Articles tagged with Computer Simulation
A new mathematical theory helps reconstruct outbreak origins with higher confidence and forecasts epidemic-spreading speed. The approach uses effective distances computed from air transportation network traffic intensities to visualize geographic spread of past diseases.
Scientists found that continent nuclei formed as a byproduct of mountain-building processes, stacking up slabs of cold oceanic crust to create thick 'keels' in the mantle. This process supported the overlying crust and enabled continents to form.
A new simulation model reveals coral larvae's long-distance journeys across the world's seas, with some traveling up to 9,000 km. The study provides insights into coral reef distributions and potential effects of climate change.
Engineers at Queen Mary University created a highly accurate simulation of how damaged and healthy red blood cells interact with each other in the body. This new technology could aid medical professionals in visualizing oxygen flow and identifying areas where patients may be suffering from inadequate oxygen supply after heart surgery.
Computer simulations show that nanoparticles of silicon BC8 can generate multiple electron-hole pairs per photon, increasing maximum efficiency to 42% beyond conventional solar cells. Using parabolic mirrors to focus sunlight could further boost efficiency up to 70%
Researchers at Caltech have successfully simulated the biological function of a protein channel called the Sec translocon, which allows specific proteins to pass through membranes. The new computational model reveals that both equilibrium and kinetic effects play a crucial role in determining the fate of proteins entering the translocon.
Biophysicists have discovered that the Ras protein forms an upright pair on the cell membrane, contradicting previous assumptions. This finding has significant implications for understanding cancer development and potential drug targets.
Researchers analyzed AVE fire evacuation strategies using computer models and a real drill. The results show that pre-evacuation is crucial, gathering all passengers together before the train stops is ideal.
Scientists found that conditions in the primordial solar system led to the formation of complex organic compounds, including amino acids and nucleobases. The discovery sheds light on the origins of life on Earth.
A new study suggests that even with a small initial virus population, HIV rapidly evolves to evade immune defenses and treatments due to mutation, recombination, and random genetic changes. This findings sheds light on the difficulty in developing an HIV cure and highlights the need for novel strategies to control the virus.
Researchers at New York University's Applied Math Lab found that obstacles can aid worm movement, contrary to common assumptions. The study, published in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface, used experiments and computer simulations to demonstrate how C. elegans worms navigate through lattice-like environments with ease.
A study published in PNAS found that the middle finger reacts slower than the thumb and little finger due to inhibitory influences from both sides. Targeted learning protocols can compensate for this delay by reducing inhibition and improving neural plasticity.
SAFEPED is a computer simulation that integrates robotics and statistics on driver and pedestrian behavior to determine the environmental features leading to dangerous intersections. The model allows traffic planners to analyze and fix black spots, test and redesign junctions for optimal safety.
Researchers from the University of Bologna have designed an automatic accident detection system that could reduce motorway pile-ups by up to 40 percent. The system uses peer-to-peer communication among cars to quickly share information and prevent accidents.
A new study by Michigan State University researchers suggests that combining multiple mutations can speed up evolution. Multiple mutations may cooperate to give organisms a bigger boost in fitness, allowing them to survive and reproduce at high rates.
Researchers have identified a key trigger for Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker (GSS) syndrome, a rare but deadly neurodegenerative disease. The finding has significant implications for the treatment of other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer
A new study suggests that widespread urban development can lead to reduced nighttime winds and increased air pollution in coastal cities. Researchers found that paved surfaces absorb heat, reducing the temperature contrast between land and sea, and causing stagnation. This can result in a buildup of pollutants during warm summer weather.
Researchers use computer simulations to study clonal plant communities and their impact on ecosystems, aiming to design ideal prairies for pollution cleanup and species preservation. The project utilizes volunteer computing resources from over 10,000 volunteers worldwide.
Astrophysicists used computer simulations to find that the first stars could have formed alongside multiple companions. The simulations suggest that these companion stars were born when the gas disks surrounding the first star broke up, giving rise to sibling stars in fragments.
Researchers created a robotic fish that can swim vertically and horizontally with unprecedented agility. The robot uses a sophisticated fin to generate inward counterpropagating waves, allowing it to move in unexpected directions. Its potential applications include underwater recovery operations and long-term monitoring of coral reefs.
Researchers at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis are developing an interactive computer simulation framework to improve watershed management practices. The new $410,000 grant will enable community members to participate in restoring ecological balance and make informed decisions about water management alternatives.
A computer model shows that the US is susceptible to MDR-TB epidemics when TB prevalence falls and case detection improves, even with high treatment compliance. This is attributed to the increased risk of drug-resistant TB spreading in populations with low drug-susceptible TB rates.
Researchers found that value-based insurance design (VBID) can increase benefits from healthcare without increasing costs. By waiving consumer payments for highly effective treatments and raising them for less effective ones, VBID could provide a substantial improvement in health outcomes and reduce the number of uninsured individuals.
A new study from the University of Pittsburgh suggests that short-term school closures can increase infection rates and prolong an epidemic. The research found that sustaining closures for at least eight weeks is crucial in decreasing the spread of infection.
A new study found that the abundance of roundscale spearfish, a look-alike species of white marlin, clouds the accuracy of past population size assessments. This misidentification might have impacted management efforts and highlights the need for updated biological knowledge on white marlin.
Scientists at the University of Michigan discovered that certain pyramid shapes can spontaneously organize into intricate quasicrystals without any external interactions. This finding could lead to the development of new materials with unique properties, such as optical properties useful for communication and stealth technologies.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a new method that induces protein folding in nanoseconds, breaking the microsecond barrier, allowing for more accurate computer simulations and paving the way for reliable predictions of protein behavior, especially in disease prediction.
Researchers used computer simulation to investigate the effects of duodenal stump geometry on gastric resection outcomes. The study found that certain geometric configurations can improve food transport and emptying, but may compromise pressure distribution.
A computer simulation suggests that large buses running on separate traffic lanes can achieve a comfortable level of crowding without gridlock. The study's findings support mass transportation as the preferred option for most commuters, even with a few individuals choosing to drive by car.
Researchers from Max Planck Institute and Technical University discover that turbulent flows in pipes will inevitably become laminar, with the transition taking many years. This finding could help save energy in applications like oil pipelines.
Researchers used computer simulation models to examine the impact of various intervention strategies on a pandemic influenza outbreak in a population similar to Chicago. The study found that providing preemptive household antiviral treatments and minimizing contact could play a major role in reducing the spread of illness.
Researchers at Yale University discovered how molecular muscles assemble a 'contractile ring' to divide cells, using a 'search, capture, pull and release' mechanism. The mechanism involves protein clusters on the inside of the cell membrane that grow and connect, forming a condensed ring.
Researchers at University of Bonn use computer simulations to understand how star clusters are formed from interstellar gas clouds and evolve over time. The study finds that small clusters are easily destroyed by radiation from stars, while heavy clusters survive longer.
Buckyballs start as distorted graphite sheets that shed loosely connected threads and chains until they form perfectly spherical shapes. Researchers used electron microscope video and computer simulations to capture the 'shrink-wrapping' process.
Computer simulations reveal that freshwater fish play a crucial role in recycling nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus. Overfishing could lead to declines in nutrient cycling, highlighting the importance of conserving key species.
Researchers at University of Colorado Boulder found that Himalayan mega-earthquakes occur every 1,000 years to release stored energy in southern Tibet. This new information helps forecast future seismic activity in the region.
A new study found that buckyballs bind to the spirals in DNA molecules, causing deformation and potentially interfering with biological functions. The binding energy between DNA and buckyballs is comparable to the binding energies of a drug to receptors in cells.
The National Ignition Facility's first experiments successfully validated computer simulations for controlled laser-induced ignition. Researchers fired laser beams into gold-plated cylinders, creating X-rays that ablated and imploded a capsule to achieve brief bursts of energy.
The Virtual California model forecasts almost 400 major earthquakes over 40,000 years, with a 25% chance in the next 20 years. The simulation indicates higher probabilities for future quakes by 2086.
Case Western Reserve University astronomers have captured a deep, wide-field image of the Virgo Cluster, revealing a complex web of intracluster starlight. The faint starlight is made up of stars ripped out of galaxies as they collide, providing an 'archaeological record' of violent cluster galaxy lives.
Research reveals that chromatin structure depends on salt environment, with irregular zig-zag structures forming at high salt concentrations. The study helps understand the mechanism of gene expression and silencing by analyzing a 12-nucleosome array under varying salt conditions.
A computer simulation study found that police officers can eliminate racial bias when trained using the program. After extensive exposure, officers became more accurate in their decisions to fire at suspects of either race due to improved weapon detection. The findings have implications for eliminating racial biases and training police...
Computer simulations of black holes have revealed that the process of matter accretion is more complex than previously thought. The new findings show that magnetic fields play a crucial role in creating violent disturbances in density, velocity, and magnetic field strength near the event horizon.
The University of Utah has received a $3.5 million grant from the Department of Defense's Office of Naval Research to develop cutting-edge computer simulation methods for describing chemical reactions in complicated molecular systems. This advancement will greatly expand the application of molecular simulation techniques to new scienti...
Computer simulations have revealed that gold is an effective catalyst when it's in clusters of eight to two dozen atoms, and electrical charging plays a crucial role. This breakthrough has opened up new avenues for exploring environmental effects on catalysis.
Researchers found that power lines can achieve near-gigabit per second transmission rates under ideal conditions, making them a potential alternative for broadband internet in rural areas. However, engineering issues such as impedance matching and interference need to be addressed to make this technology economically viable.
Researchers have viewed an unprecedentedly perfect interface between layers of semiconductor materials germanium and silicon dioxide. This 'atomically sharp' interface could be used to boost the speed of computer chips. The discovery may aid in the design of other devices, including medical implants.
Georgia Tech researchers develop packet-level simulation capable of modeling over 1 million web browsers in near real time. The breakthrough offers new capabilities for engineers and scientists to analyze large-scale computer networks and find solutions to Internet problems.
Researchers used computer simulations to study the effect of foreign particles on crystal growth patterns. They found that these particles produced unique 'dizzy dendrite' patterns that can be replicated using specific methods.
Reid's undergraduate physics research earned her a trip to the International Conference of Physics Students in Denmark, where she will present her work. Her project focused on anomalous diffusion and percolation using computer simulations.
Researchers at Rutgers University and Los Alamos National Laboratories used computer simulations to predict that heated plutonium will collapse five percent in volume and exhibit anisotropic elastic properties, leading to unusual deformation behaviors. This study aims to aid material scientists and engineers in storing the metal.
Computer simulations can examine the performance of representative structures under blast loadings, exploring design alternatives. Researchers aim to distribute blast resistance capabilities more broadly across infrastructure, addressing technology areas through component testing and simulation.
A virtual stomach simulation reveals how pills break down and release medication in the stomach, with key findings including three distinct zones and effects of buoyancy on mixing and drug release. The technology aims to improve extended-release tablet formulations and shed light on diseases involving stomach motility.
Aquaporins regulate water flux in various tissues, including the kidney, eye lens, and brain. Recent computer simulations revealed a 'dance' of water molecules through aquaporin channels, controlled by protein parts that increase permeation rates while blocking proton passage.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a computer simulation to understand nanoelectronics, a field where single electrons control devices. The simulation explores the interplay between quantum mechanics and matter's granularity, enabling scientists to design and optimize next-generation nanoscale electronic devices.
A team of astrophysicists and computer scientists has captured the entire observable universe in a computer simulation, depicting how gravity gathered ripples from the big bang into cosmic structures. This unprecedented model aims to better interpret data from large surveys and understand rarest structures in the cosmos.