Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
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Researchers at Yale University have discovered that the microRNA let-7 regulates the Ras cancer gene by binding to its mRNA and inhibiting translation. This finding has significant implications for understanding cancer progression and developing new treatments, including gene therapy with let-7.
A recent multi-center study found a direct link between residential radon exposure and increased lung cancer risk, with risks estimated to be 11-21% higher than average levels. The study, pooling data from seven North American studies, supports earlier findings and provides unambiguous evidence of the association.
Mutations in the EGFR gene are more common in people with lung cancer who never smoked, and these mutations may predict a dramatic response to certain drugs. The study's findings suggest two distinct molecular pathways involved in lung cancer formation, one affecting smokers and the other non-smokers.
A recent study found that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations are more common in never smokers, females, and patients of East Asian ancestry. The mutations were also associated with increased sensitivity to gefitinib and erlotinib, tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Researchers at UT Southwestern will investigate the consequences of space radiation exposure on human health, with a focus on lung cancer and its prevention. The $9.8 million grant will enable the development of new cell systems and animal models to study high-energy particles in space.
A recent study reveals that cancer cells can develop resistance to gefitinib by mutating the EGFR gene, altering the drug's binding pocket and rendering it ineffective. This finding could lead to the development of new targeted therapies to treat non-small cell lung cancer.
Researchers found that tumors developing secondary resistance to Tarceva and Iressa had an additional EGFR mutation, rendering the drugs ineffective. The discovery highlights the need for alternative targeted therapies for patients with KRAS mutations.
Scientists found that tumors from six patients with non-small cell lung cancer who initially responded to gefitinib or erlotinib but relapsed carried activating mutations in the EGFR gene. The resistant tumor cells also carried a second mutation in the EGFR gene, which causes resistance to these drugs.
The report reveals that nearly 2.9 million new cases of cancer were diagnosed in Europe in 2004, with lung cancer being the most common form. Breast cancer is also on the rise, while stomach cancer rates are falling. The study emphasizes the need for a joint European effort to combat these diseases.
New studies suggest that blocking estrogen may be essential to slowing the spread of lung cancer. Researchers found that a combination therapy targeting both estrogen and epidermal growth factor receptors resulted in a 59% tumor volume decrease.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that patients with KRAS mutations do not respond to targeted therapy drugs erlotinib and gefitinib. Analyzing tumors for EGF receptor and KRAS mutations may be crucial to predicting treatment effectiveness.
A study examining genetic factors in lung cancer found increased risks for first-, second-, and third-degree relatives of patients with lung cancer. The risk was stronger for early-onset disease, suggesting a possible genetic component beyond environmental factors.
A study of 10,591 Taiwanese residents found that those exposed to high levels of arsenic in their drinking water had a 3.29 times increased risk of developing lung cancer. Cigarette smoking further exacerbated this risk, particularly among non-smokers and those with lower arsenic exposure.
Researchers studied 155 image-guided RFA lung procedures on 126 medically inoperable patients with 163 lesions, finding low complication rates and improved morbidity. The outpatient procedure effectively controls small tumors, allowing patients to avoid surgery and improve their quality of life.
A long-term study found that women had a higher risk of death from cardiovascular disease and lung cancer after stopping beta-carotene supplements, while the excess risk in men disappeared. The results suggest careful monitoring is needed to document long-term safety and efficacy.
A new study of pesticide applicators found an increased incidence of lung cancer associated with chlorpyrifos exposure. Meanwhile, research on celecoxib-induced apoptosis in human lung cancer cells and the molecular mechanism of DNA repair proteins' relation to malignant melanoma are also reported.
A new study found that smokers who start screening at age 50 or older have a risk for developing lung cancer similar to those who smoked heavily for many years. Annual CT screening can identify high percentages of Stage I diagnoses, the most curable form of lung cancer.
A recent pilot study found that only a minority of subjects received a diagnostic work-up according to published algorithms, and that larger nodule sizes were associated with lower use of biopsy for follow-up. Only 7% of subjects diagnosed with lung cancer within a year of the first positive screen.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified a new protein, Pirh2, that diminishes the activity of p53, a powerful tumor suppressor. Overexpression of Pirh2 was found in 84% of human lung cancers and 93% of mouse tumors, suggesting its potential role in cancer development.
The Weizmann Institute will receive a $8 million grant from FAMRI to focus on lung cancer research related to second-hand and mainstream tobacco smoke. Researchers from the institute and Sheba Medical Center will collaborate to advance treatment protocols.
Researchers are exploring the potential of tomato oil to reverse or delay progression of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), a precursor to prostate cancer. The study, led by Dr. Peter Gann, aims to clarify lycopene's mechanisms in the prostate and determine its chemopreventive potential.
The study found that silencing of the PTPRO gene causes a drop in the level of the enzyme, leading to increased cell proliferation and cancer development. Over-producing the PTPRO enzyme slowed the growth of cancer cells and induced programmed cell death.
A new study found that high birth weight is associated with an increased risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) but not acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Researchers used data from health registers in four Nordic countries to conduct a case-control study involving over 2,000 children with ALL or AML and their siblings. They a...
Researchers found that a combination of two novel agents - SCH66336 and IGFBP-3 - significantly reduced lung tumor size in mice implanted with human lung tumors. The treatment blocked multiple pathways important to cancer cell survival, showing tremendous potential for treating lung cancer patients.
A new study found a link between men's height and their risk level for advanced prostate cancer, with tall men experiencing a 20% increased risk. Additionally, researchers discovered that fruit and vegetable consumption, particularly vitamin C and lycopene, may reduce the risk of stomach cancer by up to 45%.
A recent study found that individuals with mental illness are at a higher risk of developing brain and lung cancers. The research, supported by the American Cancer Society and National Institute of Mental Health, suggests that people with mental health problems smoke more than the general population.
Researchers found RFA improves quality of life for inoperable lung cancer patients, with complete ablations resulting in tumor size reduction and minimal enhancement on follow-up CT. Pattern enhancement and changes in tumor size are key indicators of successful RFA on CT.
A study found genetic mutations in 16.3% of individuals with no lung cancer, associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from smoky coal emissions. Women in Xuan Wei have an abnormally high lung cancer death rate despite low tobacco smoking rates.
A recent study found that cancer survivors are less likely to receive recommended medical care for their chronic diseases, including diabetes, heart disease, and strokes. The authors conclude that cancer patients' other medical issues may be ignored due to a focus on the prior malignancy.
Physicians often recommend more frequent surveillance colonoscopies than recommended guidelines, citing clinical evidence and personal factors as influential. This may lead to unnecessary procedures, affecting quality of care and resource utilization.
The Hyperspectral Imaging Endoscope (HSIE) system uses spectral images to detect cancerous cells without removing tissue, offering a non-contact method of gaining information about an area. The system achieved good correlations with pathologists' diagnoses and could guide biopsy or establish true diagnostic value in future stages.
Researchers found that black patients are more likely to receive care from physicians who report inadequate access to high-quality diagnostic imaging, sub-specialists, and other essential resources. This disparity in care may be driven by differences in the physicians' access to local services and specialists.
A new study found that Akt pathway activation is associated with better response rates and reduced disease progression in lung cancer patients treated with gefitinib. The researchers identified P-Akt positivity as a key marker for predicting patient response, but not P-MAPK positivity.
Researchers found that angiotensin-(1-7) significantly slows the growth of three human lung cancer cells in laboratory tests. The hormone is thought to regulate cell growth by reducing rapid proliferation and increasing cancer cell death, offering a potential new treatment approach for lung cancer.
A study by the Genetic Epidemiology of Lung Cancer Consortium (GELCC) found strong evidence for a lung cancer susceptibility gene co-inherited with a genetic marker on chromosome 6. The researchers identified a region of interest on chromosome 6q23-25, which contains multiple genes that may contribute to lung cancer risk.
A Phase I/II trial combining bevacizumab (Avastin) and erlotinib (Tarceva) achieved 85% tumor control and 12.5-month median survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients, outperforming traditional therapies.
A recent study found that lung cancer patients in Japan had a longer median survival time (12 months) compared to US patients (9 months), despite receiving a lower dose of the same chemotherapy regimen. However, Japanese patients experienced more side effects, such as neutropenia and neuropathy.
A novel therapeutic bortezomib combination will be tested in a phase II trial for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The regimen, combining bortezomib with gemcitabine and carboplatin, shows promise in preclinical research, where giving bortezomib last may enhance its effectiveness.
The study found that Tarceva significantly improved overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with advanced NSCLC, with a median survival of 6.7 months compared to 4.7 months in the placebo arm. The treatment also showed improvements in time to symptom deterioration, response rate, and patient survival at one year.
Researchers found that African Americans with NSCLC were less likely to receive staging procedures, which led to fewer surgical interventions. Despite equivalent survival rates among those who underwent surgery, African Americans were more likely to decline surgery when recommended.
Women's lungs are more damaged by cigarette smoke, leading to a different treatment response and outcomes. Research funding is needed to understand the causes of this disparity in lung cancer incidence among women.
Researchers analyzed data from over 60,000 women and 25,000 men to determine if there is a difference in lung cancer risk between sexes. The study found no evidence of a higher risk in women, although some subtypes may be more prevalent.
A study of 138,307 men found exclusive pipe smoking increased risk for six cancers and three diseases, with highest risk in larynx, lung, and oropharynx. Pipe smoking was associated with smaller but similar risks to cigar smoking, while larger than cigarette smoking.
Researchers found that genetic variations in XPD and XRCC1 genes are associated with decreased median survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Patients with more variations in these genes had shorter survival times, with those having no variations surviving the longest.
A recent analysis of lung cancer screening studies found that CT scans do not save lives and may even be counterproductive. The study's authors estimated that between 4.1 and 5.5 patients per thousand would die of lung cancer after screening, similar to the mortality rate without screening.
The Tobacco industry's document depository in Guildford, UK, is being criticized for its limited access and transparency. The company has failed to provide electronic access to requested documents, despite claiming to have 'big time imaging' capabilities.
Researchers found that collecting comorbidity information from cancer registrars improves prognostic accuracy for various cancer types. Comorbidity data complements tumor stage in predicting patient outcomes.
A study by the American College of Radiology found that thoracic PET scans are suitable for diagnosing some lung cancer patients with localized disease. This approach reduces radiation exposure and saves time compared to whole-body PET examinations, which cover a broader area of the body.
The study found that combination PET/CT correctly identified 94% of malignant lesions, but only 36% of benign nodules. It also showed that the technique accurately determined the stage of cancer in 61 patients, but may overstage or understage tumors.
Researchers found that patients with certain EGFR gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) respond well to treatment with Iressa, a kinase blocker. The study identifies the potential for screening patients for these mutations to predict treatment response and benefits ethnic populations differently.
Researchers at MGH Cancer Center found that specific gene mutations in the EGFR gene predict responsiveness to Iressa, a targeted therapy that causes tumors to shrink significantly. The discovery will help determine which patients benefit from Iressa and potentially lead to new targeted therapies.
Researchers found a high correlation between EGFR mutations and sensitivity to gefitinib therapy in lung cancer patients, particularly in women and non-smokers. The study also revealed significant differences in response rates between Japanese and American patients, suggesting genetic variation plays a crucial role in drug effectiveness.
A $3.6M study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of linking CT lung cancer screening to smoking-cessation programs. Dr. Claudia Henschke's research will use advanced image analysis software to investigate this connection.
A study found that tobacco smoke exposure is responsible for more than half the non-lung cancer death rate in African-American males, and up to two-thirds of their overall cancer death rate. The excess cancer burden can be clearly linked to smoking, with significant declines in mortality rates observed when smoking declined.
Researchers found that combining CT and PET scans significantly enhances radiologists' abilities to precisely define tumor locations for radiation treatments. This improves the efficacy of treatment and limits side effects in non-small-cell lung cancer patients. PET-CT scanning units are now available at hundreds of hospitals nationwide.
A study examines the reasons behind the US epidemic of lung cancer in women, citing data on rising smoking rates and disproportionate impact on adenocarcinoma cases. The authors emphasize the need for more comprehensive research on lung cancer prevention and early diagnosis, particularly among women.
Women are more likely to develop lung cancer, with longer survival rates compared to men. Estrogen signaling and hormonal factors may play a role in these differences.
A recent study has found a dramatic increase in lung cancer incidence in women, with many cases occurring in non-smokers who stopped smoking years ago. The study also reveals that women's response to targeted therapies is more favorable than men, raising questions about the differences between male and female lung cancer.
Women are more susceptible to lung cancer due to genetic mutations and hormonal changes, resulting in increased adenocarcinoma prevalence. Effective tobacco control measures are crucial to prevent a similar surge in lung cancer rates among women in developing countries.
Researchers found 53 smoking-induced genetic alterations in mice exposed to tobacco smoke, with CYP1B1 enzyme overexpression linked to estradiol activation. This finding may help understand why female smokers are more susceptible to lung cancer than male smokers.