Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
Scientists at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute mapped the structures of small molecules and mutated protein receptors in non-small cell lung cancer cells. They found that two inhibitors bind more tightly to specific mutations, potentially leading to more effective treatments.
A multi-center study found that CT screening for current and former smokers did not reduce deaths from lung cancer, despite finding nearly three times as many lung cancers. The study also found an increased risk of invasive procedures and unnecessary treatments due to false positives.
A new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that female Chinese textile workers with high-level exposure to bacterial endotoxin have a 40% decreased risk of developing lung cancer. The researchers also noted that the protective effect was strongest for women exposed early in their career.
A study found that computed tomography (CT) screening increased the rate of lung cancer diagnosis and treatment, but did not reduce the risk of advanced lung cancer or death. CT screening resulted in a 10-fold increase in lung cancer surgeries, which may be insufficiently beneficial to justify the morbidities.
A scientific consensus on the link between smoking and lung cancer emerged in the mid-1950s, but tobacco industry efforts to sow doubt and delay regulation persisted. Proctor's research shows that consumer letters and phone logs reveal widespread ignorance about tobacco's health risks.
A new mouse model of non-small cell lung cancer validates MEK inhibitors as a potential treatment option. The model, developed by Dr. Martin McMahon and colleagues, shows that MEK inhibition can halt tumor progression in early-stage lung tumors.
Researchers found that never-smokers get lung cancer more often than thought, with women even more at risk. The study tracked over 1 million people and found significant differences in lung cancer incidence rates between males and females, shedding new light on the disease.
Research reveals that teenagers are more fearful of losing their sight than lung cancer or stroke, yet only a small percentage understand the link between smoking and blindness. The study found that just 5% of respondents correctly identified the risk, with even fewer among smokers.
A new study published in the American Journal of Public Health confirms the association between passive smoke in the workplace and an increased risk of lung cancer. Researchers found a 24% increase in lung cancer risk among people exposed to passive smoke, with highly exposed workers facing a 100% increased risk.
Researchers found that increased expression of HO-1 and administration of carbon monoxide protected mice from MS. In contrast, mice lacking HO-1 developed more severe disease. The study suggests modulating HO-1 expression or administering carbon monoxide may be useful therapeutic strategies for treating patients with MS.
Researchers have discovered a new antibody that effectively regresses lung tumors in mice with two types of lung cancer driven by mutant forms of the EGFR protein. The study highlights the potential therapeutic benefits of this antibody, ch806, for treating patients with specific lung cancer mutations.
Researchers developed a simple and non-invasive gene probe to diagnose early stage lung cancer in current and former smokers. The test identified 76% of stage I lung cancer patients whose tumors also showed the same genetic loss, outperforming existing sputum cytology tests.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center identified several genes whose expression is lost in lung, breast, prostate, and colon cancer. These findings could form the basis for a new early detection screen for certain cancers.
A new study found that supplements of Indole-3-carbinol provided significant protection against leukemia and lymphoma in young animals, as well as significantly protected against lung cancer later in life. The protective effects were found to come solely from maternal intake during pregnancy and nursing, and lasted into middle age.
A cost-utility analysis found that long-course palliative radiotherapy improved survival and quality of life in late-stage non-small-cell lung cancer patients. The study showed a $5,326 difference in lifetime societal costs between the two treatment regimens.
Researchers have discovered a new class of genetic mutations in the EGFR gene that occur in glioblastoma, a deadly type of brain tumor. These mutations, located in the extracellular domain of the protein, can activate oncogenically EGFR, making them a potential target for cancer therapy.
A University of Minnesota study reveals that heavy smokers who reduce their cigarette use compensate by taking more frequent puffs or inhaling deeper, leading to higher toxin exposure. The study suggests that quitting smoking is the most effective way to lower risk for tobacco-caused premature death.
Avastin, an anti-angiogenic therapeutic, improves lung cancer patient survival by 20% and reduces side effects compared to conventional chemotherapy. The drug targets tumor blood vessels, enabling chemotherapy drugs to diffuse into the tumor more effectively.
A study found that close to half of smokers who underwent early-stage lung cancer surgery resumed smoking within 12 months, with 60% resuming in the first two months. Patients' self-efficacy and perceived pleasure from smoking drove their relapse rates.
A recent analysis of tobacco industry defense strategies reveals a shift in arguments as companies publicly admitted to smoking causing cancer. The study found that the industry initially claimed a lack of scientific proof and shifted its focus to mitigating factors and plaintiff free will as public admissions increased.
A recent study published in Tobacco Control found that halving daily cigarette consumption has no significant health benefits. Among the participants who cut back on their smoking, women actually had higher death rates from all causes combined than heavy smokers.
A Mayo Clinic review found that gene expression profiling has limitations in predicting lung cancer prognosis, with conventional methods remaining more accurate. Despite promising results, the technology's accuracy varies greatly among studies, and its clinical relevance is unclear.
Exercise has been found to reduce colon cancer risk in men who engage in moderate to vigorous exercise for a year. Aspirin consumption may also negate the harmful effects of eating flame-broiled meat, particularly among breast cancer survivors. Childbearing may also be linked to an increased lung cancer risk.
A recent study found that vaccinating mice with embryonic stem cells prevented lung cancer in those exposed to cancer-causing chemicals or had transplanted cancer cells. The vaccines showed promise in preventing tumour growth and were up to 100% effective, with smaller tumours developing in vaccinated mice.
A study found that radiation after surgery and chemotherapy improves overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients with lymph node involvement. Patients who received radiation lived almost two years longer than those without radiation.
Researchers have discovered three new subtypes of non-small-cell lung cancer tumors based on genetic patterns, which correlate with clinical outcomes such as survival rates and metastatic patterns. This finding may lead to more personalized treatment approaches for patients.
Current and former smokers who used statins had lower lung function decline than those not using statins, regardless of smoking status. Statin use was found to decrease the decline in lung function by 10.3% in controls versus 1.3% in statin users.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have found that lung cancer cells exploit the NRF2 gene to detoxify chemicals, including chemotherapy agents, rendering them ineffective. This discovery may lead to new treatment strategies by blocking NRF2 activity, potentially improving standard chemotherapy drug efficacy.
A study found that obese smokers have a 3.5 to 5 times increased risk of death compared to those of normal weight who never smoke. The study also revealed that being a current smoker is a stronger risk factor for cancer death than obesity.
Researchers found that a defective version of the NPRL2 tumor suppressor gene makes lung cancer cells resistant to cisplatin, a common chemotherapy drug. Gene therapy targeting this gene may restore sensitivity to cisplatin, offering new hope for treating resistant lung cancer.
A UK case control study found that living near heavy industry sites for over 25 years increases the risk of developing lung cancer. Women living in areas with high rates of poverty and industrial activity were more likely to develop the disease.
The National Institutes of Health has launched the first phase of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project to study genomic changes in lung, brain, and ovarian cancers. The TCGA pilot project aims to identify key genomic alterations associated with cancer development and progression.
The Lung Metagene Predictor scans thousands of genes to identify patterns of gene activity in individual tumors, predicting a patient's likelihood of recurrence and recommending chemotherapy accordingly. The test has the potential to save thousands of lives each year by targeting high-risk patients with aggressive treatment.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky have developed a blood test to detect lung cancer in early stages, showing 90% accuracy in predicting non-small-cell lung cancer. The test identifies the body's immune response to tumors and could become the first blood test to predict cancer since the PSA test was introduced.
Researchers have found that nicotine stimulates cell proliferation and progression of tumors already initiated by tobacco carcinogens. The presence of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on bronchial cells and lung cancer cells is key to this process, suggesting a new mechanism in lung cancer development.
A study published in JAMA found that women who smoke are more susceptible to lung cancer than men, with a higher rate of diagnosis. However, women tend to survive longer after diagnosis than men, with better survival rates for all major histological types of lung cancer.
Researchers found a novel tumor suppressor, HLJ1, that slows down lung cancer cell proliferation and reduces cancer recurrence. Patients with high HLJ1 expression lived longer than those with low expression.
A new study reveals that post-operative radiation therapy improves overall survival in select lung cancer patients whose disease has spread to regional lymph nodes. This is the first significant increase in survival rate since previous studies used outdated equipment.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that screening for lung cancer can lead to overdiagnosis, resulting in unnecessary treatment and harm. The study suggests that mass screening may not be beneficial for public health due to the potential for overdiagnosis bias.
Researchers have discovered a new biomarker, ICAM, that can predict lung cancer treatment response and survival. Patients with low levels of ICAM had a higher response rate to treatment and significantly better overall survival rates.
Researchers found that a new 'disease control rate' measure was associated with survival, suggesting it could enhance efficacy assessment and improve clinical trials for advanced NSCLC. The study pooled data from 984 patients with advanced NSCLC who participated in three randomized trials of platinum-based chemotherapy regimens.
A phase-2 clinical trial found that Pfizer's oral drug, sunitinib malate, showed activity similar to other approved agents for non-small cell lung cancer, resulting in six confirmed partial responses and disease stabilization in 27 patients. The study also explored the effectiveness and safety of a continuous dosing strategy.
A new study by Dr. Ramalingam found that adding the drug vorinostat to standard chemotherapy improved outcomes for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, with partial responses in 11 patients and disease stabilization in 7 more. The recommended dose of 400mg daily for two weeks was well-tolerated.
Researchers at UC Davis Cancer Center report a significant extension of survival in advanced lung cancer patients treated with bortezomib plus standard care. The median overall survival was 11 months, with one-year survival at 46%, offering promising results for this patient population.
Researchers have found that pairing Tarceva with Celebrex significantly increases response rates in lung cancer patients, offering a potential breakthrough in treating the disease. The combination therapy has shown to increase response rates by about three-fold, with some patients experiencing responses for up to 93 weeks.
A recent study identified 64 genetic variants associated with lung cancer development, including changes in proteins expressed by the genes. These findings suggest that a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors contributes to lung cancer susceptibility, while tobacco smoke remains the leading risk factor.
A recent study by the American Thoracic Society found that marijuana smoking does not increase the risk of lung cancer or head and neck cancers. Heavy marijuana users, who smoked over 22,000 joints, did not have an increased risk of developing cancer.
Researchers engineered mice with mutated EGFR genes that can be turned on or off to study lung tumorigenesis and treatment responses. Mutations in EGFR drive lung tumors into regression by inhibiting the gene or turning it off.
A study of 940,000 adults found similar lung cancer death rates for men and women, but higher rates among African-American women. Never-smoking African-Americans may have a higher risk of lung cancer mortality compared to non-smoking whites.
A study found that 17% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer experienced a significant change in tumor size after just 31 days of chemotherapy. Tumors either grew or shrunk by 20-48% during this period, prompting changes to treatment plans.
A study by University College London found that middle-aged English people have lower rates of diseases such as diabetes, high-blood pressure, and lung cancer compared to their American peers. The differences were confirmed through analysis of biological markers, suggesting that the health disparities are not just due to reporting biases.
Researchers found that only 75% of studies met basic criteria for evaluation, highlighting the need for improved reporting in clinical trials. Meanwhile, a lung cancer risk model was found to underestimate actual rates over a 10-year period, while an enzyme-based approach shows promise in killing glioma cells.
Patients who never smoked showed improved response to chemotherapy and longer survival rates compared to former and current smokers. The finding may be attributed to non-smokers having less genetic damage and better preserved lung function.
A nationwide cohort of 3486 Swedish women who underwent cosmetic surgery for breast implants between 1965 and 1993 were followed until the end of 2002. The study found that women with implants had a reduced incidence of breast cancer and an increased incidence of lung cancer compared to the general population.
A new study by UC Davis Cancer Center researchers reveals that smoking is a significant contributor to cancer death rates among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. The study found that non-lung cancer death rates correlate closely with smoke exposures, suggesting that eliminating smoking could lead to very low cancer mortality rates.
Researchers developed a prototype model to gauge lung cancer risk based on medical history and genetics. The model predicts increased risk in heavy smokers with emphysema, as well as those with inefficient DNA repair capacity.
Researchers found that former smokers have higher CC10 levels than current smokers, which may help explain the lower risk of lung cancer among quitters. Additionally, first-degree relatives of never-smoking lung cancer patients are at increased risk of cancer and early diagnosis compared to healthy never-smokers.
A new study reveals that regular use of COX-2 inhibitors, such as celecoxib and rofecoxib, significantly reduces the risk of breast cancer. Women who used these drugs for at least two years experienced a 71% lower risk of breast cancer compared to non-users.
Researchers found a significant increase in cancer risk among first-degree relatives of lung cancer patients, particularly young onset cancers. The study's findings suggest that genetic factors play a crucial role in the development of lung cancer and other types of cancer.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center are studying the interaction between genes and environment in promoting cancer. Environmental scientists have identified new culprits in the cancer equation, including chemicals that can damage or mutate genes, and epigenetic alterations that occur without changing a gene's fundamental code.