Articles tagged with Tumor Samples
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LumosVar is a computer program that can accurately identify cancer-causing genetic variants from patient tumor samples. The tool helps physicians determine individualized treatment for patients by differentiating normal DNA from mutated and cancerous DNA changes.
Recent research by Children's Tumor Foundation advances understanding of brain tumors affecting neurofibromatosis patients. Two large-scale studies have identified genetic, epigenetic, and metabolic alterations in NF1 gliomas, paving the way for targeted therapies.
Two DNA testing programs in Spain and UK successfully matched patient tumor profiles with targeted therapies, enabling new opportunities for personalized medicine. The programs use whole genome sequencing to identify specific genetic features of tumors and match them with early clinical trials.
Researchers have developed a CRISPR-based diagnostic tool called SHERLOCK, which has been enhanced to detect multiple targets at once and show results on a paper strip. The new feature increases sensitivity 100-fold, allowing for the detection of low concentrations of genetic material in samples.
Scientists developed a handheld probe, MasSpec Pen, for non-destructive cancer diagnosis within minutes. The device analyzes tissue samples using tiny volumes of water, identifying tumors with high sensitivity and specificity.
A research team at Lund University has discovered that gene expression in normal tissue varies depending on the location within the kidney. This variation affects the accuracy of comparisons between tumour cells and healthy tissue, leading to a better understanding of kidney cancer subtypes.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a micro-sized device that can detect the IDH1-R132H mutation in glioma tumors, enabling real-time identification of tumor margins during surgery. The device takes less than 15 minutes to produce results and requires only small sample sizes.
A new study suggests that genomic sequencing research may be missing key mutations in different racial and ethnic groups due to a lack of tumor samples from minorities. This could lead to unequal treatment opportunities and worsen disparities in cancer care.
Researchers developed a new screening protocol to detect human polyomaviruses in tumor samples, but found no association with various types of cancer. The technique will aid in studying diseases linked to polyomaviruses, such as Merkel cell carcinoma caused by Merkel cell polyomavirus.
Scientists developed a new technology to isolate 100% pure tumor and stromal cell populations from minute formalin fixed paraffin embedded specimens. This allows for downstream analysis of tumor genetic characteristics via next generation sequencing with unprecedented precision.
Researchers analyzed 103 commercial coffee samples and found the presence of fumonisins, aflatoxins, trichothecenes, and emerging mycotoxins in varying concentrations. Five samples exceeded maximum permitted levels of ochratoxin A.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have developed a new technique to analyze specific hormones in tissue, allowing surgeons to distinguish tumor from normal gland. The technique, called MALDI MSI, can determine hormone composition in under 30 minutes, potentially improving surgical precision.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a new genetic profiling approach to identify patients with right lung cancer who are eligible for targeted therapies. The method uses smaller tissue biopsies and has been shown to detect genetic changes in over 95% of samples.
A study by University of Manchester researchers has identified four subtypes of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) that relate to disease recurrence. Patients with certain tumour characteristics, such as oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor positivity, are less likely to experience cancer progression, while others are at higher risk.
A new diagnostic platform can detect BRAF V600 mutations in cancer tissue samples in about 90 minutes, faster and more accurate than the standard method. This could help accelerate diagnosis and treatment for patients with melanoma and other cancers.
Researchers identified significant variation in microRNA expression within single tumors, highlighting the importance of sampling multiple tumor zones. This finding may explain conflicting previous results and emphasizes the need for personalized medicine approaches.
Researchers found that higher activity of certain LSC genes was associated with worse overall, event-free and relapse-free survival in acute myeloid leukemia patients. The study defined a signature of enriched AML-initiating cells linked to clinical outcomes.
Researchers identified AEG1 as a gene and protein crucial for HCC progression, suggesting targeting it may be a new therapeutic strategy. Overexpression of AEG1 accelerated tumor growth in mouse models.
Researchers have identified a key Lupus gene that increases risk by 50%, prompting a need for more patient DNA samples. The OX40L variant is crucial in the immune system and may hold the key to diagnosing and treating the disease.
Exposure to PFOS and PFOA in utero is statistically associated with lower head circumference and body weight at birth, according to a Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health analysis of nearly 300 umbilical cord blood samples. The study found no associations between these compounds and length or gestational age.
Researchers detected PFOA and PFOS in nearly all newborn umbilical cord blood samples, with concentrations lower than those found in adults. The study suggests a strong association between the two compounds, despite their different industrial sources.
Research suggests that T-beta-RIII can suppress breast cancer progression by blocking TGF-beta signaling. Low levels of T-beta-RIII are associated with decreased recurrence-free survival in patients with breast cancer.
A study found that mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is linked to aggressive breast cancers, particularly in North African countries. The virus was found in 74% of Tunisian samples but only 36% in US samples, suggesting geographic differences in prevalence.
A study identified four tumor gene expression patterns that may serve as biomarkers of prognosis for head and neck squamous cell cancer patients. The patterns were associated with different outcomes, including the worst outcome linked to epidermal growth factor pathway activation, and a tobacco exposure signature.
Researchers identified 58 genes dissimilar between normal and left-sided tumor samples, and 118 between normal and right-sided tumor samples. The study provides new insights into why some patients respond to treatment while others do not.
Researchers found that high zinc intake was associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer, but not with lower doses. The studies also failed to find evidence of simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma samples.
The National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) has launched the National Cancer Tissue Resource to address the fragmented approach to collecting and using tumour samples for research. Key areas of study requiring large-scale sample collection include predicting outcomes, identifying inherited markers, genetic susceptibility to cancer.
Researchers identified three genetic subtypes of lung adenocarcinomas, each associated with different survival rates and treatment outcomes. The study could improve diagnosis and treatment options for patients with this aggressive form of lung cancer.