Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
A study published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine found that 18F-FLT PET scans are more accurate than 18F-FDG PET scans in differentiating between cancerous and non-cancerous lung tumors. However, the researchers noted that 18F-FDG is still a reliable tool for staging tumors.
Measuring DNA repair enzyme OGG activity found a significant association with lung cancer risk. Smokers and nonsmokers with low OGG activity had higher lung cancer risk compared to those with normal activity levels, with smokers being at greater risk due to smoking alone.
A new blood test can detect smokers with low levels of DNA repair enzyme OGG1, which increases their risk of lung cancer by 5-10 times. The test may help inform smoking cessation decisions for high-risk individuals.
Researchers found that a combination of low-dose spiral CT and selective use of PET can effectively detect early-stage lung cancer in high-risk individuals. The study showed that lesions up to 5mm can be safely followed up after 12 months without major risks of progression.
A new study has found that a weekly regimen of paclitaxel and carboplatin is well-tolerated and effective in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment resulted in a response rate of 32% and median survival time of 49 weeks, with fewer side effects compared to standard regimens.
The EU's Europe Against Cancer Programme has shown promising results in reducing cancer deaths across most European countries. However, tobacco use still poses a significant threat to public health, with many countries experiencing declining trends in cancer death rates while others struggle with rising rates.
A study found a strong correlation between genetic polymorphisms in two genes and lung cancer risk in smokers. Mutations in both XPD and cyclin D1 (CCND1) occurred more often in lung cancer patients, increasing the risk of lung cancer among individuals with a smoking history.
Researchers found that the p53 gene plays a crucial role in distinguishing which lung cancer patients are most likely to survive four years or more. The study identified a sub-group of early-stage lung cancer patients without p53 mutations who had a significantly higher survival rate, providing hope for a new treatment approach.
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends against use of beta-carotene supplements for cancer or cardiovascular disease prevention due to lack of benefit and potential harm. Lawsuits involving human subjects research are increasing, leading to more careful research and increased costs, according to experts.
A study found that PET-CT scans were more accurate than PET scans alone in staging non-small cell lung cancer patients. The combined imaging technique correctly identified lung cancer with chest wall and vascular spread, downgrading tumor severity in 13.3% of cases.
A new study suggests that the area where carcinogens settle may play a key role in developing lung cancer. The research found that cells located at carinal ridges can receive massive doses of toxic particulate matter, potentially leading to impaired mucociliary clearance and increased risk of neoplastic lesions.
The study found that BAC proliferation correlated with HER2 but not EGFR expression, suggesting a potential role for combination therapies. Researchers hope to launch a clinical trial of HER2- and EGFR-blocker combination therapy in the treatment of BAC.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center developed a molecular test that identified a panel of genes correlating with tumor response to gefitinib, a drug approved for shrinking tumors in advanced lung cancer. The study found distinct patterns of gene expression linked to patient responses or lack thereof.
Researchers found that gefitinib can slow lung cancer tumor recurrence when used as maintenance therapy following chemotherapy. The study suggests that gefitinib may keep cancer cells dormant for a period of time.
A combination of bevacizumab and erlotinib has shown a 21 percent response rate in patients with recurrent stage IIIb or IV lung cancer, with five patients experiencing partial responses and tumor stabilization for over a year. The treatment was well-tolerated with mild to moderate toxicity.
A new radiotherapy strategy, hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (HART), has been shown to improve survival rates for lung cancer patients. In a phase III multi-site study, chemotherapy followed by HART resulted in a median survival of 21 months, compared to 12 months with standard radiation therapy.
In a Phase II clinical trial, C225 and docetaxel combination achieved a 25.5% tumor shrinkage rate in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients, significantly higher than the median response rate of 5-10%. The results are encouraging and suggest further development of this treatment approach.
A study by Chandra P. Belani and colleagues found that elderly patients with advanced NSCLC can tolerate combination therapy safely and effectively, with median survival rates comparable to those of younger patients. The treatment regimens used in the study were weekly paclitaxel in combination with full doses of carboplatin.
A new randomized study found that beta-carotene supplementation increased cancer risk in smokers and drinkers, while decreasing risk in non-smokers and non-drinkers. The study's findings highlight the complexity of designing safe and effective chemopreventive strategies for any cancer.
Researchers treated 18 patients with lung nodules using radiofrequency ablation, achieving a 97% destruction rate. The treatment was found to be short-lasting and manageable, with most complications resolved within a week.
The Stanford study found that FDG-PET is highly effective for lung nodule diagnosis but most cost-effective when used selectively with CT scans. The researchers recommend relying on CT as the initial test for almost all patients and using FDG-PET in cases where the risk of cancer conflicts with CT results.
A study found a nearly two-fold increased risk of lung cancer among relatives of smokers, but no evidence of an increased risk among relatives of non-smokers. The researcher hopes to identify high-risk subgroups and develop tailored interventions or screening programs.
A Duke team has identified two proteins, MIF and CyP-A, that are elevated in lung cancer cells but not in normal cells. These proteins may be potential targets for new therapies and a simple blood test to diagnose lung cancer without biopsies.
The discovery of KCNK9 reveals a significant role in the development of breast and lung cancers. The study found that overexpression of KCNK9 promotes tumor formation in controlled functional tests.
Research on STI571 and paclitaxel shows potential in controlling prostate cancer metastasis to bone. Lung cancer risk varies widely among smokers, with accurate prediction models helping individuals decide on screening. Non-BRCA mutations may be linked to high breast cancer risk in younger women.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center developed a mathematical model predicting lung cancer risk based on age, sex, and smoking history. The tool helps balance the risks and benefits of screening for high-risk individuals.
The Prostate Cancer Series assesses the epidemiology of prostate cancer, highlighting the impact of genetic and environmental risk factors. Despite progress in understanding diet-related risks, familial clustering, and ethnic variation remain poorly understood, presenting opportunities for further research.
A Phase III randomized trial found that a combination of vinorelbine and gemcitabine did not improve overall and progression-free survival in elderly NSCLC patients. However, the study suggests that certain chemotherapy combinations, particularly cisplatin-based regimens, may be more effective than single-agent therapy. The results als...
According to a study by Fred Pampel, measures of gender equality do not explain the gap between men's and women's lung-cancer death rates. The gap is best explained historically, with women's smoking following men's on the upswing after a typical lag of around three decades.
A new vaccine technique has shown promise in boosting the natural immune response to tumors in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The vaccine was found to be non-toxic and well-tolerated, with some patients remaining disease-free for over three years after vaccination.
Researchers found that a vitamin A derivative, 9-cis retinoic acid, increased RAR-_ gene expression and reduced precancerous lesions in former smokers. While promising, the treatment also showed side effects, and further studies are needed to determine its effectiveness.
A recent study found that annual whole-body CT scanning for lung cancer screening may not be effective in saving lives, as the costs outweigh the benefits. The researchers estimated that only smokers who started quitting at age 55-65 saw significant cost-effectiveness in screening.
Breast cancer patients with HER-2/neu overexpression have lower hormone receptor levels, affecting treatment response. HFE gene mutations increase colon cancer risk in the US population.
Research reveals nicotine activates Akt survival pathway, undermining programmed cell death in lung cancer cells. This finding may lead to re-evaluation of quitting-aids' benefits.
Researchers found that nicotine stimulates lung epithelial cells to activate a molecular pathway promoting cell growth and survival. This activation undermines the body's natural defense mechanism against cancer. The study suggests reconsidering the risk-benefit ratio of nicotine-based quitting aids.
Researchers investigated the association between alcohol consumption and lung cancer risk, finding no statistically significant link. The Journal of National Cancer Institute also published studies on body surface area-based dosing for anticancer drugs and carbohydrate binding protein's potential to inhibit tumor growth.
The CALGB 9741 study found significant improvements in disease-free survival and overall survival for women with axillary node-positive operable breast cancer treated with dose-dense chemotherapy regimens. The study showed a 26% proportional reduction in risk of recurrence and improved quality of life with dose-dense therapy.
A clinical trial led by Dr. Joseph Friedberg at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital is exploring the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on non-small cell lung cancer, with patients showing survival times between three and four times the usual six to nine months after surgery.
A study of 156 spouses of people with lung cancer found that those using moderate levels of religious coping had lower depressive symptoms. High levels of religious coping were linked to higher depression scores, suggesting a complex relationship between the two.
Researchers discovered deguelin's ability to selectively block the growth of precancerous and cancerous human bronchial epithelial cells. The study suggests deguelin may inhibit Akt activation, a critical cell survival signal for tumor progression.
Researchers have found that a specific carcinogen in cigarette smoke causes mutations in the K-RAS gene, leading to lung cancer. The study uses a mapping technique pioneered by Dr. Tang to pinpoint the exact site of damage, providing concrete proof that smoking is a cause of lung cancer.
A new phase III multi-national European trial involving 618 patients with advanced non small-cell lung cancer found that cisplatin and paclitaxel improved survival rates compared to carboplatin and paclitaxel. The study suggests that cisplatin-based chemotherapy remains the preferred standard treatment for lung cancer in Europe.
The National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST) is a randomized, controlled study aiming to determine the effectiveness of spiral CT scans versus chest X-rays in reducing deaths from lung cancer. Participants will receive annual screenings for three years and their health will be monitored until 2009.
The National Lung Screening Trial will enroll 50,000 current or former smokers in the US to compare the effectiveness of CT scans and chest X-rays in detecting lung cancer. The trial aims to determine if early detection can lead to a reduction in lung cancer deaths.
A phase III trial found that darbepoetin alfa reduced blood transfusions by half and increased hemoglobin levels, while decreasing fatigue. The treatment also showed similar adverse events to those in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
A new study from Duke University Medical Center found that smokers who knew they were genetically susceptible to smoking-related cancers were no more likely to quit than those who didn't know. However, the study also showed that this knowledge did not undermine motivation to quit, contrary to initial concerns. The research suggests tha...
Sir Richard Peto and Sir Richard Doll have been pioneers in mapping the health hazards caused by smoking, with their study identifying a link between smoking and various causes of death. Their research has led to a huge body of knowledge reinforcing anti-tobacco efforts.
In developed countries, cancer mortality is more than twice as high as in developing countries due to factors like tobacco consumption and Western nutrition. In contrast, up to 25% of malignancies in developing countries are caused by infectious agents, whereas chronic infections account for only 8% in developed nations.
This study found that paclitaxel- and carboplatin-based regimens can prolong survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, with two-year survival rates similar to those achieved at one year with best supportive care. However, three-drug regimens were slightly more toxic and did not provide additional benefits.
A new study suggests that taking aspirin three or more times a week for six months may reduce the risk of developing non-small cell lung cancer in women. However, larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine the optimal dose due to potential side effects like gastrointestinal bleeding.
The study found that between 1950 and 1960, male cancer mortality was nearly 50% greater in high socioeconomic areas compared to low areas. By 1998, this gap had narrowed and even reversed, with the lowest socioeconomic groups experiencing higher mortality rates.
Researchers at Ohio State University identified 14 genes over-expressed and 12 genes under-expressed in lung cells affected by cancer. The study provides new insights into the genetic basis of lung cancer and could lead to earlier detection methods.
Researchers argue that the NY-ELCAP program cannot determine if screening saves lives due to a lack of control group. The study may harm participants, lead to overdiagnosis and make it harder to learn the true effect of spiral CT screening.
Researchers argue that NY-ELCAP cannot determine if spiral CT screening saves lives due to a lack of control group. The study's design flaw could lead to overdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment for some participants.
A retrospective study of 21,232 farmers in Xuanwei, China found that switching from unvented to vented stoves resulted in a 41% reduction in lung cancer risk for men and 46% for women. Indoor air pollution levels decreased by 65% with the new stove installations.
Researchers discovered unique genetic differences between lung cancer patients that correlated with cancer relapse rates. A 22-gene cluster was identified as a key predictor of treatment outcome, providing unprecedented insight into individual lung tumors.
A study found that 40% of patients experienced improved lung cancer symptoms after taking the experimental pill ZD 1839, leading to a longer survival and better quality of life. The pill, which targets the epidermal growth factor receptor, was found to be well-tolerated with minimal side effects.
The study demonstrated that gemcitabine was well-tolerated in patients with superficial bladder cancer, with no or very low levels of the drug found in plasma samples. The results suggest that gemcitabine may be a suitable alternative to current standard treatments, which often cause toxic side effects.
Research findings link insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) to decreased lung cancer risk when bound by IGFBP-3. Environmental factors influence DNA methylation patterns in tumor suppressor genes, which may impact cancer incidence. Electro-gene therapy enhances IL-12 protein delivery, triggering long-lasting antitumor responses.
Researchers found that blocking ICAM-1 reduced inflammation and fibrosis in lungs treated with radiation. Mice genetically engineered to lack ICAM-1 showed fewer infiltrating leukocytes and less respiratory distress.