Articles tagged with Data Analysis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing due to population aging and existing high rates, leading to complications and premature death. Most patients experience at least one complication within six years after diagnosis.
A study by Joseph G. Grzywacz found that employees who perceive flexibility in their work lives have healthier lifestyles and are more likely to start positive behaviors. The study analyzed data from a large multinational pharmaceutical company, which recognized its commitment to flexibility as a family-friendly employer.
The new software TranStat analyzes infectious disease data to determine the probability of transmission between individuals. This information helps health officials develop effective strategies to contain outbreaks and conduct further studies in real-time.
Researchers developed an independent measurement system using cameras, microphones, and laser scanners to evaluate the performance of advanced collision warning systems. The NIST technology detected objects within eight-tenths of a meter from up to 60 meters away at speeds of up to 56 mph.
A study found that high-trauma nonspine fractures in older women and men are associated with low bone mineral density and an increased risk of a subsequent fracture. The researchers analyzed data from two U.S. studies and found that low bone mineral density was strongly associated with high-trauma nonspine fractures.
Researchers developed new methods for estimating mortality fractions using vital registration data in Mexico, and a validation strategy for verbal autopsy data combining previous methods in China. These advancements improve health planning and prioritization in low-resource settings.
The AUA and EAU have released new guidelines for managing ureteral calculi, recommending updated treatment options such as ureteroscopy (URS) for all locations and sizes of stones. The guidelines also identify areas for future research to improve patient outcomes.
Researchers have found a significant correlation between high-energy cosmic rays and the cores of nearby galaxies, which emit prodigious quantities of energy. The Auger collaboration has traced the source of these cosmic rays to Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), likely powered by supermassive black holes.
Visceral leishmaniasis has seen a significant rise in admissions at Médecins Sans Frontières treatment center in Somalia, highlighting the need for improved healthcare access. The true magnitude of the problem is likely unknown due to underreporting, and effective interventions will be limited without safe access to populations.
A Temple University analysis reveals that eating three to six fast-food meals per week is associated with a significant increase in body mass index. The study also found that Americans are less willing to pay more for healthy dishes, less knowledgeable about healthy menu items, and more likely to consider healthy items bland-tasting.
A study by University of Missouri-Columbia professors found that customer loyalty towards salespeople can lead to increased sales but make companies more vulnerable. Companies are recommended to develop strategies that encourage both salesperson and company loyalty.
Researchers at USC Information Sciences Institute completed a comprehensive census of the Internet, sending over 3 billion pings to every assigned address. The resulting atlas shows the Internet's structure and dynamics, providing insights into its growth, security, and evolution.
A study of US children found that nearly one-third take dietary supplements regularly, with multivitamins and multiminerals being the most common. Supplement use was linked to higher family income, smoke-free homes, and lower body mass index in children.
Two studies find a direct link between increased elective caesarean sections and decreased weekend births in Switzerland and Germany. The research suggests that hospitals schedule births during the week when they are fully resourced and staff is working 'normal' hours, leading to fewer births on weekends.
The SESAME project is developing a unique, integrated computer system that substantially increases data available to coaches during training sessions. This will enable coaches to provide near-instantaneous feedback on athlete technique, improving performance and reducing injury risk.
SMART-1 has mapped the polar regions, surveyed lunar resources, and investigated potential landing sites. The mission has provided clues on the dynamics of ejecta after impact and laboratory experiments have modeled impacts.
A Brown University study has found a significant link between living in damp, moldy homes and depression. The research team analyzed data from nearly 6,000 European adults and found that perceptions of control over the housing environment, combined with mold-related health problems, contribute to an elevated risk for depression.
Research conducted by UC Sociology Professor David Maume found that women are more likely to leave their jobs to attend to their children, while men prioritize work. The study suggests that traditional gender roles persist despite changing attitudes on family responsibilities.
A recent study reveals that minority families moving to new neighborhoods experience equal or better economic gains compared to whites, but white children remain in wealthier areas. The research also finds that staying in one's neighborhood leads to greater economic improvements for white families than non-migrant minorities.
TableSeer automates table extraction and searching across documents, improving efficiency for researchers. The engine's innovative ranking algorithm, TableRank, also identifies frequently cited tables in search results.
A new analysis of rosiglitazone data found an uncertain heart risk, while a study on geriatric conditions revealed they are common among adults 65+ and increase with age. Counseling programs about preventing car accident injuries showed inconclusive evidence.
A CU-Boulder-led study suggests that a 2006 tectonic plate motion reversal near Acapulco did not ease seismic strain in the region. Instead, it sped up by four times, making a major earthquake less likely, according to Professor Kristine Larson.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory propose a new model for understanding how autism is acquired, suggesting that spontaneous germ-line mutation is a significant cause. This mutation can be carried by women without severe symptoms and passed on to their children, increasing the risk of sons developing autism.
A research team used Data Envelopment Analysis to evaluate the success of internet shops, finding that efficient websites like Jcrew and Abercrombie can serve as role models for less effective sites. By reducing inputs or increasing outputs, these non-efficient sites can improve their performance and competitiveness.
An analysis of US city-specific weather data reveals that global warming will lead to more deaths in summer due to extreme temperatures. Deaths from all causes are known to rise when temperatures go up, and heart attacks and cardiac arrests are more likely when it is very cold.
The DOE JGI has released Version 2.2 of the Integrated Microbial Genomes (IMG) system, offering 2,815 genomes for public access. The new system includes enhanced data exploration and analysis tools, allowing scientists to better study microbial communities.
Patients treated by chiropractors had lower utilization costs and higher patient satisfaction levels than conventional medical doctors. The study found that patients visiting chiropractors experienced fewer hospitalizations, surgeries, and pharmaceutical use.
A study by Deborah Carr and Dmitry Khodyakov found that education, religious beliefs, and personal experiences with loss are key factors in seniors' decisions to appoint a healthcare proxy. Most people choose a spouse or child as their proxy, but there are also idiosyncratic responses among those outside traditional relationships.
A study by Duke University Medical Center found that pay-for-performance programs in hospitals had limited impact on processes of care and outcomes for heart attack patients. The researchers analyzed data from over 105,000 patients treated at 54 participating hospitals and 446 control hospitals between 2003 and 2006.
International studies show high efficacy for HPV vaccine. The vaccine is highly effective in preventing pre-malignant changes of the cervix and protects against serious HPV-related diseases, including high-grade cervical pre-cancers.
The University of Delaware is building 'IceTop,' a surface array of detectors for the IceCube project, which aims to detect high-energy particles from space. The telescope will provide new insights into cosmic events and reveal their inner workings.
A six-month study demonstrated that bifeprunox maintained stability and displayed a favorable weight and lipid profile compared to placebo in patients with schizophrenia. The treatment also showed promising results in reducing the risk of deterioration over time.
A UVM study found ski resort development increases water volume, chloride, and sediment levels in watersheds. Researchers analyzed data from two side-by-side watersheds on Mount Mansfield, showing greater hydrologic effects from resort development than traditional resource extraction.
The DOE JGI has established a gold standard for metagenomic data analysis, enabling accurate classification of sequence fragments into species populations. The method involves simulating metagenomes with known sample genomes, allowing researchers to evaluate the predictive accuracy of existing tools and identify potential pitfalls.
Two studies reveal that off-label and untested use of drug-coated stents is common in US practice, associated with higher ischemic complication rates and worse short-term outcomes. The studies found that approximately half of all use of drug-eluting stents occurs in off-label or untested settings.
A study by Yale School of Medicine researchers found that cigarette smoking status can be used as a clinical indicator for alcohol misuse, which presents an opportunity for intervention. Non-daily smokers are five times more likely to have a problem with alcohol compared to people who have never smoked.
A 6.7% decrease in breast cancer incidence among US women aged 50+ was reported, likely linked to a decline in hormone therapy use following the Women's Health Initiative study. However, other factors may contribute to this trend, and more research is needed.
The Gravity Probe B satellite has confirmed Einstein's predicted geodetic effect to a precision of better than 1 percent, but the frame-dragging effect is 170 times smaller and requires further analysis. Electrostatic patches on the gyroscopes' surface cause small torques, complicating the measurement of relativity effects.
A team of researchers is building a prototype system to automate scientific workflows, addressing the growing issue of data analysis overload in various fields like climatology and high-energy physics. The Windward project integrates AI and grid computing to create an efficient workflow management system.
A recent study published in BMC Medicine found that immunomodulatory agents can slow multiple sclerosis progression but are only prescribed to a minority of cases. Women and Caucasians were more likely to receive these treatments, highlighting disparities in care.
The MARSIS radar has mapped the South Polar region of Mars, revealing a giant dome-shaped area composed mainly of ice. The radar signals have also identified depressions with variable distribution and depth of ice deposits at high latitudes.
Recent immigrants acquire English and lose Spanish rapidly, exhibiting levels of patriotism equal to native-born whites by the 3rd generation. Hispanics largely reject a purely ethnic identification and show high levels of commitment to work ethic.
A study found that leisure-time physical activity is associated with a lower risk of work-related repetitive strain injury. The researchers analyzed data from the Canadian Community Health Survey and discovered that being physically active during free time can protect against this type of injury.
A recent study published in Law and Society Review reveals that pro bono work is influenced more by institutional factors than personal goodwill. The research found significant variations in attitudes towards pro bono work among lawyers in different practice settings, including small firms, large firms, solo practices, and in-house cou...
Uninsured individuals are more likely to receive less medical care, including recommended follow-up care, after a sudden health change. They also experience larger declines in short-term health and report worse health status months later.
A study by Akiko Matsumoto-Oda found that female chimpanzees do not synchronize their reproductive activities, reducing opportunities for less-desirable males to coerce them into mating. This strategy allows females to mate with higher-ranking males who possess desirable social and physical characteristics.
A study found that children aged 4-7 in states with booster seat laws were 39% more likely to be properly restrained than those in states without such laws. Booster seat use increased significantly between 1999 and 2004, especially among 4-5 year olds.
Researchers found that studios can increase revenues by changing distribution channels, but this move would threaten theaters' survival. In the US, film studios could gain 16% in revenue, while theaters' revenues could drop by 40%
A study of 233 individuals found that negative grief emotions such as yearning and anger peak at specific times after loss, declining by approximately six months. Acceptance is the most frequently endorsed item, increasing steadily over time.
A University of Alaska Fairbanks scientist advocates for collecting more and better data in fisheries management. This focus on data quality can lead to more accurate assessments of fish populations, ultimately improving the sustainability of fisheries and reducing environmental harm.
Researchers found African-American women are three times more likely to deliver prematurely and nearly five times more likely to experience recurrent preterm births. The study analyzed data from Missouri birth statistics between 1989 and 1997, adjusting for socioeconomic factors.
Researchers at UTSA's Department of Earth and Environmental Science are analyzing data collected in Antarctica to understand the impact of global warming on sea ice sheets. The team found regional increases and decreases in sea ice coverage, linked to global change in the atmosphere.
Researchers found that the poorest people in developing countries are least likely to use contraception, with significant regional variations. The authors emphasize the need for governments and international health organizations to focus on providing contraceptive services to those with very low incomes.
The DOE JGI has released the latest upgrade of its metagenomics data management and analysis system, IMG/M. The enhanced version provides aggregate genome data from recent studies on biological phosphorus removing sludge, human distal gut, a gutless marine worm, and obese and lean mouse gut.
A heavier workload for hospital residents on patient admission days was associated with increased length of hospital stay, total costs, and risk of inpatient death. The study found that reducing team admission loads and maximizing availability of other resources could help minimize these outcomes.
A study found that four out of five hospital performance measures for heart failure were not linked to improved patient outcomes. The measures, developed by the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association, include discharge instructions and evaluation of left ventricular systolic function.
According to a study in JAMA, approximately 50 million US residents younger than 65 spend more than 10% of their family income on healthcare, up from 37.8 million in 1996. The researchers estimated that 17.1 million insured persons were underinsured, with limited financial protection from high out-of-pocket costs.
Scientists at Ohio State University have used a new radar instrument to create the first three-dimensional image of the ground beneath Greenland's ice sheet. The image reveals a landscape with mountains and valleys, similar to Canada and the northern United States, hidden for millions of years.
A recent study found that black Americans are less likely to recognize their own overweight or obese status compared to white Americans, despite having higher rates of excess weight. The research suggests that this misperception can have significant health consequences, including increased risk of diabetes and premature death.
Chronic disability rates decline significantly among older adults from 1982 to 2004/2005, with greatest improvements seen in most severely impaired individuals. The rate of decline accelerates over time, indicating continued improvement in health and function.