Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
A study of Italian women with breast cancer found that most cases were diagnosed in people over 50 and had not spread to lymph nodes. The disease was hormone-receptor positive and HER2-negative, indicating a classical endocrine-responsive type. Treatment choices were influenced by tumor stage rather than biological factors.
A new study found that both high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplant and conventional treatment with lenalidomide achieved positive responses in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. The study showed improved quality of response compared to induction alone.
Erlotinib has been shown to improve progression-free survival in patients with advanced lung cancer carrying EGFR activating mutations. The OPTIMAL trial found that erlotinib nearly tripled progression-free survival compared to a standard chemotherapy combination. Safety analyses also showed lower rates of adverse events with erlotinib.
A study presented at the ESMO Congress found that a patient's overall survival time is linked to the time to treatment failure for each line of chemotherapy. Analyzing data from 980 women with metastatic breast cancer, researchers identified this key factor as the most significant determinant of overall survival.
A new type of cancer treatment has shown encouraging activity as a first-line therapy in HER2-positive metastatic disease. The study demonstrated that T-DM1 has good anti-tumor activity and much lower toxicity compared to the older standard.
Researchers have discovered a new way that DNA-repair enzymes detect and fix damage to the chemical bases in the genetic code. The newly discovered mechanism detects and repairs a common form of DNA damage called alkylation, which is caused by environmental toxins and chemotherapy drugs.
A new study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that approximately half of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients received chemotherapy treatment, exceeding previous estimates. The retrospective analysis showed age and insurance type were associated with chemotherapy administration.
Researchers found that adding rituximab to chemotherapy significantly prolongs lives of CLL patients. Chemoimmunotherapy showed improved response rates and disease progression rates compared to standard chemotherapy alone.
A new randomised trial shows that starting chemotherapy earlier does not improve survival or quality of life for women with relapsed ovarian cancer. The study found that patients who received early treatment experienced a faster deterioration in quality of life, including role, emotional, social, and fatigue symptoms.
A phase 3 trial shows cabazitaxel improves overall and progression-free survival in men with advanced multi-drug resistant prostate cancer. The medication was found to be effective in patients whose disease progressed after standard chemotherapy with docetaxel.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine found gray matter changes in breast cancer patients' brains during and after chemotherapy treatment. Memory and executive functions were most affected, with some women experiencing subtle and others severe cognitive impairments.
A new clinical trial found that 96% of patients with intermediate-risk neuroblastoma survived for three years after receiving reduced chemotherapy doses. The study, led by Katherine Matthay at UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, aimed to minimize the toxic effects of cancer drugs on young children.
Scientists have developed a new form of methotrexate as nose drops to treat brain cancer, showing promise in bypassing the blood-brain barrier. In initial testing on laboratory rats with brain cancer, the nose drop drug reduced tumor weight by almost one-third compared to injectable treatment.
Studies identified that postmastectomy irradiation triples the risk for an unplanned return to the operating room and immediate breast reconstruction increases that risk eight-fold. Women considering immediate reconstruction may benefit from a sentinel lymph node biopsy prior to mastectomy.
Researchers propose new clinical trial endpoints for immunotherapies, accounting for delayed responses and novel patterns of anti-tumor activity. The immune-related response criteria (irRC) offer a revised approach to measuring treatment success, considering factors such as lymphocyte infiltration and tumor burden.
A genetic signature has been identified that can help doctors determine which patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer are at high risk for developing disease recurrence and may benefit from chemotherapy after surgery. The study found that the 15-gene signature predicted aggressive disease in 62 patients, and those with agg...
Researchers have created a new cancer treatment that uses conditional small RNA molecules to selectively kill cancer cells. The approach exploits characteristics of DNA and RNA to separate diagnosis and treatment steps, potentially eliminating unwanted side effects.
A study published in Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that using the histoculture drug response assay to guide chemotherapy improves lung cancer survival and prognosis for patients who have undergone surgery. The use of adjuvant chemotherapy based on assay results showed a higher five-year survival rate compared to traditional treatm...
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed a nano-sized vehicle that can deliver chemotherapy drugs directly into cancer cells while avoiding interaction with healthy cells. This technology has the potential to increase the efficiency of chemotherapeutic treatments while reducing their debilitating side effects.
A phase 3 trial found trastuzumab improves median survival to 13.8 months for HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer patients, with a 26% reduction in death rate compared to chemotherapy alone. The treatment's cost effectiveness is questioned due to its estimated £13,857 per patient cost and $55,000 cost per life-year gained.
A study by Yale University researchers found that a combination of four herbs reduced gastrointestinal side effects of chemotherapy in mice while increasing the effectiveness of cancer treatment. The herbal formula PHY906 enhanced anti-tumor activity and promoted intestinal cell regeneration.
A centuries-old traditional Chinese medicine, PHY906, may reduce intestinal side effects of chemotherapy by stimulating gut cell division and reducing inflammation in cancer patients. Researchers found that PHY906 triggers Wnt signaling, which drives the replacement of damaged intestinal stem cells with healthy ones.
Assistant Professor Annelise Nguyen receives $370,000 grant to study cell communication in cancer cells, potentially leading to enhanced drug treatments. Her work also has potential applications for colon and prostate cancers.
Dr. Thomas J. Walsh, Director of the Transplantation-Oncology Infectious Diseases Program at Weill Cornell Medical College, has been selected as the 2010 laureate of the sanofi-aventis ICAAC Award for his groundbreaking work on antifungal pharmacology and therapeutics.
Researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery that challenges scientists' understanding of programmed cell death and its role in tumour formation. The study found that the body's natural cell-suicide program can fuel tumour development under certain conditions.
For nearly three-quarters of elderly patients, intensive chemotherapy is associated with poor prognosis and low median survival time. Researchers identified several predictive factors for mortality rate, including age over 80, genetic abnormalities, and kidney function impairment.
A genetic test has been developed to predict which children with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) are unlikely to benefit from standard chemotherapy. The test identifies patients whose leukemia cells harbor an intact TCR-gamma gene, who generally have a poor response to induction chemotherapy.
Researchers confirm bevacizumab's safety in treating advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer when combined with chemotherapy. The comprehensive study found no new safety signals beyond previously known toxicities, including life-threatening effects like bleeding.
A recent study found that combining radiation and chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma increases treatment-related toxicities and non-cancer deaths. Patients treated with combined therapies experienced a higher acute toxicity rate compared to those treated with radiation alone.
Researchers use mesoporous silica nanoparticles to store and deliver chemotherapeutic drugs, effectively suppressing tumors in mice. The treatment led to significant tumor regression and minimal toxicity.
A study found that perfusion CT can detect hemodynamic changes in liver tissue, indicating drug-induced hepatic damage. The research team correlated perfusion CT parameters with ALT levels and treatment cycles, revealing increased HPI and MTT in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Researchers at TGen have found a way to revive chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients who no longer respond to conventional treatment. By inhibiting the CHEK1 protein, they were able to make these cells sensitive again to cisplatin, a widely used platinum-based chemotherapy drug.
A new study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that Medicare cuts to physician payments for outpatient chemotherapy drugs increased treatment rates among Medicare recipients. The study analyzed data from 222,478 beneficiaries with lung cancer and found a 2.4% increase in chemotherapy treatment within one month of diagnosis.
Researchers found that administering nab-paclitaxel weekly resulted in a 48% response rate and less severe side effects compared to every-three-week dosing. The study showed improved anti-tumor activity and reduced nerve damage with the novel formulation.
The study enrolled 237 patients with recurrent GBM and found that NovoTTF was as effective as the best available chemotherapies without the toxicity. Patients treated with NovoTTF lived longer and experienced fewer infections compared to chemotherapy.
Researchers found that adding sorafenib to chemotherapy regimens does not improve patient survival in advanced melanoma patients. The study, sponsored by ECOG, enrolled 823 patients and did not confirm promising results from previous phase II studies.
Vandetanib significantly prolongs progression-free survival and improves response rates compared to standard chemotherapy alone in previously treated advanced NSCLC patients. The addition of vandetanib also reduces symptoms and increases time to worsening of symptoms.
Researchers from University Hospitals Case Medical Center will present new clinical research findings on biomarker-driven treatment in stage II colon cancer and the utility of the Vulnerable Elders Survey for predicting sixth-month functional decline among older patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Additionally, a study found t...
Patients with stage II colon cancer treated after 1995 had longer time to recurrence, but improved overall survival. Stage III colon cancer patients treated after 1995 also showed improved overall survival without change in time to recurrence compared to those treated before 1995.
Researchers at University of Florida have developed a two-pronged therapy targeting both leukemia cells and their environment. The therapy, called Oxi4503, uses an agent that poisons leukemia cells and destroys blood vessels supplying them with oxygen and nutrients.
Researchers developed a nanosponge-based delivery system that is three to five times more effective than direct injection in reducing tumor growth. The system uses biodegradable particles with predictable release characteristics, making it an attractive alternative for targeted cancer therapy.
A study published in The Lancet Oncology found that zoledronic acid reduced the number of tumor cells in bone marrow at surgery and improved bone density in women with stage II or III breast cancer. The treatment may also help fight certain types of breast tumors directly.
A study published in the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting showed that lenalidomide significantly improved response rates and complete remission in patients with transformed lymphoma. Patients treated with lenalidomide had a remarkable response rate, with some experiencing complete remission for over a year.
Erlotinib maintenance therapy significantly improves progression-free and overall survival in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. The treatment is generally well-tolerated, with mild to moderate side effects.
Patients who undergo gastric cancer surgery followed by chemotherapy have a lower risk of death and improved disease-free survival compared to those who receive surgery alone. The analysis found an 18% reduction in the risk of death and improved overall survival with chemotherapy.
A recent study by American Academy of Pediatrics found that parents administering medication to children with chronic conditions often make mistakes. The researchers visited the homes of 83 children and reviewed 544 medications, discovering 128 errors, including those that could injure the child.
A Phase I trial combining pemetrexed with radiation and chemotherapy for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer demonstrates tolerability and efficacy. The regimen allows high cytotoxic doses during radiotherapy, increasing the chance of killing cancerous cells.
Researchers found that combining regional hyperthermia with chemotherapy increases local progression-free and disease-free survival rates in high-risk sarcoma patients. The treatment has shown promise, but the safety profile remains a concern.
The ERCC1 Analysis measures ERCC1 levels in cells to predict response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy, which is considered the standard of care for advanced NSCLC. Studies have shown that low expression levels of ERCC1 are related to a better response and survival benefit from adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
Researchers found that zoledronic acid decreased detectable tumour cells in women with locally advanced breast cancer, particularly after 3 months of treatment. The study suggests zoledronic acid's potential to alter the microenvironment making it less favourable for cancer cells.
The study found that PARP expression is present in all breast cancer subtypes and correlates with a total response to chemotherapy. Tumors with high PARP levels showed a significant improvement in overall survival.
New research suggests that pregnant women with breast cancer can be treated with chemotherapy without endangering the health of their unborn baby. The study found that babies exposed to chemotherapy during pregnancy were born slightly lighter but otherwise had similar outcomes as those not exposed to chemotherapy.
Adding chemotherapy to surgery or surgery plus radiotherapy significantly improves survival rates for patients with operable non-small-cell lung cancer. The meta-analysis found a 4% increase in survival at 5 years, regardless of the type of chemotherapy used.
A new study found that older patients with stage III colon cancer are less likely to receive chemotherapy after surgery due to concerns about adverse events. However, the study discovered that when they do receive chemotherapy, it is less toxic and of shorter duration compared to younger patients, resulting in fewer adverse events.
Researchers have found a way to enhance drug delivery to solid tumors by temporarily breaking down blood vessel walls, allowing drugs to reach the tumor more efficiently. This breakthrough could lead to improved treatment options for previously intractable solid cancers.
Researchers found that microRNA-31 regulates the protein IFITM-1, which contributes to chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Identifying this microRNA could lead to a therapeutic target for overcoming chemotherapy resistance.
Research found no significant differences in tolerance and efficacy between elderly and non-elderly NSCLC patients receiving salvage targeted therapy or chemotherapy. Elderly patients showed comparable response rates, disease control, and survival times as younger patients.
Aprepitant has been shown to dramatically reduce nausea and vomiting in bone marrow transplant patients, with 73% experiencing no vomiting and 49% having little or no nausea. This breakthrough finding suggests aprepitant could become a standard part of patients' care.
Researchers identify a gene signature that predicts colon cancer recurrence and death, allowing for personalized chemotherapy targeting and avoiding toxic treatments.
Researchers have developed a nanotechnology approach that allows for targeted and simultaneous delivery of cancer-killing drugs and genetic drugs to prevent resistance. The treatment shows promise in eliminating side effects associated with chemotherapy.