, encouraging users to express more outrage with increased likes and shares. This finding has significant implications for leaders and policymakers who use these platforms.
A Yale study has identified significant gaps in biodiversity maps, limiting effective conservation decisions globally. The researchers created regional trends maps to assess the distribution of 31,000 terrestrial vertebrates, highlighting opportunities for citizen scientists and government agencies to support biodiversity monitoring.
A new study by Yale researchers found that the 'Muslim ban' led to a significant increase in missed primary care appointments and emergency department visits among Muslim-Americans. The study suggests that immigration policies can have indirect and unexpected consequences on the health of targeted communities.