Articles tagged with Drug Therapy
A nationwide study found that early treatment with plasma from recovered COVID patients can reduce the risk of developing post-COVID conditions. The research also suggests that elevated cytokine levels, particularly interleukin-6, may contribute to long COVID symptoms.
The American College of Physicians has issued updated rapid, living practice points on treating COVID-19 patients in outpatient settings. The new guidance supports the use of molnupiravir or nirmatrelvir-ritonavir for symptomatic patients with confirmed mild to moderate COVID-19.
Researchers have identified novel therapeutic targets using single-cell and spatially resolved omics, including cannabidiol for colorectal tumors, Cux1 as a potential target for dry skin diseases, and microglia communication for Alzheimer's disease. These studies offer hope for future treatments.
Philip Low, a Purdue University researcher, is working on validating a previously successful malaria treatment by reducing the number of days required for therapy. His goal is to prevent drug-resistant strains from proliferating and save lives in developing countries.
A new Northwestern Medicine study reveals that a dysfunction in the neuron's synapses leads to deficits in dopamine and precedes neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. The findings suggest targeting dysfunctional synapses before neurons degenerate may represent a better therapeutic strategy.
A study published by UCI researchers found that N-acetylglucosamine reduced multiple inflammation and neurodegeneration markers in patients with Multiple Sclerosis. The dietary supplement also improved neurological function in 30% of patients, suggesting a potential new treatment for the condition.
Researchers discuss new drugs available for HER2-positive breast cancer patients with brain metastasis, showing improved outcomes and quality of life. The development of targeted therapies has led to better survival rates among these patients.
Preclinical data shows GP-2250's antineoplastic activity in pancreatic tumor cell lines, reducing ATP levels and inhibiting NF-kB. The compound targets aerobic glycolysis, a hallmark of cancer metabolism, providing a potential treatment for various cancers.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology suggests that chemotherapy injury to surrounding non-cancer cells can awaken dormant breast cancer cells, promoting cancer growth and recurrence. The researchers found that the release of specific cell signaling molecules, G-CSF and IL-6, by injured stromal cells drives this process.
A study published in Brain, Behavior, and Immunity found that inflammation-related genes play a significant role in depression. The researchers discovered correlations between immune-related genes, DNA methylation patterns, and brain structure abnormalities in patients with major depressive disorder.
Researchers found that patients' immune systems play a vital role in determining the duration of remission from multiple myeloma. Sustained minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity is associated with prolonged survival, with patients achieving MRD negativity for at least two years remaining free from multiple myeloma 10 years later.
A team of Chinese and UK researchers has identified superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) as a potential target for reversing drug resistance in ovarian cancer. By using nanoparticles to deliver siRNA that reduces SOD1 levels, the study showed reduced growth and decreased resistance to cisplatin in female mice.
A recent clinical trial led by Professor Holger Thiele found that ECLS does not reduce 30-day mortality after cardiogenic shock, but is associated with more complications. The study involved 420 patients and compared ECLS therapy with standard intensive care unit treatment.
The study validates a comprehensive genomic profiling assay, NeXT Dx, which detects single nucleotide variants, indels, copy number alterations, and gene fusions. The assay demonstrates high analytic sensitivities and specificity, providing personalized recommendations critical to clinical decision-making.
Researchers developed a liver-targeting drug that reversed obesity and lowered cholesterol in obese mice by delivering the drug via nanogel. The treatment, which was administered intraperitoneally, effectively normalized weight and reduced cholesterol levels despite continued high-fat diet consumption.
A new study presented at ESC Congress 2023 found that semaglutide improved heart failure-related symptoms, physical function, and exercise function in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and obesity. The treatment also resulted in greater weight loss compared to placebo.
Researchers Elzbieta Izbicka and Robert T. Streeper discuss the evolution of cancer drug development, highlighting recent progress and emerging challenges due to environmental factors. They also examine how artificial intelligence may impact future drug development.
A new clinical study found that adjuvant treatment with Mitotane is not necessary for patients with low risk of recurrence if they have a complete R0 resection, low tumour stage and Ki-67 levels below 10%. This approach has shown no significant improvement in relapse rate but is associated with side effects.
A study of 24,000 hospitalized COVID-19 patients found that pulse oximetry led to delayed treatment and higher readmission rates, with racial disparities observed among black patients. The study highlights the importance of accurate oxygen saturation monitoring in preventing these outcomes.
Researchers found that urine levels of adenine are predictive and causative biomarkers of looming progressive kidney failure in patients with diabetes. An oral therapeutic drug showed promise in mice by reducing kidney adenine levels and protecting against diabetic kidney disease.
A team of KAUST researchers has found a critical protein that regulates cell division and proliferation in breast cancer and leukemia. Their work clears the way for the development of targeted drugs by refuting recent challenges to their approach.
A new study published in BMJ Oncology has found that relatively short-term use of immunosuppressant medications to control inflammatory diseases is not associated with an increased risk of developing cancer. The research included over 10,000 participants and tracked their cancer incidence for an average of 10 years.
Moffitt researchers used mathematical modeling and dynamic biomarkers to identify characteristics of metastatic disease associated with better treatment outcomes. They found that larger metastases had longer treatment cycles, while those with faster cell turnover rates responded quickly to treatment.
A new study has discovered that metformin, a common diabetes medication, can significantly slow the progression of STAT3-positive prostate cancer. The research team identified the key factors regulating tumour cell growth and found that permanent activation of STAT3 prevents prostate cancer development and metastasis.
The study examines statutory regulation and government reimbursement of traditional and complementary medicine practitioners in the US. It finds a mixed picture of laws and policies governing these practices, with significant variations across states.
Researchers have made a significant discovery in gene therapy, showing that genetically engineered blood stem cells can be created while still in the bone marrow. This approach eliminates the need for chemotherapy and transplantation of corrected cells, cutting costs and improving access to critical treatments.
Researchers found that modulating type 1 Interferon (IFN-I) signaling reduces SARS-CoV-2 replication and inflammation in rhesus macaques, offering new treatment strategies for COVID-19. The study also showed a significant reduction in viral loads with IFNmod treatment.
A large study found that fully vaccinated individuals have lower concentrations of inflammatory markers than unvaccinated participants after symptomatic COVID-19 infection. This suggests that vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality by reducing elevated levels of cytokines and chemokines.
Researchers at the Institute for Systems Biology have identified a signaling system called MtrA that helps Mycobacterium tuberculosis grow in response to host signals. Disrupting this system compromises the pathogen's cell wall, making it unable to divide and ultimately compromising its survival.
Researchers investigated H3K27me3 expression patterns in pediatric brain tumors, finding a global loss of this epigenetic mark in diffused midline glioma (DMG). This loss was associated with high relapse rates and poor survival, highlighting the potential for targeting H3K27me3 as an epigenetically guided cancer therapy.
Researchers found that human senescent fibroblasts trigger progressive lung fibrosis in immunodeficient mice by inducing paracrine senescence and pro-fibrotic activities. The study also suggests that senolytic compounds like navitoclax can ameliorate lung fibrosis induced by senescent human fibroblasts.
Targeting tiny amounts of hydrogen sulfide to specific areas of cells in adult worms improved health and activity as they aged, according to a University of Exeter study. The research found that H2S improved the integrity of mitochondria, kept muscles active, and extended lifespan.
Researchers found that Alzheimer's patients exhibit heightened sensitivity to light changes, which can contribute to 'sundowning' and disease progression. Light therapy could help manage these symptoms and potentially slow disease progression.
Researchers developed new methods for detecting drug-induced hepatotoxicity using 3D cell cultures and mass spectrometry imaging, identifying biomarkers and effective interventions. A zeolite-based protein corona method was also used to characterize plasma proteins, enabling the identification of low-abundance proteins and their potent...
Researchers at UC Riverside discovered that female mice secrete more RELMalpha, an immune protein, which protects them against obesity and inflammation. In contrast, male mice have lower levels of RELMalpha, leading to increased inflammation and obesity.
A study published in Hepatology reveals that abnormal pre-mRNA splicing is associated with liver disease caused by excessive alcohol consumption. The researchers propose targeting specific splicing factors as a novel approach to mitigate the disease.
A new study reveals that the cellular chaperone protein GRP78 migrates to the nucleus under stress and alters gene activities, allowing cancer cells to become more mobile and invasive. This discovery offers potential new approaches for cancer treatment, including down-regulating GRP78 activity or preventing it from binding to ID2.
Researchers developed a tailored approach to weight loss and cardiometabolic risk factors, showing significant improvement in targeted areas like abnormal fullness and emotional eating. The study suggests the need for an actionable, phenotype-based classification of patients in obesity treatment, moving beyond reliance on scales or bod...
Researchers developed a strategy to predict chemotherapy response in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) using the Kinase Inhibitor Pulldown Assay (KIPA). The study identified a seven-purine-binding protein signature that predicted chemotherapy sensitivity and favorable clinical outcomes.
A recent study published in Neurology suggests that starting treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) soon after the first signs of the disease may lead to a lower risk of disability later. Researchers found that patients who received treatment within six months of symptom onset had a significantly lower risk of developing severe disabili...
Researchers propose targeting non-canonical HH/GLI signaling to improve response rate and durability of therapeutic effects exerted by SMO inhibition in melanoma. The findings suggest that combined targeting of hedgehog signaling and BRD4 could provide a novel therapeutic option against melanoma.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science successfully synthesized tanzawaic acid B in large amounts, paving the way for new antibiotic development. The breakthrough method could lead to creation of various compounds for pharmaceuticals, including new antibiotic candidates.
A team of researchers led by Laura-Isobel McCall and Zhibo Yang is using single-cell mass spectrometry to investigate the role of intracellular drug concentration in antimicrobial treatment failure.
Conventional psychotherapeutic approaches for women with late-stage gynaecological cancers take too long and require too much stamina. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy has shown promise in treating anxiety, depression, and end-of-life distress with rapid and sustained effects.
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered that antipsychotic drugs interact with a different neuron type than scientists originally believed, which could lead to better treatments for schizophrenia. The study's findings suggest that the effect of antipsychotics on dopamine receptors has little bearing on their efficacy in humans.
Researchers at Tokyo Metropolitan University have discovered that 5-aminolevulinic acid can selectively boost Complex II and IV to counteract Complex I deficiency, a common cause of mitochondrial disorders. This finding offers new hope for the development of treatments for debilitating conditions such as MELAS syndrome.
The Brigham team designed nanoparticles that deliver stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists to immune cells, training them to recognize and eliminate future tumors. This approach eradicates active tumors in mice with melanoma, colon cancer, and breast cancer, while preventing future tumor formation.
A new study found that cetuximab plus radiotherapy is an active treatment option for locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell skin cancer, with an objective response rate of 83.2%. The treatment was well-tolerated, with most patients experiencing mild acneiform skin rash or fatigue.
Mass General Cancer Center researchers have pinpointed the APOBEC3A protein as a primary driver of drug resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer. The study reveals that this protein causes mutations and accelerates tumor growth, making it a promising target for new therapies.
Researchers at Mass General Cancer Center treated 16 patients with a BRAF/MEK inhibitor, resulting in a 91% reduction in tumor size and complete response in all patients who received one or more cycles of therapy. The treatment showed unprecedented success in targeting brain tumors using precision medicine approaches.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have discovered that an experimental eye drop treatment can reduce swelling and improve blood flow in the retina of mice with retinal vein occlusion, a common eye disease affecting up to 2% of people over age 40. The study found that the eye drops prevented neurons from deteriora...
A randomized clinical trial found that treatment with these biologics showed no significant difference in time to recovery compared to placebo for patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia. The study's results suggest that alternative treatments may be needed for this patient population.
Researchers at Nagoya University have discovered three new biomarkers for high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma using membrane proteins and polyketone-coated nanowires. The study reveals that small extracellular vesicles containing these proteins can be used to detect ovarian cancer, potentially leading to personalized medicine.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine found no evidence that prescription stimulant treatment in childhood increases the risk of substance use disorder (SUD) later in life. The study, published in JAMA Psychiatry, suggests that stimulants are an effective treatment for ADHD with few side effects.
Fewer than half of new drugs approved for multiple indications in the US and Europe between 2011 and 2020 offered significant benefits over existing treatments. A study found that supplemental approvals were substantially less effective, suggesting a need to clearly communicate this information to patients and reflect it in drug prices.
Researchers discovered that Nerofe and Doxorubicin can downregulate KRAS signaling, leading to enhanced apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. The combination also activates the immune system against tumor cells, increasing immunostimulatory cytokines and recruiting NK cells and M1 macrophages.
The Multidisciplinary Molecular Tumour Board (MTB) has been shown to improve treatment response rates for patients with advanced solid cancer, with 64% of patients benefiting from the MTB-guided approach. The board provides a systematic precision oncology strategy for treatment selection, combining expertise in multiple disciplines.
Scientists create optically controllable liposomes called LiDLs, which can selectively release contents inside cells upon exposure to acidic pH induced by green light. The researchers demonstrated that LiDLs efficiently deliver substances without causing side effects, showcasing exceptional extracellular stability.
Researchers explore pyroptosis as a potential therapeutic approach for lung cancer treatment. The review highlights the dual role of pyroptosis in tumor progression and negative impact on normal cells. It suggests balancing the contradictory effects of pyroptosis to optimize clinical applications.
Researchers have developed a sustainable and scalable method to produce therapeutic oligonucleotides, which have the potential to treat various diseases. The new approach uses polymerases to amplify a catalytic DNA template in a single step, addressing challenges associated with current methods.