Articles tagged with Endothelial Cells
Researchers at UC Davis have discovered a receptor pathway for C-reactive protein, a known risk marker for heart disease. Blocking this pathway with specific antibodies reverses the detrimental effects of CRP on endothelial cells.
Researchers at MIT have developed a novel approach to creating vascularized muscle tissue using a tri-culture scaffold composed of myoblasts, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. The resulting implants showed improved integration with the host tissues and functioned in living mice and rats.
A study found that patients with high circulating endothelial cell counts before treatment were more likely to have growing tumors, while those with low counts remained stable. This test may predict patient outcomes and survival, allowing doctors to tailor treatment and spare unnecessary side effects.
Researchers discovered FGF-21 regulates glucose uptake in human fat cells, decreasing plasma glucose levels and triglycerides in diabetic animals. Additionally, FGF-21 protected animals from diet-induced obesity, defining a functional role for FGF-21 in vivo.
Researchers found that simvastatin prevents or reverses vascular injury by vasoprotective means, protecting against diabetes-induced endothelial cell dysfunction. The study suggests a potential role for statins in treating diabetic patients.
Researchers discover that MT1-MMP controls blood vessel response to PDGF-ß signaling, essential for normal vessel formation. MT1-MMP-null mice exhibit severely compromised vascular architecture, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for controlling tumor growth and metastasis.
Researchers found that endothelial cells produce C-reactive protein, initiating plaque formation. High levels of C-reactive protein can lead to cardiovascular events, but reducing its concentration with targeted drugs may help.
Researchers evaluated microscope image quality and endothelial cell density to assess corneal health. Current system shows promise, but improvements needed in some eye banks to enhance image quality and accuracy of counting cells.
EndGenitor Technologies Inc. will market test kits for researchers to detect endothelial stem and progenitor cells, which can be used to treat chronic degenerative diseases associated with aging. The company aims to create cell therapy products using the 'ancestor' cells discovered by Drs. Mervin C. Yoder Jr. and David A. Ingram Jr.
Researchers discovered that overexpression of Down Syndrome Critical Region 1 (DSCR-1) reduces tumor growth and blocks blood vessel formation. This breakthrough could lead to novel strategies for inhibiting endothelial cell dysfunction and abnormal blood vessel formation.
A study led by UCSD biologists found that blood vessels respond to low oxygen levels, which may be a potent anti-tumor strategy. The research identified a gene, HIF-1alpha, that turns on in endothelial cells when they lack oxygen, causing them to proliferate and migrate.
Scientists discover endothelial cells have higher levels of receptors for endostatin, which protects melanoma cells from angiogenesis inhibitors. This finding may lead to new cancer therapies targeting both angiogenesis and tumor cell vasculogenic mimicry.
A randomized trial found that a Mediterranean-style diet reduced the prevalence of metabolic syndrome by approximately one half after two years. The diet was rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, walnuts, and olive oil.
A study from the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research has uncovered a fundamental mechanism of lymphatic vessel formation, revealing abnormally shaped vessels covered in smooth muscle cells. The findings may lead to better treatments for lymphedema, which affects people worldwide and can be inherited or caused by tumor removal.
A new study reveals a previously unrecognized mechanism for blood vessel patterning, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. The discovery involves an endothelial receptor called PlexinD1, which may enable manipulation of blood vessel growth and development.
Researchers from Indiana University have identified adult type stem cells that can be grown in large quantities and easily modified with genes. These endothelial progenitor cells show promise as a new gene therapy tool for treating circulatory problems, such as diabetes-related amputations and heart attack repair.
Researchers at UNC have identified a critical role for the flt-1 receptor in regulating sprouting angiogenesis, a key step in blood vessel formation. The study's findings may lead to new therapies for conditions like coronary heart disease and diabetes.
Researchers at Lehigh University have used optical tweezers to study the interior of endothelial cells in a non-invasive way, discovering a rhythmic pattern in the rigidity of the cytoskeleton. This pattern appears to change by a factor of four every 20-30 seconds, raising questions about its triggers and significance.
Researchers found that levels of apoptotic endothelial cells in lupus patients correlated with their vascular function and symptoms, suggesting a high risk of heart disease. The study suggests that lupus patients' heightened heart risk may be due to the rapid death and slow replacement of endothelial cells.
Researchers at UMHS have developed re-engineered blood vessels that can be used in heart bypass surgery, lower extremity bypasses, and tissue transfers. The new method reduces the risk of rejection by using the host's own cells, increasing the likelihood of success.
Researchers found that fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) boosts new brain cell production and protects existing neurons from degeneration following traumatic brain injury. The study suggests FGF-2 supplementation may improve TBI outcomes.
Researchers discovered that aggressive cancer cells form vascular-like networks, allowing for blood flow and potential nutritional exchange. This 'chameleon-like' ability raises clinical challenges in detecting aggressive tumor cells but offers new insights into targeting them more effectively.
Researchers at UNC identified two key genes involved in blood vessel development: BMPER and HOXB5. The study found that BMPER inhibits further differentiation of endothelial cells, while HOXB5 activates the endothelial cell program, increasing vessel formation.
Researchers at Emory University Health Sciences Center have identified honokiol, a compound found in magnolia cones, as a potent inhibitor of tumor growth. Honokiol reduces endothelial cell growth and inhibits angiogenesis, potentially leading to new cancer treatments.
Spanish fertility experts have found a protein called Vascular Endothelial cadherin linked to ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. The study suggests that modulating the way ovaries are stimulated can reduce the risk of severe OHSS. Researchers propose a novel approach, 'coasting', which enables treatment cycles to continue with less risk.
Researchers identify Plcg1 as a crucial regulator of arterial cell fate during development, contradicting previous assumptions about blood vessel formation. The study uses zebrafish as a model organism to uncover novel insights into vascular development and its potential applications in human disease.
Researchers found a genetic connection between blood flow patterns and cardiovascular disease, with oscillatory shear stress leading to increased expression of the protein BMP4. This finding may help explain why physical inactivity promotes heart disease and could lead to new diagnostic tests or gene-based therapies.
Scientists at Northwestern University have discovered an enzyme that makes endothelial cells in the lungs susceptible to injury during periods of inflammation. They developed an experimental MLCK inhibitor, which protected normal mice from lung injury when exposed to bacterial toxin and ventilator-induced stress.
Researchers have combined an antibody with an antioxidant enzyme to protect transplanted lungs from oxidative stress, improving lung-graft survivability and storage time. The anti-PECAM/catalase hybrid construct strengthened antioxidant defenses and reduced free-radical damage in animal models.
Researchers found a significant inverse correlation between circulating endothelial progenitor cells and cardiovascular risk factors. They also discovered that individuals with higher cardiovascular risk factors experience premature aging of these cells.
Researchers from University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have found that the Nf1 gene is essential in endothelial cells, explaining why patients with NF1 are prone to cardiovascular problems. The discovery may lead to new therapeutics for NF1 and provide validation of an animal model for the disease.
Researchers developed a system to study blood vessel development without mural cells, revealing that angiopoietin-1 partially restores large vessel structure. The study suggests Ang1 is crucial for normal vessel stability and highlights the importance of pericytes in maintaining vascular networks.
Researchers have discovered that angiopoietin-1 can restore faulty blood vessel architecture in mice by promoting sprouting, survival, and stability of new vessels. This study highlights the importance of pericytes in maintaining normal vessel stability and may lead to new treatments for diseases like diabetic retinopathy.
Medical College of Georgia researchers have discovered a biochemical scaffold that enables blood pressure to remain low and heart bypass grafts to stay open. The discovery, which contradicts previous understanding, identifies the framework for how this positive health benefit occurs.
Researchers have developed a potential treatment for limb ischemia by injecting bone marrow cells into the affected area, stimulating the growth of new blood vessels. This process can reduce pain and improve ulcer healing rates, offering a promising alternative to surgical interventions.
Researchers at TSRI have developed a technique to selectively deliver adult stem cells into the eye, which can stimulate vessel growth and address inherited retinal degenerations. The cells can incorporate into the vasculature and make it normal, or be loaded with antiangiogenics to selectively wipe out the formation of new blood vessels.
A UNC scientist found that trauma and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) contribute to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma, a cancer linked to HIV. The researcher also discovered that HHV8 can be detected in saliva prior to disease development, suggesting new treatment possibilities for high-risk individuals.
A study led by Dr. Lena Lavie found that sleep apnea patients have increased adhesion molecules and free radicals on their white blood cells, which contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Effective treatment with CPAP may not reverse this process, highlighting the need for further research.
Researchers investigated adhesive interactions in contact dermatitis, a common skin condition. Key findings indicate that adhesions play a significant role in the development and progression of this disease.
Researchers discover tumstatin protein inhibits angiogenesis by targeting a specific integrin molecule, preventing the growth of new blood vessels in tumors. The study provides new insights into the mechanism behind tumstatin's anti-angiogenic effects, paving the way for the development of more effective cancer drugs.
Linoleic acid significantly induced mRNA transcripts of inflammatory genes, while oleic acid showed protective effects on arterial endothelial cells. This study highlights the importance of plasma fatty acid concentrations in vascular disease research.
The study reveals that endothelial cells emit signals to encourage the growth of emerging organs, such as the liver and pancreas, even before functioning blood vessels arise. This discovery may lead to a better understanding of organ development and regeneration.
Duke researchers have identified caveolae, small pits on cell membranes, as a route of entry for various pathogens and toxins. This finding could lead to new avenues for treating infections and delivering drugs into cells.
The study demonstrates a fundamental role of caveolin-1 and caveolae in organizing multiple signalling pathways in the cell. The absence of caveolae impaired nitric oxide and calcium signaling, leading to severe physical limitations in caveolin-1-disrupted mice.
Human microvascular endothelial cells express CXCR3 receptor in response to cell cycle regulation, leading to antiproliferative effect. This mechanism provides an additional pathway for controlling angiogenesis, potentially blocking tumor growth.
Researchers have identified a viral protein responsible for Ebola-induced internal bleeding. The discovery could lead to the development of targeted antiviral treatments and vaccines to prevent the disease. By understanding how the virus attaches to and enters cells, scientists can design more effective countermeasures.
Researchers found that certain genes in blood vessels produce a protective protein called HO-1, which inhibits atherosclerosis. This discovery provides new leads for treating and preventing heart disease by targeting these genetic pathways.
Vascugel, a perivascular tissue engineered implant, prevents intimal hyperplasia by regulating biochemical compounds involved in blood vessel repair. The study supports the potential use of Vascugel to enhance cardiovascular procedures and reduce costs associated with (re)stenosis.
Researchers found that oxidants are necessary for endothelial cell migration and wound healing after vascular injury. Oxidants stimulate the production of actin fibers, allowing cells to move towards injured sites.
Researchers found that a small peptide, IM862, showed significant anti-angiogenesis activity in a human clinical trial, resulting in major responses in 37% of patients. The peptide inhibits blood vessel formation and modulates the immune system, offering a potential treatment for Kaposi's Sarcoma with improved safety profiles.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center have identified a critical molecular link between endothelial cells and the development of new blood vessels. This discovery could lead to more targeted treatments for heart disease and cancer with fewer side effects.
Estrogen has been found to improve blood vessel function and provide protection against coronary artery disease in premenopausal women. The hormone works by causing endothelial cells to produce more nitric oxide, leading to increased blood flow and reduced risk of heart disease.
Researchers found that aspirin inhibits angiogenesis in tumor cells by blocking COX-2 enzyme production, which prevents the formation of blood vessels. Additionally, aspirin also targets COX-1 enzyme in endothelial cells, forming new blood vessels.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine are studying how cells sense, respond, and adapt to physical forces. They aim to develop interventional drugs, gene-therapies, and blood-clot-dissolving enzymes for diseased vessels.
Researchers found that a vitamin supplement with folic acid, B-6, and B-12 reduced homocysteine levels and improved biochemical markers in the blood of 27 patients who had suffered a stroke. The study suggests that lowering homocysteine may have multiple biological effects on endothelial cells.
Researchers developed a method to detect early abnormal endothelial cells that lead to atherosclerosis using microbubbles and contrast echocardiography. The technique showed a 40-fold increase in adherence of specific microbubbles to activated endothelial cells, enabling earlier intervention.
Researchers at Oregon Health Sciences University have found that HIV infection of endothelial cells leads to the development of cancerous B-cells in AIDS patients. The virus disrupts normal signaling mechanisms, causing an increased number of adhesion molecules to form and support the growth of malignant cells.
Researchers discovered a genetic mutation in the TIE-2 gene responsible for venous malformations, the most common type of birthmark. The mutation disrupts the normal molecular dialog between endothelial cells and their environment, leading to abnormal blood vessel formation.
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center are testing the safety and effectiveness of TNP-470, an experimental drug that prevents tumor growth by blocking the formation of new blood vessels. The study aims to reduce tumor size and prevent cancer spread in patients with metastatic breast cancer.