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Life Sciences

Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.

447,757 articles | 2542 topics

Health and Medicine

Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.

431,843 articles | 751 topics

Social Sciences

Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.

260,756 articles | 745 topics

Physical Sciences

Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.

257,913 articles | 1552 topics

Applied Sciences and Engineering

Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.

225,386 articles | 998 topics

Scientific Community

Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.

193,043 articles | 157 topics

Space Sciences

Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.

29,662 articles | 175 topics

Research Methods

Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.

21,889 articles | 139 topics

Mathematics

Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.

3,023 articles | 113 topics

Tissue rigidity promotes tumor progression

A study published in Cancer Cell found that increased tissue rigidity promotes the malignant behavior of tumor cells by inducing Rho-generated cytoskeletal tension and focal adhesions. This discovery may lead to new therapeutic strategies for treating cancers.

Mechanical tension helps shape lung development

Research by Ingber and colleagues found that manipulating mechanical force in developing mouse lungs can slow down or speed up growth, which could lead to novel treatments for lung conditions. This study sheds light on the importance of mechanobiology in understanding normal lung development and potential intervention pathways.

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Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Is the zebra fish leading us to new therapies?

Researchers used zebra fish to discover that nerves and blood vessels share similar guiding signals, crucial for therapeutic angiogenesis. This finding has significant implications for developing targeted forms of treatment for diseases like heart attacks.

New Italian research links migraine and endometriosis

A new Italian study found that women with endometriosis have a significantly higher prevalence of migraine, but no link to attack frequency or pain intensity. The study also suggests that investigating headaches in women with endometriosis is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment.

MRI improves treatment of deforming birthmarks

A new study uses MRI to guide percutaneous sclerotherapy, a minimally invasive treatment for low-flow vascular malformations, resulting in successful symptom relief without complications. The technique enables precise targeting and monitoring of the malformation, leading to improved patient outcomes.

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Angiogenesis therapy successful for peripheral arterial disease

Researchers have successfully developed a gene therapy approach to treat peripheral arterial disease, stimulating blood vessel growth and improving perfusion in damaged leg tissue. The treatment also appeared to prevent programmed cell death, as the researchers reported.

Rice engineer wins prestigious Annunzio Award

Jennifer West, a renowned bioengineer, has made significant advancements in nanotechnology and tissue engineering. Her research focuses on developing novel biomaterials for vascular grafts that could eliminate the need for vein transplants.

Dying cells encourage neighbors to grow

Researchers discover that apoptotic cells induce compensatory proliferation in fruit fly tissue, promoting cell growth through specific signaling cascades. This phenomenon has implications for understanding cancer and hyperplasia, highlighting the importance of regulating apoptosis.

Italian research links diet with endometriosis risk

Italian researchers found a 40% relative reduction in endometriosis risk among women consuming higher amounts of green vegetables and fresh fruit. Conversely, high consumption of beef, other red meat, and ham was associated with an increased risk, potentially leading to a 3-4% decrease in prevalence if confirmed by future studies.

Largest study of its kind finds male breast cancer on the rise

Researchers have found that male breast cancer incidence has increased by 26% over the past 25 years, with men being diagnosed at a later stage than women. The study also revealed differences in tumor biology, including higher rates of estrogen receptor-positive tumors in men.

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Self-assembling proteins could help repair human tissue

Scientists at Johns Hopkins University have developed a new biomaterial that can promote cell growth and differentiation, potentially aiding in the repair of human tissue. The self-assembling protein gel is made from genetically engineered modular proteins that can be mixed to create different types of hydrogels for specific applications.

MGH research team grows long-lasting blood vessels

A research team at MGH has successfully grown long-lasting blood vessels using a technique that combines endothelial and perivascular cells. The new vessels formed beautiful networks, survived, and functioned like normal vasculature tissue.

Research suggests new way to repair cartilage damage

Researchers develop a novel treatment to stimulate natural cartilage tissue growth in knee joint defects, providing a potential solution for osteoarthritis treatment. The hyaluronan-based polymer creates a protective cap and enables new cartilage tissue to grow, filling the defect and promoting healing.

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Dance of the molecules

Researchers develop a method to capture enzyme activity in real-time, revealing detailed information about molecular interactions. This breakthrough enables the design of targeted synthetic drugs for cancer treatment.

Microscopes provide new view for tissue engineering

Tissue engineers can now monitor the growth and differentiation of cells in three-dimensional scaffolds with unprecedented depth. This breakthrough provides a crucial capability for the emerging field of tissue engineering, which aims to regenerate form and function in damaged or diseased tissues and organs.

Injection prevents blinding blood vessel growth in mice

Researchers developed VEGF-TRAP, an injection that prevents new blood vessel growth in the eyes of mice. The treatment halted existing vessel leakage and showed long-lasting effects without complications. It may offer a potential treatment for diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration.

Men don't recognize their breast cancer until a late stage

Researchers found that men with male breast cancer are more likely to be older when diagnosed, have later stage disease, and ductal papillary cancers. The study suggests important biological differences between male and female breast cancer.

Assisted reproduction may be linked to birth defect syndrome

Researchers have found a possible association between IVF and an increased risk of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), a genetic disorder that can predispose children to cancer. BWS is characterized by excessive growth and occurs in about 1 in 15,000 births, with the incidence being significantly higher among IVF-conceived babies.

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Visualising potential outcome of cancer treatment

Researchers used Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DWMRI) to visualize and measure water characteristics in mouse tumors before and after chemotherapy. They found a significant correlation between water diffusion properties prior to treatment and subsequent tumor growth rate.

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Protein could help rejuvenate oxygen-starved cardiac tissue, heal wounds

Researchers genetically engineered mice to overexpress the HIF-1α gene in skin cells, resulting in a 70% increase in capillaries and normal-like blood vessels. The study suggests that HIF-1α harnesses VEGF expression in a way that could be beneficial therapeutically for conditions like ischemic tissue and recalcitrant wounds.

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Controlled nerve growth factor aids brain cell transplant

Bioengineers at Cornell University have created a system for transplanting clusters of brain cells, together with controlled-release microcapsules of protein, to enable cell differentiation and growth. The technique has shown promise in treating neurodegenerative diseases and spinal cord injuries.

Researchers take steps to growing replacement blood vessels

Researchers at Ohio State University are investigating ways to re-grow tiny blood vessels to keep damaged heart tissue alive after a heart attack. They have demonstrated that endothelial cells can grow in grooves carved in the surface of a soft transparent gel in the laboratory, paving the way for future transplants.

Biologists Discover Genetic Means To Grow Wing Tissue

Researchers identified a single gene regulating wing formation in fruit flies, revealing a fundamental understanding of how genes mastermind limb development. The discovery may lead to new avenues for preventing birth defects caused by genetic miscommunication.