Articles tagged with Clinical Trials
New head-to-head clinical studies reveal that Reach Ultraclean Toothbrush and Floss outperform leading products in plaque removal. The studies found that Reach Ultraclean Floss removes up to two times more plaque than Glide floss products, while the toothbrush provides improved gum health and removes 90% of hard-to-reach plaque.
Researchers at UW-Madison have found a safe and acceptable protein option for people with phenylketonuria (PKU), allowing them to liberalize their diet. The GMP protein derived from whey has been shown to improve protein metabolism and lower blood phenylalanine levels.
The Ocean State Clinical Coordinating Center at Rhode Island Hospital will oversee a Phase II study of CytoFab to treat severe sepsis. The center, led by Dr. Steven LaRosa, has been awarded $800,000 to coordinate the trial's international sites.
A large international clinical trial found that surgical ventricular reconstruction did not reduce deaths and hospitalizations in heart failure patients, nor improve quality of life compared to bypass alone. The study, STICH, included 1,000 patients from 96 medical centers in 23 countries.
Researchers found that surgical ventricular reconstruction did not improve patients' survival or quality of life, but increased hospitalization costs. The study compared outcomes between patients who received bypass surgery alone and those with added SVR, revealing no significant difference in quality of life measures.
The newly formed National Bioethics Committee for research of Gabon will review clinical trial protocols, ensuring the safety and well-being of African study participants. The committee's establishment marks a significant step towards strengthening ethics review capacity in Africa.
Researchers found that 50% of hippocampal cells differentiate between correct and incorrect responses, influencing new learning by changing cell sensitivity. The study establishes a physiological link between associative learning and processing trial outcomes.
A new study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that intensive insulin therapy significantly increases the risk of hypoglycemia in critically ill patients. The study included data from 26 trials and analyzed the effect of intensive insulin therapy on vital status and hypoglycemia in the ICU setting.
Oral vitamin D supplements significantly reduce non-vertebral fractures by 14% and hip fractures by 9% in adults 65 or older. Higher doses of vitamin D (above 400 IU/day) show greater fracture reduction, especially among individuals with higher blood vitamin D levels.
The SPCG-4 trial found that radical prostatectomy significantly reduces prostate cancer mortality and risk of metastases, with little to no increase in benefits over a 12-year follow-up. The study suggests that well-structured pre-treatment information, patient understanding, and support are crucial for managing prostate cancer.
Researchers at McMaster University are launching Canada's first tuberculosis (TB) vaccine clinical trial with a vaccine designed, manufactured and tested within the university. The phase 1 clinical trial will evaluate the safety of the new vaccine and assess immune responses in healthy volunteers.
A new study published in The Lancet found that coronary artery bypass graft may be a better treatment choice than percutaneous coronary intervention (angioplasty) for patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease who have diabetes and are older than 65. In contrast, PCI may be the best option for patients 55 years and younger.
A recent study comparing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) with catheter/balloon/stent percutaneous intervention (PCI) found that CABG may be a better option for patients with diabetes and those aged 65-75 years. The research, involving 7812 patients, revealed lower mortality rates in these subgroups.
A Phase II clinical trial found that the vaccine showed efficacy in mothers, with a significantly lower rate of CMV infection. The study used an experimental vaccine made from glycoprotein B and included an adjuvant to improve immune response.
A major US study of 75,000 men found that annual prostate cancer screening led to more diagnoses but not fewer deaths. The study suggests that men with a short life expectancy may not need screening, and further research is needed to determine its benefits and harms.
A new experimental vaccine has shown promising results in preventing cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in infants, reducing the risk by 50% compared to a saline injection. The vaccine was given to 441 CMV-negative women and found to be safe with minimal side effects.
Research from Tel Aviv University found that people with type 2 diabetes are 1.5 times more likely to experience cognitive decline and 1.6 times more likely to suffer from dementia than those without the condition. Higher blood glucose levels may contribute to this relationship.
A short course of radiation therapy followed by high-quality surgery is the most effective treatment for patients with operable rectal cancer. Recent trials have shown a reduction in local recurrence with radiotherapy and chemotherapy before or after surgery.
Researchers used a six-gene model to stratify patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, predicting survival and accuracy rates. The study found the model accurate in predicting low-risk patients' survival and high-risk patients' mortality.
A two-year study found that reducing calories leads to weight loss regardless of carbohydrate, protein, or fat content. Participants who attended counseling sessions lost more weight than those without, supporting the importance of continued support in achieving weight loss goals.
The CANTAM network, the first EDCTP-funded regional Network of Excellence, aims to build research capacity in Central Africa. Partner institutions from Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Tanzania, and Germany will collaborate to conduct clinical trials under best practices.
A systematic review of high-quality trials found exercise to be significantly effective in preventing new episodes of low-back problems. Meanwhile, popular prevention methods such as reduced lifting programs and ergonomic interventions were ineffective.
A clinical trial is underway to test if genetics can improve warfarin prescription by optimizing each patient's dose. Using genetic information, doctors may be able to better determine optimal warfarin doses, minimizing the risk of excessive bleeding or clotting in patients at the extremes of the dosing range.
A large-scale study and clinical trial suggest that incorporating genetic data into warfarin prescribing can lead to more accurate ideal dosages, particularly for patients at the extremes of the dosage range. This could help minimize dangerous complications and improve treatment effectiveness and safety.
The shift of clinical trials to developing countries raises questions about the scientific value and ethical implications for patients in the US. Researchers found that over half of study sites were outside the US borders, and companies were testing drugs in emerging markets without aligning with local health needs.
A study found that a longer maintenance of wakefulness test protocol is more effective in detecting excessive daytime sleepiness, but motivation can override the test's accuracy. The findings highlight the need for further research to develop more reliable methods for assessing an individual's ability to remain vigilant while driving.
A randomised trial of 1590 cancer patients found no benefit of warfarin in reducing catheter-related thrombosis. However, dose-adjusted warfarin showed a reduced risk of thromboses compared to fixed-dose warfarin. The study concludes that warfarin is not a viable option for thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients.
Two large clinical trials found that IL-2 immunotherapy increases CD4+ T cell counts in HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy, but fails to reduce the risk of opportunistic diseases or death. The treatment's efficacy was not linked to better health outcomes.
Patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma who continue on maintenance rituximab therapy after chemotherapy have better overall survival than those without treatment. Rituximab maintenance therapy was associated with a 40% improvement in overall survival relative to observation or retreatment.
Researchers used electronic medical records to evaluate drug therapies, finding results comparable to randomized clinical trials in nine out of 17 outcomes. The study suggests enormous amounts of information within EMR databases can expand healthcare knowledge.
A study found that measuring lower uterine segment (LUS) thickness can predict uterine scar defects and anticipate high-risk patients for subsequent uterine rupture. Women with full LUS thickness under 2.3mm and single-layer muscular closure are at increased risk.
A clinical trial at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine found that patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis experienced significant improvements after receiving an autologous non-myeloablative haematopoietic stem-cell transplant. The disease stabilized in all patients, with 81% showing improvement.
A study published in JAMA found that intensive treatment guided by N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels significantly improved hospital-free survival in heart failure patients under 75 years old. However, this benefit was not observed in patients over 75 years old.
A randomized controlled trial found that alternating cycles of chemotherapy and radiation have similar outcomes to sequential chemotherapy followed by radiation in treating larynx cancer. The study showed no significant difference in clinical outcomes between the two treatment groups.
A clinical trial found adult mask wearers were four times more likely to be protected against respiratory viruses. Masks are particularly important during pandemics when vaccine development is delayed and supplies may be scarce for frontline workers.
The revised RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours) guidelines aim to ease workloads in clinical trials by reducing the number of lesions to be assessed and providing new guidance on tumor burden measurement. The updated criteria also refine disease progression definitions and incorporate modern imaging techniques.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found hospital at-home programs produce similar health outcomes to inpatient care for select patients, including those with chronic pulmonary disease and stroke. Patient satisfaction is also high for treatment at home.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 clinical trials found that commonly used pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines do not appear to prevent pneumonia. High-quality trials only showed no evidence of vaccine efficacy, raising questions about current recommendations for the vaccine.
Scientific evidence supports the use of copper surfaces to reduce hospital-acquired infections. Clinical trials demonstrate a significant reduction in micro-organisms on copper alloys compared to stainless steel and plastic.
A new clinical trial suggests that long-term use of candesartan may significantly reduce symptoms of genetic heart disease, including left ventricular hypertrophy. The study found no adverse effects of candesartan use and highlights the need for customized treatment protocols based on individual patient gene mutations.
The gene responsible for Progeria has led to a promising experimental drug being evaluated in 28 children with the disease. Researchers have pinpointed the genetic mutation and identified an effective therapy, potentially treating this fatal disorder.
Two studies published in The Lancet show that removing pelvic lymph nodes or external beam radiotherapy does not improve survival rates for women with early endometrial cancer. Removal of lymph nodes increased risk of death by 16%, while radiotherapy showed no benefit in terms of overall survival.
A subanalysis of the AZA-001 phase III trial reveals Vidaza extends overall survival and reduces death risk in elderly higher-risk MDS patients. The treatment also improves one-year survival rates in all response categories.
A new analysis of the AZA-001 phase III clinical trial shows that Vidaza significantly improves response rates for higher-risk MDS patients. Continued treatment with Vidaza leads to improved responses in nearly half of patients, offering hope for those who initially have a weak response.
The RTS, S/AS01E malaria vaccine has shown strong immune response and reduced clinical malaria incidence in children aged 5-17 months. The vaccine's efficacy is being recommended to progress to Phase 3 trials.
Two new studies published in NEJM confirm the efficacy of RTS,S/AS, a malaria vaccine candidate, in reducing clinical episodes by 53% in children aged 5-17 months. The vaccine also demonstrates favorable safety profiles and can be administered alongside standard infant vaccines, providing an optimal delivery platform.
Two REVLIMID Phase II studies showed significant activity and tolerability in previously untreated CLL patients, achieving response rates of 52% and 96% with manageable side effects. The studies also indicated that continued treatment can improve response rates.
A multi-site clinical trial found that study participants prefer receiving personalized and accurate information about study results, with high satisfaction rates for telephone calls and conference calls. The study suggests that addressing the need for better communication between researchers and participants is feasible and highly val...
Clinical trials involve millions of individuals, yet there's no formal requirement to inform them of study results, leaving participants confused. Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center proposed a novel approach to disseminate study results, which showed high levels of satisfaction among participants.
The University of Liverpool will establish a national 'hub' for clinical trial methodologies, providing expertise in areas such as drug safety and cancer research. The hub aims to improve patient care by increasing the validity and relevance of evidence on healthcare decisions.
A new study published in The Lancet shows that there is no definitive difference in outcomes between using general or local anaesthetic for carotid surgery. The randomised controlled trial analysed over 3,500 patients and found similar incidence rates of stroke, heart attack, and death in both groups.
A study found that media coverage of clinical trials rarely provides readers with the necessary information to make informed decisions. The researchers compared pharmaceutical and herbal remedy trials and found that stories underreported risk and lacked disclosure of trial funding and scientists' conflicts of interest.
A randomized trial found that systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy did not improve disease-free or overall survival in women with stage I endometrial cancer. Lymphadenectomy was associated with improved surgical staging and detection of disease spread to pelvic lymph nodes, but no therapeutic benefit.
The Novo-TTF device was shown to enhance the efficacy of standard chemotherapy in treating newly-diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme patients. Combination therapy with the device prolonged time to disease progression by nearly 31 months and increased survival by more than 25 months compared to historical results.
A large multicenter trial led by the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine found that Ginkgo biloba extract did not reduce the risk of dementia or Alzheimer's disease in either healthy elderly individuals or those with mild cognitive impairment. The study, which involved over 3,000 participants, also showed no impact on coronary ...
A new at-home test, SpermCheck Vasectomy, has been shown to accurately detect low sperm counts in vasectomized men. The test achieved an accuracy rate of 96% in identifying sperm concentrations below a threshold of 250,000 sperm per ml.
A new IBS treatment developed at University at Buffalo has received $8.5 million to conduct a seven-year, multi-site clinical trial of the program. The trial will test the long-term effectiveness of a self-administered cognitive behavior therapy program and assess its impact on quality of life.
Researchers will investigate new ways of developing clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The study aims to improve the speed, cost-effectiveness, and relevance of treatments, benefiting patients and their carers.
The report aims to improve cancer clinical trial participation, particularly among racial and ethnic minorities and low-income groups. It recommends integrating community representatives into the research development process and disseminating results in ways that patients can understand.
Researchers at the American Society of Nephrology's Annual Meeting found that stent placement does not improve kidney function or blood pressure in patients with atherosclerotic renovascular disease. The ASTRAL trial, involving over 800 patients, showed no clinically worthwhile benefits from revascularization.