Articles tagged with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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A promising anti-inflammatory drug failed to improve symptoms of moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a large trial. The study suggests that other mediators may be necessary to cause COPD, and raises concerns about the safety of the drug.
A large cross-sectional survey found that frequent consumption of cured meats is associated with lower lung function test scores and increased odds of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study suggests that high dietary nitrite intake may be a novel risk factor for COPD.
Researchers found that regular high-dose inhaled corticosteroid use among COPD patients lowered the risk of developing lung cancer. The study, published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, found a significant reduction in relative risk for users of over 1,200 micrograms per day.
A large retrospective cohort study found that moderate to high levels of regular physical activity slow lung function decline among smokers and reduce the risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Regular exercise suppresses inflammatory markers in the lungs caused by smoking, reducing COPD pathogenesis.
Researchers identified a new mechanism for mouse lung protection against inhaled oxidants. Alveolar macrophages express MARCO and SR-AI/II, clearing lipids modified by oxidants that can trigger inflammation.
Researchers at the University of Alberta discovered that combining helium with 40% oxygen improves the exercise tolerance of COPD patients, allowing them to increase their exercise capacity by an average of 245%. This treatment could have significant clinical implications for people with severe respiratory problems.
The University of Pittsburgh has been awarded a five-year, $13 million NIH grant to study chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and develop novel treatment options. Researchers will investigate the molecular and cellular characteristics of COPD to better understand its progression and potential treatments.
A study published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine found that combining a long-acting bronchodilator with an inhaled corticosteroid reduced exacerbations by 35% in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The treatment was well-tolerated, but raised concerns about potential sys...
A study published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine found that young adults with chronic cough and phlegm are at a fourfold increased risk of developing COPD. The presence of these symptoms is an early marker of airflow obstruction.
The Long-term Oxygen Treatment Trial aims to determine whether supplemental oxygen improves patients' quality of life and lifespan. The six-year study will monitor 3,500 patients with moderate COPD to guide Medicare's policy decisions.
Researchers found that obstructive lung disease patients received only about half of the recommended medical care, with significant variations between asthma and COPD patients. The study estimates that improving care could save lives, such as by increasing oxygen treatment for COPD patients and steroid treatment for asthmatic patients.
Researchers found increased elastin synthesis in moderately diseased lung tissue of COPD patients, suggesting the lungs may be attempting to repair themselves.
Research suggests that asthma diagnosis may be overdiagnosed in obese patients, while inadequate workplace safety education is linked to an increased incidence of occupational asthma. Additionally, a study finds that diabetes increases the prevalence of asthma, and heart murmurs are more common in women.
A year-long study in the six-county Chicago metropolitan area identified a large proportion of subjects with significant impairment and encouraged smokers to quit. Fourteen percent of those tested had severe or very severe impairment, highlighting the need for public health intervention.
A combination of inhaled salmeterol and fluticasone propionate has been shown to reduce the risk of dying by up to 17.5% in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The treatment also improves quality of life and reduces exacerbations.
A study by Maria-Christina L. Machado and colleagues found that women with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who use long-term oxygen therapy have a 54% increased risk of death compared to men. The primary risk factor for developing COPD is smoking.
A large-scale study found that NYC firefighters' lung function declined by 12 years of age due to WTC dust exposure, with early arrival time-based periods showing more frequent respiratory symptoms. Researchers emphasize the importance of medical surveillance for high-risk jobs and call for better protective equipment.
COPD and asthma are major economic burdens on Swedish society, with annual costs totaling SEK 9.1 billion and SEK 3.7 billion respectively. These lung diseases significantly degrade quality of life, especially severe cases of COPD and asthma.
A recent meta-analysis found that COPD patients taking beta-agonist inhalers are at a higher risk of respiratory deaths compared to those using anticholinergics. The study suggests that anticholinergics should be the bronchodilator of choice in COPD treatment.
A study by Hospital Clínic de Barcelona and Leuven University Hospital found that coordinated primary and hospital care can significantly reduce readmissions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The integrated approach includes home care services, which resulted in a 50% lower rate of readmissions compared to...
A new analysis of 22 trials with 15,276 participants found that common bronchodilators like tiotropium and ipratropium reduced respiratory-related deaths by 73 percent. In contrast, regularly inhaled beta-agonists increased the risk of respiratory death more than twofold.
A randomized trial found abatacept to be effective in reducing disease activity and slowing joint damage in patients with active chronic rheumatoid arthritis. However, the treatment also led to a higher incidence of serious infections and infusion reactions compared to placebo. Meanwhile, hospital care for patients with COPD varies wid...
A study of 149 smokers found that those with extensive facial wrinkles were five times more likely to develop COPD, with triple the risk of severe emphysema. The researchers suggest that facial wrinkling may be a common susceptibility factor for smoking-related lung disease.
The article discusses potential legislative reforms to the US medical liability system, finding that economic damage caps can lead to lower premiums. It also examines the decline of vaginal births after cesarean deliveries in California, contradicting initial expectations, and highlights the importance of preserving women's options for...
A study of 85 women with COPD found they had lower lung function, more trouble breathing, and a worse quality of life compared to men. The researchers suggest that comprehensive assessments can lead to improved treatment outcomes for all COPD patients
A new study found that air pollution increases the risk of death by 32% for people with diabetes, 28% for those with COPD, and 27% for those with congestive heart failure. Lowering air pollution levels can lead to improved health outcomes and longer lifespans.
Patients with advanced COPD and rapid lung function decline are 10 times more likely to die than those with normal lung function. The study found that 25% of the population fell into the high-mortality category, with 40 times higher hospitalization rates for those in advanced stages.
Researchers found that patients with severe COPD walked significantly further while breathing Heliox 28 than with other gas mixtures. The study suggests that using lower-density helium gas can reduce airway resistance and improve respiratory gas exchange for these patients.
A randomized study of 140 COPD patients found that a combination therapy significantly reduced inflammatory cells and improved lung function. The treatment, salmeterol/fluticasone propionate, decreased inflammation by 36% and showed improvements in lung function similar to other anti-inflammatory treatments.
A Mexican study found that indoor air pollution from wood smoke increases the risk of COPD, a lung disease. Women in developing countries are disproportionately affected due to their early exposure to biomass smoke.
Despite updated guidelines and advances in treatment, a quarter of COPD patients hospitalized with an exacerbation will die within a year. Experts recommend prioritizing prevention of exacerbations and slowing down disease progression over symptomatic relief as the primary goal in COPD management.
A study found that diets rich in meat, refined starches, and sodium are associated with an increased risk of persistent coughs with phlegm. The 'meat-dim sum pattern' was positively linked to new onset symptoms, while the 'vegetable-fruit-soy pattern' showed a protective effect.
A study found that Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) affects around 1,000 people in Latin American cities. The disease prevalence varies greatly between cities, with rates ranging from 7.8% to 20%. Altitude is a key factor contributing to the high COPD rates in Latin America.
The study found that the size of a patient's lung mass correlates with brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer. School sports significantly decrease smoking rates among students. Researchers discovered a new method to diagnose and treat sleep apnea without overnight polysomnography, but noted a higher use of sedatives in non-obe...
The study found a significant decrease in age-standardized death rates from heart disease (52%), stroke (63%), and accidents (41%) since the 1970s. However, death rates from cancer, COPD, and diabetes increased over the same period, despite improvements in detection and treatment for chronic diseases.
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends routine genetic counseling for women with a family history of breast cancer or Ashkenazi Jewish descent. A new study found that tiotropium, an inhaled bronchodilator, reduces COPD flare-ups and hospitalizations compared to a placebo.
Researchers found a new way to distinguish virus-induced asthma from allergen-caused disease, highlighting increased IL-10 gene expression in viral infections. The study also showed benefits of inhaled corticosteroids for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.
Researchers found M. catarrhalis responsible for 10% of COPD exacerbations, with potential to develop vaccines to prevent infections in patients. The study involved 104 adults with COPD and identified 120 episodes of M. catarrhalis infections associated with flare-ups.
A study in the American Thoracic Society's journal found that ethambutol can cause ocular toxicity, particularly in patients with renal insufficiency. The researchers recommended monthly visual acuity and color discrimination testing for patients taking high doses of the drug or receiving it for extended periods.
A study of 2,819 respondents in western Norway found that exposure to pre- and post-natal tobacco smoke increases the risk of adult asthma. The researchers estimated that almost a quarter of cases of adult asthma could be prevented if children were not exposed to environmental tobacco smoke.
COPD researchers found a correlation between increased lung inflammation and reduced histone deacetylase activity, which may explain the disease's resistance to steroids. Low doses of theophylline, a tea leaf substance, could help restore HDAC activity and reverse resistance.
A new study identifies SERPINE2 as a novel candidate gene for COPD, particularly in individuals who smoke. The research reveals that SERPINE2 is expressed in lung tissues and cells, and its expression is altered in people with certain clinical characteristics of COPD.
A study of 226 elderly adults with advanced cancer, congestive heart failure, or COPD found that virtually all participants experienced moderate to severe symptoms, including limited activity, fatigue, and physical discomfort. The study highlights the importance of addressing these symptoms in this vulnerable population.
A low-density helium/oxygen mixture significantly reduces airflow limitations and lung dynamic hyperinflation in COPD patients, allowing for a substantial increase in exercise endurance time. The study found that the duration of exercise doubled from 4.2 minutes to 9 minutes for patients breathing heliox compared to regular air.
Resveratrol exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in all systems examined, including laboratory cell lines and human airway epithelial cells. The compound inhibited the release of inflammatory mediators, including IL-8 and GM-CSF, which play a major role in inflammation development.
A new study shows that a combination of fluticasone and salmeterol can achieve total control in asthma patients, improving symptoms and reducing corticosteroid doses. Testosterone therapy also increases lean body mass and leg muscle strength in COPD patients with low testosterone levels.
Recent APS exercise research highlights significant findings in various areas, including reduced flu mortality and improved cardiovascular function. Studies on protein expression and skeletal muscle regeneration have also shed light on the mechanisms behind these processes.
A recent study demonstrated that SPIRIVA significantly reduces COPD exacerbations, improving patient quality of life and reducing healthcare costs. The medication also prolongs the time to first exacerbation and significantly lowers health resource utilization.
A recent study found that over half of patients with COPD are incorrectly diagnosed with asthma, leading to delayed treatment. The study suggests that simple symptom-based diagnostic questions can improve diagnosis rates and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers found that combination antibiotic therapy significantly improved survival rates among critically ill patients with severe pneumonia, with a mortality rate of 23.4% compared to 55.3% for those on monotherapy. A new test combining symptom questions, body weight data, and oxygen concentration measures shows a 91% predictive ra...
Research at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine found that COPD patients with the most advanced disease are more likely to harbor Pneumocystis jiroveci in their lungs. This colonization is strongly associated with increased airway obstruction and worse lung function, even after adjusting for smoking history.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive lung damage and increased mortality worldwide. The five-article series aims to increase awareness of COPD through advances in understanding and management.
Researchers found that a high-fiber diet from fruits and soy foods reduces the incidence of chronic respiratory symptoms, particularly cough with phlegm production. Additionally, brief exposure to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis can lead to infection, as detected by rapid molecular testing in hospital contacts.
Early detection of COPD through a simple spirometry test can slow the loss of lung function, improve symptoms and quality of life, and prevent hospitalizations. Smoking cessation is the only known method to alter the loss of lung function seen in this disease.
A University of Toronto professor highlights the disproportionate impact of COPD on women, who experience greater lung damage and are more likely to develop emphysema. By 2010, women will suffer from COPD twice as often as men worldwide.
A six-year study found that early therapy for moderate to severe COPD exacerbations hastens recovery time, reduces hospitalization rates, and boosts health-related quality of life. British researchers' prospective study demonstrated the importance of timely treatment on COPD exacerbation outcomes.
A study of over 500 smokers found a significant association between sequence variations in the macrophage scavenger receptor gene and airways obstruction. The researchers hope this discovery will help understand why some smokers develop COPD and improve treatment options.
The new guidelines update the 1995 ATS COPD guidelines and provide the latest information on clinical treatment and diagnosis. The site also features practical patient information, including background on the disease, its symptoms, and medications.
A study found that furosemide inhalation alleviated severe breathlessness in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Additionally, researchers developed a new model for neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) using nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) therapy.
Researchers found that older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who continued to exercise regularly maintained improved cognitive, psychological, and physical function over a year, while those who stopped exercising experienced significant declines.