Articles tagged with Clinical Trials
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Phase II and phase III clinical trials demonstrate DAYTRANA's effectiveness in reducing ADHD symptoms, including improvements in behavior and classroom performance. The patch formulation provides a once-daily treatment option for children aged 6-12 with ADHD.
The MIT 'seeing machine' allows visually challenged people to see images, videos, and text through a desktop device. In a pilot clinical trial, 60% of participants accurately interpreted visual language and navigated a virtual environment with the help of the device.
The new open-access journal aims to increase the accuracy and completeness of evidence available for clinical decision-making. All randomized trials are rigorously peer-reviewed and reported accurately, regardless of outcome.
A study analyzed 324 cardiovascular clinical trials published between 2000 and 2005, finding that for-profit trials were more likely to report positive findings than not-for-profit trials. The authors suggest that incentives from for-profit organizations may influence trial outcomes, leading to biased results.
A large randomized clinical trial found no association between selenium supplementation and reduced risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, or cardiovascular deaths. The study of 1,004 participants in low-selenium areas showed no difference in endpoints based on baseline selenium levels.
A study estimated the costs and benefits of 28 US NIH-funded phase III clinical trials, finding a total cost of $335 million and a projected net benefit of over $15 billion at 10 years. The trials led to significant improvements in public health.
A study analyzing NINDS-supported clinical trials found a 4600% return on investment and estimated benefits of over $50 billion. The studies improved health outcomes and saved lives, with some trials showing benefits of over $6 billion.
A recent study found that moderate doses of steroids given to patients with late-stage ARDS did not improve survival rates. However, the treatment did reduce lung inflammation and allowed patients to wean off mechanical ventilators earlier. The study's results suggest caution when treating patients with late-stage ARDS with steroids.
Researchers conducted two large studies on children with dental amalgam fillings and found no adverse health effects. Despite initial concerns about mercury poisoning, the studies concluded that children exposed to amalgam had low levels of mercury in their urine and no measurable signs of damage to the brain or kidneys.
A study analyzing 551 men with prostate cancer found that a 30% decline in serum PSA levels within three months of treatment can reduce the risk of death by at least 50%. The researchers suggest that PSAs could be used as reliable endpoint measures for prostate cancer treatment efficacy.
A study of postmenopausal women found that those taking conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) had a lower rate of invasive breast cancer, total breast cancer, and localized disease compared to placebo group. CEE also showed a decrease in the risk of ductal carcinomas, but not lobular disease.
Women taking estrogen had fewer breast cancer tumors, but the difference was not statistically significant. Participants also underwent more mammograms and biopsies, which may be related to changes in breast tissue.
The study showed that SB-509 was safe and well-tolerated, with no dose-limiting toxicities observed. Improvements in pain, numbness, and neurological symptoms were seen in approximately 50% of patients, with significant anecdotal improvements reported in neurologic exam scores and electrophysiologic testing.
Honey's antibacterial quality rapidly clears existing infection, while also protecting wounds from additional infections. The sweetener stimulates the growth of granulation and epithelial tissues to speed up the healing process.
Patients with relapsing forms of MS taking Betaseron experienced a sustained 40% reduction in annual relapse rates over 16 years. Long-term treatment showed slower disease progression, with those on therapy reaching EDSS 6.0 after a median time of 13 years.
A long-term follow-up study found no evidence of poorer outcomes in children who received CNEP, a treatment for respiratory distress syndrome. In fact, the CNEP group had higher language and visual/spatial skills compared to those receiving standard ventilation support.
The Duke study aims to determine whether a modified form of the investigational bird flu vaccine can trigger a strong immune response at lower doses. The seven-month trial will test varying strengths of the H5N1 vaccine, either with or without an aluminum hydroxide adjuvant.
The H5N1 avian flu vaccine has shown promise in inducing immune responses in healthy adults. Among the 99 participants who received the high-dose vaccine, 54% developed neutralizing antibodies to the vaccine at a serum dilution of 1:40 or greater.
A study at Oregon Health & Science University found that stroke patients who received electrical stimulation therapy showed significant improvement in hand mobility and strength compared to those receiving rehabilitation alone. The therapy, which induces neural plasticity, helps patients regain lost functions.
A landmark trial found that carotid stenting significantly reduces the risk of stroke in asymptomatic patients with carotid artery disease, with a lower rate of major complications compared to medical therapy. The study also showed better outcomes for younger patients and no increased risk of undetected complications.
The MIST trial studied patients with severe, frequent migraines and a medium-to-large PFO, randomly assigning them to PFO closure or sham intervention. Results showed promise for PFO closure as a treatment option for relieving migraines.
The study demonstrates that carotid artery stenting with formalized training has outcomes comparable to the pivotal SAPPHIRE trial. Preliminary data indicates a low stroke rate of 3.6% at 30 days for patients treated by trained physicians.
A pilot study found valproic acid slows cognitive decline in HIV-related dementia, with potential applications for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The treatment targets neuro-inflammation, a key factor in neurodegeneration.
Studies investigate homocysteine lowering and cardiovascular event rates, revealing high risks for patients with atherothrombosis. Researchers explore new treatment approaches, including bone marrow mobilization, to improve exercise capacity and prevent complications.
A multicenter trial found sirolimus-eluting stents to be more effective than vascular brachytherapy (VBT) in treating restenosis within a stent. The study showed significant differences in major adverse cardiac events, target lesion revascularization rates, and target vessel failure rates.
A large randomized trial of over 8,300 women with low dietary calcium found that calcium supplements significantly reduced severe preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and preterm delivery. Calcium supplementation also led to a lower risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Researchers at Yale are expanding a study using magnetic stimulation to treat schizophrenia, including a new trial with 90 patients. The treatment involves TMS, which modestly reduces the capacity of neurons to activate each other and may curb hallucinations.
Two Stanford University neurologists warn that clinical trials can be disastrous when a drug with unknown side effects is tested on healthy patients. They advocate for stricter entry criteria to prevent similar mistakes in the future.
A recent study found that stem cell mobilization therapy does not improve left ventricular recovery in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Despite significant mobilization of bone marrow stem cells, treatment did not alter infarct size or risk of restenosis or major adverse cardiac events.
Experts warn that sharing study results with participants could negatively impact their future health due to potential regret over less effective treatments. A revised informed consent strategy is proposed to balance individual rights with the need for transparency.
A recent study published in Anesthesiology found that xenon was administered safely to patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, showing its potential as a neuroprotectant. The discovery could lead to new treatments for conditions such as strokes and brain injuries, where nerve damage is a major concern.
Researchers have successfully used pig islet cells to reverse type 1 diabetes in humans through transplantation. The demand for islet cells far outweighs the supply, but this breakthrough offers a potential solution. The University of Minnesota has made significant progress in developing a safe and reliable source of islet cells.
DePaoli asparagus offers a higher yield of spears than other varieties, reducing labor costs and making the vegetable more profitable. The new variety boasts an excellent spear quality, with a high percentage of marketable spears.
A study analyzing five clinical trials found that low-carbohydrate diets led to greater weight loss and improved HDL levels after six months. However, increased total cholesterol and LDL levels were observed in those on low-carb diets after a year.
A study led by Dr. Richard Goldberg found that the chemotherapy regimen FOLFOX4 is effective in treating colorectal cancer regardless of age, including older patients over 70. The analysis of nearly 4,000 patients showed consistent benefits and side effects across all age groups.
Researchers tracked over 8 years and found no reduction in colorectal cancer cases with low-fat diet intervention. The study suggests that mid-to-late life dietary changes may not significantly impact colorectal cancer risk.
A recent study published in JAMA Network found that a low-fat diet did not significantly decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease or stroke. However, trends toward greater reductions in CHD risk were observed in those with lower intakes of saturated fat or trans fat, or higher intakes of vegetables and fruits.
A human trial has shown that a ricin vaccine is safe and induces protective immunity in humans. The vaccine, called RiVax, produced neutralizing antibodies in all participants, even at the lowest dose tested.
A Phase 2 clinical study revealed that BiovaxID, a personalized anti-cancer vaccine, induced anti-tumor T-cell responses in most patients despite B-cell depletion. The overall survival rate was 89%, showing the vaccine's potential to treat other types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
The Strategies for Management of Anti-Retroviral Therapy (SMART) trial found that participants on continuous antiretroviral therapy had significantly lower risk of disease progression compared to those on episodic therapy. The study also revealed increased risks of cardiovascular, kidney, and liver diseases in participants on the drug ...
A new clinical trials method is proposed to improve patient care by incorporating Bayesian approaches in trial design. The frequentist statistical method used today is considered too rigid and limits innovation, whereas the Bayesian approach allows for continuous updating based on interim results.
A meta-analysis of 36 clinical trials reveals that optimal radiation therapy significantly improves patient survival rates in breast cancer patients. The analysis found a 2.9% and 6.4% absolute increase in survival at 5 and 10 years, respectively.
A study of 13,041 cystic fibrosis patients found that those enrolled in clinical trials showed a slower decline in lung function compared to non-participants. The authors suggest that access to better healthcare through more office visits may be the key reason for this difference.
The Fluarix clinical study demonstrated the vaccine's ability to induce protective antibodies, making it a promising tool in bolstering flu vaccine supply. The successful collaboration between academia, industry, and government agencies enabled the rapid development of the vaccine.
The CYPHER Stent showed reduced restenosis and TLR rates compared to the Taxus stent. Exponential growth in 2005, driven by positive trial results, solidified its position as the leading drug-eluting stent globally.
A study found that informational campaigns alone may not be enough to increase participation in cancer clinical trials among black and Asian American patients. Lack of awareness about trial costs being covered by insurance is a significant barrier to participation, especially among those with lower incomes and education levels.
A Phase I clinical trial is underway to test the safety and potential of using child's own bone marrow stem cells to treat traumatic brain injury. The study aims to establish the safety of the procedure and observe possible therapeutic effects.
The International study reported a significant improvement in median time-to-disease progression with REVLIMID plus dexamethasone compared to placebo plus dexamethasone. The best response rate, complete response and near complete response rates were also higher with REVLIMID plus dexamethasone.
A study of lung cancer patients found that those who did not participate in clinical trials were more likely to be African American, female, or over 70. The researchers suggest targeting specific patient subgroups to improve representation in clinical trials.
A recent study published in The Lancet suggests that high-dose chemotherapy improves both event-free and overall survival for women with advanced breast cancer. This finding contradicts previous studies, highlighting the need for further investigation into this treatment strategy.
African-American women who joined a cancer screening trial had better understanding of cancer and early detection, motivated by loved one's experience with cancer. The study suggests targeted strategies to improve recruitment, including providing health benefits and informing physicians about clinical trials.
A nationwide randomized clinical trial found that mycophenolate mofetil produced fewer complications than the standard medication Cytoxan in patients with lupus nephritis. The study showed that oral mycophenolate mofetil worked faster in relieving inflamed kidneys and improved patient outcomes.
Patients who received left ventricular assistant devices (LVADs) had a significantly longer average survival time of 10.3 months compared to 3.1 months without the device. The study found that 78% of patients died within six months and 90% within a year without LVAD support.
Researchers reported that most volunteers developed strong, specific, and long-lasting immune responses to the MSP3 protein after vaccination. The vaccine also demonstrated functional antibody responses that could inhibit malaria parasite growth in laboratory assays.
A Phase III trial demonstrated a significant increase in average time to progression with sunitinib treatment compared to placebo, leading to improved overall survival. Treatment with sunitinib was well-tolerated, with common side effects including fatigue and diarrhoea.
The new Clinical Trials Directive has led to differences in the scope of revised legislations across EU member states, with only a few adding provisions for non-commercial trials. The directive also simplifies the conduct of academic clinical trials but poses challenges for future pan-European multi-centre studies.
A Dutch study found that higher doses of radiotherapy significantly improved patient outcome over a five-year period. An anti-androgen therapy trial suggested early treatment can benefit locally advanced disease, while immunotherapy trials are showing promising results for androgen-independent prostate cancer.
A review of 143 clinical trials that were stopped early due to benefits found many were industry-funded drug trials with high-impact journals. The proportion of such trials increased over time, often with implausibly large treatment effects, suggesting skepticism from physicians.
A novel probiotic strain, B. infantis 35625, shows promise in normalizing bowel movement frequency in IBS patients. Researchers found modest improvement in bloating symptoms, but emphasize the need for larger trials to verify findings.
A new study introduces a Clinical Trial Alert (CTA) system that leverages electronic medical record capabilities to increase patient referrals and enrollment rates. The system significantly improved physician referrals and patient enrollments, doubling the study's enrollment rate from physician referrals.