A new study compares the proteomes of skin cells from 11 mammals, revealing protein variation that drives biological diversity and may explain cancer resistance. The researchers found that some proteins are more variable between species than within, suggesting they play key roles in mammalian evolution.
A new study found that exposing bacterial nanowires to light increases electrical conductivity by up to a 100-fold. This 'photocurrent' persists for hours, opening possibilities for exploiting this hidden electrical current in various applications.
A Yale study reveals species-specific and human-specific features in the prefrontal cortex of four primate species, including a unique microglia type and the presence of the FOXP2 gene. These findings suggest that human brain cells may play a role in immune responses to environment and neuropsychiatric diseases.
Researchers found that brain models fail to accurately categorize individuals based on sociodemographic factors like age, education, and symptom severity. The models reflect complex profiles combining cognitive ability with these factors, highlighting the need for nuanced patient grouping and tailored treatments.
A recent study published in One Earth explores the potential for utilizing urban tree waste to reduce global warming potential in the United States. The researchers found that adopting eco-friendly uses for urban tree waste could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions in U.S. cities.
Researchers used fluorescent markers to visualize neuronal growth in fruit flies, discovering dynamic and stochastic growth patterns that fluctuate among growing, shrinking, and paused states. The study provides new insights into how neurons branch out and form connections throughout the body.
Researchers at Yale University discovered that purslane, a common weed, can thrive in drought conditions due to its integrated C4+CAM photosynthesis system. This novel metabolic pathway enables the plant to efficiently use resources and protect itself from water stress.
Using a new technology dubbed OrganEx, Yale researchers restored blood circulation and cellular functions in pigs up to an hour after death. The findings may help extend the health of human organs during surgery and expand the availability of donor organs.
A study by Yale economists found that China's research and development funding misallocates resources to low-productivity firms, stifling innovation. The study's model predicts that productivity levels will increase over time as more efficient firms drive technological progress.
A new study analyzes US health spending by region and finds that distinct factors drive variation across payers. Regional utilization of healthcare services is highly correlated across payers, but spending itself shows minimal correlation between Medicaid and Medicare populations.
A new Omicron-specific mRNA vaccine, Omnivax, has been developed by Yale scientists to offer superior immune protection against two viral subvariants. The vaccine increased neutralizing antibody response against BA.1 and BA.2.12.1 Omicron subvariants in pre-immunized mice 19-fold and eight-fold, respectively.
Researchers have discovered a 50-year-old tortoise on Fernandina Island, doubling the number of known members of Chelonoidis phantasticus. The genome comparison reveals similarities between the two animals, but also raises questions about their evolutionary relationship and conservation status.
A study by Yale ornithologist Richard Prum and colleagues found that hummingbirds exhibit the highest level of color diversity among all bird species, with an increase of 56% in known bird-visible plumage colors.
A Yale University-led team found that a plant lineage independently evolved three similar leaf types over and over again in various mountainous regions across the neotropics. The study's findings provide evidence for 'replicated radiation,' suggesting that evolution can be predictable under certain circumstances.
A Yale University-led commentary argues that governments must move beyond misconceptions discouraging public investment in clean energy. By redirecting investments towards decarbonization, subsidizing technologies to reduce costs, and diversifying portfolios, policymakers can maximize energy innovation returns while managing expectatio...
A Yale University team predicts fire risks can shift from low to catastrophic in a matter of hours, highlighting the need for more accurate models to understand global fire regimes. Climate change exacerbates conditions that fuel intense fires, making land management and prediction challenging.
A randomized study of temozolomide or temozolomide and capecitabine found the combination to be effective in treating advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, with a median overall survival of 53.8 months. Patients with MGMT deficiency showed greater odds of response.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a potentially effective treatment for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, with a combination of capecitabine and temozolomide yielding longer progression-free survival rates and higher response rates than temozolomide alone.
A combination of ramucirumab and pembrolizumab reduced the risk of death by 31% compared to standard care in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients who had previously failed immunotherapy. The study found that these patients lived significantly longer, with a mean overall survival time of 14.6 months.
New treatments and diagnostic advances in various areas of oncology will be showcased by Yale Cancer Center and Smilow Cancer Hospital researchers at the ASCO Annual Meeting. The research highlights include efficacy and association with MGMT for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Researchers analyzed 2,049 breast cancer samples to compare genomic alterations across younger and older age groups. Younger patients had higher rates of BRCA1 mutations and lower rates of CDH1 and PIK3CA mutations.
Researchers at Yale University discovered a critical protein pair that maintains T cell quiescence, keeping immune systems healthy. Without this resting state, T cells die, making hosts more susceptible to infections and cancer.
A new analysis by Yale University researchers found that the US spends significantly more on cancer care than other high-income countries, yet its cancer mortality rates are only slightly better. The study suggests lax regulation of cancer drug approvals and pricing contribute to the high cost.
Researchers found that 63.2% of participants reported transformative experiences, feeling more socially connected and willing to share resources with strangers. These experiences persisted for at least six months and expanded the circle of generosity beyond family and friends.
Researchers at Yale University have found a new connection between superconductivity and charge density waves, which could lead to the development of room-temperature superconductors. By manipulating charge density waves, scientists may be able to control and alter superconductivity.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology found that mRNA COVID-19 vaccines do not reduce fertility and do not cause fetal defects. The study showed no difference in anti-syncytin-1 antibody levels between vaccinated and unvaccinated women, and pregnant mice injected with the vaccine had normal offspring.
A new Yale-led study has discovered a previously unknown process by which some NSAIDs reduce inflammation, potentially explaining their unexpected effects on various diseases. The research found that only certain NSAIDs activate the protein NRF2, which triggers anti-inflammatory processes.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a new mechanism by which some NSAIDs reduce inflammation, explaining why similar drugs produce different clinical outcomes. This discovery may inform how NSAIDs are used in the future and could lead to new applications for these painkillers.
Researchers discovered that cooling environment around Geobacter nanowires increases conductivity 300-fold by restructuring hydrogen bonds and flattening heme proteins. This breakthrough could lead to development of living electrical circuits, new sources of electricity and bioremediation strategies.
A Yale-led study identifies surprising risk factors that trigger heart attacks in young women, differing from those in men. Seven risk factors, including diabetes and depression, are more prevalent in women, emphasizing the need for a sex-specific approach to prevention.
A new study found positive trends in long-term patient outcomes after a heart attack, but disparities persist among low-income and Black communities. The 10-year recurrent AMI rate was 27%, three times higher than previously reported, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to reduce health inequalities.
Researchers found that immune cells can harbor the virus, triggering a deadly inflammation response in the lungs. Blocking the NLPR3 inflammasome pathway with antiviral treatment may provide a way to treat COVID-19 pneumonia and prevent severe cases.
Yale University psychologists have developed a mathematical theory of flow that can be used to enhance immersion and engagement in almost any task. The theory is based on the concept of mutual information between desired end states and means of attaining them, and suggests that more informative means lead to greater flow experience.
A new paper published in BioScience proposes increasing collaboration between zoos and natural history museums to gain insights into animal life histories and behaviors. By sharing data, institutions can better understand biodiversity and advance research and conservation efforts.
Portable MRI machines detected ischemic strokes with 90% accuracy, enabling quick treatment decisions in remote locations. This technology helps clinicians differentiate between clotting and bleeding strokes, making critical treatment choices in time-sensitive situations.
A new study by Yale University researchers found that medication treatment services are often not located in the most vulnerable communities, leaving them at risk of disrupted access to treatment during disasters. The study suggests that preparedness for natural disasters should prioritize those placed at highest risk.
Yale scientists have discovered a protein called augmentor-alpha that regulates body weight in mice, offering insights into potential new treatments for metabolic disorders. The protein is found in the hypothalamus region of the brain and plays a role in energy conservation during fasting.
A new study by Yale University researchers reveals that urbanization is constrained by infrastructure inequality, which can persist due to the durable nature of infrastructure. The findings highlight the need for policymakers to address preferential biases when allocating infrastructure to minimize inequalities.
A Yale University study found significant racial and ethnic disparities in sleep duration, with Black people persistently reporting shorter sleep durations. The study highlights the need for renewed efforts to eliminate socioeconomic and health conditions that prevent minoritized individuals from achieving adequate sleep.
Researchers found that pandemic shutdowns gave a window into environmental racism in California's air pollution policy, revealing disproportionate impacts on Hispanic and Asian communities. The study suggests policies targeting transportation emissions could have significant environmental justice impacts for these groups.
African-American adult patients are more likely to receive substandard gastrointestinal cancer surgery, with lower rates of negative surgical margins and adequate lymph node removal. The study also found significant disparities in chemotherapy and radiation therapy recommendations after surgery.
A new study led by Yale University shows that one in three patients with a severe skin disease called alopecia areata were able to regrow hair after being treated with a common arthritis drug. The Phase 3 clinical trials used baricitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, to treat the condition.
Researchers at Yale University developed an AI-based model that can diagnose multiple heart rhythm and conduction disorders using electrocardiogram images, regardless of format or layout. The tool has been validated through multiple international data sources with high accuracy for clinical diagnosis from ECGs.
A new Yale-led study reveals that arc magmas have a higher oxidation state than rocks in most of the Earth's mantle. The research proposes that this is due to hot, water-rich fluids rising through an oxidized sediment layer, producing oxidized magmas that can ultimately erupt as lava from volcanoes.
A recent Yale-led study found that increasing tree cover in savannas through fire suppression captures much less carbon than previously estimated. Despite a 78% increase in tree cover, this strategy captured only 35% more carbon overall, corresponding to total gains of about 23 tons per hectare.
Yale researchers have developed an antibody that can temporarily open the blood-brain barrier, allowing therapeutic drugs to reach diseased brains. This breakthrough has significant implications for treating neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's and multiple sclerosis.
A new Yale University-led study calculates the amount of terrestrial carbon emitted into streams and rivers, highlighting the importance of hydrology. The research reveals that monthly emissions fluxes vary more in Arctic and northern temperate rivers than in tropical and southern temperate rivers.
A recent study published in PNAS found that cities can mitigate the impact of urban expansion on species habitats. The research identified hotspot cities with high biodiversity hotspots and highlighted the need for global conservation efforts to include policies protecting species in urban lands.
Researchers have identified a method to boost the effectiveness of CAR-T cell therapy by enhancing the metabolic activity of tumor-attacking T cells. The study's findings show that proline metabolism can be used to supercharge these cells, which may expand the treatment options for solid tumors.
The Dragonfly telescope has spotted previously unseen gas clouds around galaxies, revealing new insights into galaxy fuel dynamics. The telescope's innovative filter allows it to block starlight and isolate images of gas structures, enabling researchers to study the dynamics of how gas gets in and out of galaxies.