Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
A study reveals that genetic differences in Japanese and US patients with non-small cell lung cancer affect how well they respond to chemotherapy drugs like paclitaxel and carboplatin. The research found that specific gene variations, such as CYP3A4 and ERCC2, influence treatment outcomes.
A Phase III study suggests ALIMTA-carboplatin may deliver less toxicity than GEMZAR-carboplatin, offering comparable quality-of-life benefits and survival data. The combination also appears to benefit from a lower toxicity profile.
A large Phase III study found that shark cartilage extract AE-941 has no benefit when combined with chemotherapy and radiation for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The study did not meet its primary endpoint: survival, and the researchers cast major skepticism on the efficacy of shark cartilage products.
A study of 519 patients found no benefit in overall survival from pre-operative chemotherapy for nonsmall cell lung cancer. Neo-adjuvant therapy did result in tumor down-staging and improved response rates, but its use should be targeted towards specific patient subgroups.
Two Lilly studies analyzed data from African-American and Hispanic patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting race may not significantly impact treatment efficacy. The studies provided insight into the safety profiles of ALIMTA and GEMZAR in diverse populations, paving the way for further research.
A large observational study found that taking vitamin supplements does not decrease the risk of lung cancer. The study involved 77,738 men and women aged 50-76 and found no statistically significant relationships between supplements and lung cancer.
A large cohort study found that using Swedish moist snuff (snus) increases the risk of developing pancreatic cancer by twice the rate of non-users. The study, conducted on almost 300,000 male construction workers, suggests that while the risks are small, snus use can still be a concern for overall health.
Researchers at University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center developed a lung cancer risk assessment tool using standard clinical and epidemiological data. The model assigns a score assessing a person's risk for the disease, with a prediction level of about 60 percent.
Researchers have confirmed that tamoxifen prevents breast cancer in high-risk women, while a combination of three HER inhibitors slows down tumor growth. Additionally, chemotherapy with rituximab improves overall survival rates for patients with indolent lymphoma, and new lung cancer risk prediction models offer modest accuracy.
The study found that lung cancer cells can become resistant to novel targeted agents by undergoing a miniscule molecular change in the EGFR protein. Researchers developed compounds to overcome resistance with innovative combinations of medications, which showed promise in preventing further resistance.
Researchers found that East Asians have lower levels of the EGFR protein, but those with lung cancer tend to have increased levels. This could explain why East Asians respond better to a certain type of chemotherapy.
Researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have successfully delivered a cancer-suppressing gene into tumors of stage 4 lung cancer patients via an intravenously administered lipid nanoparticle. The gene, FUS1, was found to be active in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer tumors.
Researchers are developing gene therapies that can target and kill cancer cells, while also exploring the use of viruses and other natural systems to design new cancer treatments. Studies have shown promising results in animal models, including a novel gene therapy approach that eradicates aggressive prostate cancer.
Patients undergoing minimally invasive lung cancer surgery experience shorter hospital stays and accelerated recovery times compared to traditional open surgery. This approach also improves chemotherapy delivery, reducing delays and increasing treatment efficacy.
Researchers found that regular high-dose inhaled corticosteroid use among COPD patients lowered the risk of developing lung cancer. The study, published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, found a significant reduction in relative risk for users of over 1,200 micrograms per day.
A lung cancer screening regimen has been found to identify patients with early-stage cancer, allowing for curative treatment. The study suggests that annual repeat screenings can detect lung cancer at its earliest stage, resulting in a high proportion of patients having no evidence of metastases.
A new study shows radiofrequency ablation effective for early-stage, inoperable lung cancer, achieving survival rates equal to or better than traditional external beam radiation. The treatment resulted in a 57% five-year survival rate and controlled tumor progression.
A recent study by Ohio State University researchers has identified a link between the absence of the Olig1 protein in lung tumors and poor survival rates among patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The findings suggest that patients with low levels of the protein may benefit from more aggressive therapy after surgery, potentially i...
According to a randomized controlled trial, radiation therapy is the preferred treatment option for patients with locally advanced stage IIIA-N2 non-small-cell lung cancer who have responded to chemotherapy. This finding suggests that surgery may not improve survival rates compared to radiation after chemotherapy treatment.
A blood pressure drug has shown potential as a new treatment for lung cancer, shrinking tumor volume by 30% in mice. The hormone angiotensin-(1-7) was found to reduce cyclooxygenase-2, an enzyme that regulates cell growth, and may provide a novel approach to treating the deadly disease.
Researchers studied two lung cancer-derived EGFR mutants and found distinct differences in inhibitor binding, leading to overactivation of the enzyme. The study suggests that specific mutants have unique targets for inhibition, potentially reducing toxicity and increasing effectiveness.
Scientists at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute mapped the structures of small molecules and mutated protein receptors in non-small cell lung cancer cells. They found that two inhibitors bind more tightly to specific mutations, potentially leading to more effective treatments.
A study found that computed tomography (CT) screening increased the rate of lung cancer diagnosis and treatment, but did not reduce the risk of advanced lung cancer or death. CT screening resulted in a 10-fold increase in lung cancer surgeries, which may be insufficiently beneficial to justify the morbidities.
A multi-center study found that CT screening for current and former smokers did not reduce deaths from lung cancer, despite finding nearly three times as many lung cancers. The study also found an increased risk of invasive procedures and unnecessary treatments due to false positives.
A new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that female Chinese textile workers with high-level exposure to bacterial endotoxin have a 40% decreased risk of developing lung cancer. The researchers also noted that the protective effect was strongest for women exposed early in their career.
A scientific consensus on the link between smoking and lung cancer emerged in the mid-1950s, but tobacco industry efforts to sow doubt and delay regulation persisted. Proctor's research shows that consumer letters and phone logs reveal widespread ignorance about tobacco's health risks.
A new mouse model of non-small cell lung cancer validates MEK inhibitors as a potential treatment option. The model, developed by Dr. Martin McMahon and colleagues, shows that MEK inhibition can halt tumor progression in early-stage lung tumors.
Researchers found that never-smokers get lung cancer more often than thought, with women even more at risk. The study tracked over 1 million people and found significant differences in lung cancer incidence rates between males and females, shedding new light on the disease.
Research reveals that teenagers are more fearful of losing their sight than lung cancer or stroke, yet only a small percentage understand the link between smoking and blindness. The study found that just 5% of respondents correctly identified the risk, with even fewer among smokers.
A new study published in the American Journal of Public Health confirms the association between passive smoke in the workplace and an increased risk of lung cancer. Researchers found a 24% increase in lung cancer risk among people exposed to passive smoke, with highly exposed workers facing a 100% increased risk.
Researchers have discovered a new antibody that effectively regresses lung tumors in mice with two types of lung cancer driven by mutant forms of the EGFR protein. The study highlights the potential therapeutic benefits of this antibody, ch806, for treating patients with specific lung cancer mutations.
Researchers found that increased expression of HO-1 and administration of carbon monoxide protected mice from MS. In contrast, mice lacking HO-1 developed more severe disease. The study suggests modulating HO-1 expression or administering carbon monoxide may be useful therapeutic strategies for treating patients with MS.
Researchers developed a simple and non-invasive gene probe to diagnose early stage lung cancer in current and former smokers. The test identified 76% of stage I lung cancer patients whose tumors also showed the same genetic loss, outperforming existing sputum cytology tests.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center identified several genes whose expression is lost in lung, breast, prostate, and colon cancer. These findings could form the basis for a new early detection screen for certain cancers.
A new study found that supplements of Indole-3-carbinol provided significant protection against leukemia and lymphoma in young animals, as well as significantly protected against lung cancer later in life. The protective effects were found to come solely from maternal intake during pregnancy and nursing, and lasted into middle age.
A cost-utility analysis found that long-course palliative radiotherapy improved survival and quality of life in late-stage non-small-cell lung cancer patients. The study showed a $5,326 difference in lifetime societal costs between the two treatment regimens.
Researchers have discovered a new class of genetic mutations in the EGFR gene that occur in glioblastoma, a deadly type of brain tumor. These mutations, located in the extracellular domain of the protein, can activate oncogenically EGFR, making them a potential target for cancer therapy.
Avastin, an anti-angiogenic therapeutic, improves lung cancer patient survival by 20% and reduces side effects compared to conventional chemotherapy. The drug targets tumor blood vessels, enabling chemotherapy drugs to diffuse into the tumor more effectively.
A University of Minnesota study reveals that heavy smokers who reduce their cigarette use compensate by taking more frequent puffs or inhaling deeper, leading to higher toxin exposure. The study suggests that quitting smoking is the most effective way to lower risk for tobacco-caused premature death.
A study found that close to half of smokers who underwent early-stage lung cancer surgery resumed smoking within 12 months, with 60% resuming in the first two months. Patients' self-efficacy and perceived pleasure from smoking drove their relapse rates.
A recent study published in Tobacco Control found that halving daily cigarette consumption has no significant health benefits. Among the participants who cut back on their smoking, women actually had higher death rates from all causes combined than heavy smokers.
A recent analysis of tobacco industry defense strategies reveals a shift in arguments as companies publicly admitted to smoking causing cancer. The study found that the industry initially claimed a lack of scientific proof and shifted its focus to mitigating factors and plaintiff free will as public admissions increased.
A Mayo Clinic review found that gene expression profiling has limitations in predicting lung cancer prognosis, with conventional methods remaining more accurate. Despite promising results, the technology's accuracy varies greatly among studies, and its clinical relevance is unclear.
Exercise has been found to reduce colon cancer risk in men who engage in moderate to vigorous exercise for a year. Aspirin consumption may also negate the harmful effects of eating flame-broiled meat, particularly among breast cancer survivors. Childbearing may also be linked to an increased lung cancer risk.
A recent study found that vaccinating mice with embryonic stem cells prevented lung cancer in those exposed to cancer-causing chemicals or had transplanted cancer cells. The vaccines showed promise in preventing tumour growth and were up to 100% effective, with smaller tumours developing in vaccinated mice.
A study found that radiation after surgery and chemotherapy improves overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients with lymph node involvement. Patients who received radiation lived almost two years longer than those without radiation.
Researchers have discovered three new subtypes of non-small-cell lung cancer tumors based on genetic patterns, which correlate with clinical outcomes such as survival rates and metastatic patterns. This finding may lead to more personalized treatment approaches for patients.
Current and former smokers who used statins had lower lung function decline than those not using statins, regardless of smoking status. Statin use was found to decrease the decline in lung function by 10.3% in controls versus 1.3% in statin users.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have found that lung cancer cells exploit the NRF2 gene to detoxify chemicals, including chemotherapy agents, rendering them ineffective. This discovery may lead to new treatment strategies by blocking NRF2 activity, potentially improving standard chemotherapy drug efficacy.
A study found that obese smokers have a 3.5 to 5 times increased risk of death compared to those of normal weight who never smoke. The study also revealed that being a current smoker is a stronger risk factor for cancer death than obesity.
Researchers found that a defective version of the NPRL2 tumor suppressor gene makes lung cancer cells resistant to cisplatin, a common chemotherapy drug. Gene therapy targeting this gene may restore sensitivity to cisplatin, offering new hope for treating resistant lung cancer.
A UK case control study found that living near heavy industry sites for over 25 years increases the risk of developing lung cancer. Women living in areas with high rates of poverty and industrial activity were more likely to develop the disease.
The National Institutes of Health has launched the first phase of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project to study genomic changes in lung, brain, and ovarian cancers. The TCGA pilot project aims to identify key genomic alterations associated with cancer development and progression.
The Lung Metagene Predictor scans thousands of genes to identify patterns of gene activity in individual tumors, predicting a patient's likelihood of recurrence and recommending chemotherapy accordingly. The test has the potential to save thousands of lives each year by targeting high-risk patients with aggressive treatment.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky have developed a blood test to detect lung cancer in early stages, showing 90% accuracy in predicting non-small-cell lung cancer. The test identifies the body's immune response to tumors and could become the first blood test to predict cancer since the PSA test was introduced.
Researchers have found that nicotine stimulates cell proliferation and progression of tumors already initiated by tobacco carcinogens. The presence of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on bronchial cells and lung cancer cells is key to this process, suggesting a new mechanism in lung cancer development.
A study published in JAMA found that women who smoke are more susceptible to lung cancer than men, with a higher rate of diagnosis. However, women tend to survive longer after diagnosis than men, with better survival rates for all major histological types of lung cancer.
Researchers found a novel tumor suppressor, HLJ1, that slows down lung cancer cell proliferation and reduces cancer recurrence. Patients with high HLJ1 expression lived longer than those with low expression.
A new study reveals that post-operative radiation therapy improves overall survival in select lung cancer patients whose disease has spread to regional lymph nodes. This is the first significant increase in survival rate since previous studies used outdated equipment.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that screening for lung cancer can lead to overdiagnosis, resulting in unnecessary treatment and harm. The study suggests that mass screening may not be beneficial for public health due to the potential for overdiagnosis bias.