Articles tagged with Brain Tumors
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Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have identified a compound that could treat secondary glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a type of brain tumor. By replenishing α-ketoglutarate, they reversed the effects of IDH1 gene mutation, which contributes to tumor growth.
The study found that treatment with cediranib reduced edema and improved survival in mice with glioblastoma tumors. Mice receiving the drug lived significantly longer than controls, despite continued tumor growth.
Scientists at The University of Nottingham have uncovered a vital new biological clue that could lead to more effective treatments for CNS PNETs, a type of brain tumour predominantly occurring in children. The research found that WNT pathway activation is linked to patient survival and may represent an important new target for treatment.
Researchers have discovered new tumor markers that can accurately predict the course of disease and treatment response in childhood brain tumors. These markers, found in medulloblastoma DNA, can help adjust therapy intensity to reduce damage and secondary malignancies.
Researchers at Bonn University discovered a critical improvement in treating glioblastoma, the most aggressive and common brain tumor. The combination of two drugs increased average survival time to 23 months, with some patients surviving over four years. Further investigations are needed to optimize this therapy.
A rare case of a boy with Ataxia Telangiectasia developed abnormal growths in his brain and spinal cord four years after receiving human fetal stem cell therapy. The tumors were found to be benign neural tumors that could not have arisen from the patient's own tissues, highlighting the need for caution in stem cell therapy.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati discovered that estrogen receptors are present in medulloblastoma, the most common type of pediatric brain tumor. This finding suggests that anti-estrogen drug treatments may be beneficial in limiting tumor progression and improving patient outcomes.
Researchers at the Salk Institute used fruit flies as a model to study gliomas, the most common malignant brain tumors. They found that activating specific signaling pathways in the fly brains resulted in tumor-like growths, mimicking human disease.
A clinical decision model using MR spectroscopy can help patients avoid unnecessary biopsies and treatments by identifying whether a new lesion is due to a recurrent tumor or post-radiation changes. The technique analyzes ratios of three metabolites, including choline, creatine, and NAA, to determine the likelihood of a recurrent tumor.
A gene variant has been linked to an increased risk of developing brain tumors at a younger age, with 20.6% of young people with glioblastoma multiforme having the Pro/Pro variant of the TP53 gene compared to 5.9% of healthy participants.
Researchers from Boston College and Washington University School of Medicine report new evidence supporting the original Warburg Theory of Cancer. Abnormalities in cardiolipin content were found in all types of brain tumors, closely associated with significant reductions in energy-generating activities.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center developed a gene therapeutic approach that results in tumor regression and long-term survival. The approach uses proteins to draw dendritic cells into the brain tumors, stimulate an anti-tumor response, and increase survival time by six months.
Researchers have identified a mechanism for an effective immune response to brain tumors by combining immunotherapy and strategies to kill tumor cells. The study suggests that this combination may provide effective treatment for glioblastoma multiforme, the most aggressive form of brain cancer.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have developed a new glioblastoma mouse model that closely resembles human brain tumors. The model uses modified viruses to shuttle cancer-causing oncogenes into adult mice, allowing scientists to study the development and progression of glioblastoma.
Researchers at UC Davis Cancer Center have discovered a molecule called LXY1 that targets glioblastoma, a deadly form of brain cancer. The molecule binds to alpha-3 integrin on cancer cells, allowing for direct delivery of treatments and sparing normal tissues.
GUMC researchers discovered PTPRD gene inactivation in melanoma and glioblastoma, a potential tumor suppressor role. The findings suggest a wide applicability of PTPRD in various cancers, paving the way for novel therapy.
Patients with low-grade gliomas who underwent aggressive surgeries were free of tumor recurrence an average of 15 years after diagnosis. Radiation therapy significantly extended their survival time, with patients living up to six years without tumor recurrence.
Glioblastoma cells release exosomes containing RNA and proteins that promote tumor growth, but also carry data that can be used to guide targeted therapy. The study identified factors in these exosomes that could be used as biomarkers to monitor treatment response.
A new study by Tel Aviv University and the University of Utah found a significant link between brain cancer and family history. Researchers discovered that a four-fold increase in risk exists for individuals with a family history of brain tumors, highlighting genetic predispositions.
Researchers identified a molecular mechanism involved in the development of cancer stem cells, which can lead to malignant brain tumors. Targeting this signaling pathway with gene therapy may prevent tumor recurrence.
Recent studies suggest a possible link between long-term cell phone use and increased risk of brain tumors, prompting a call for collaborative research initiatives. Scientists emphasize the need for definitive evidence to determine the risks associated with electromagnetic field exposure from cell phones.
A new research project will develop and test new ways of scanning childhood tumours in depth, giving doctors a more detailed diagnosis and better indication of how to treat the tumour. This project is part of a nationwide investment of £50m to establish cancer imaging centres and research programmes.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have discovered a new approach to gene therapy that uses normal brain tissue to create a 'zone of resistance' against brain tumor growth. By delivering a cancer-fighting gene to the surrounding tissue, tumors can be suppressed and eventually eliminated.
Researchers developed a novel technique for detecting tumor lymphangiogenesis in rabbits, using percutaneous hepatic injection of ultrasound contrast material. The method combines percutaneous transhepatic lymphosonography (PTL) with contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging to improve diagnostic ability for liver cancer.
Dr. Sanjay Kumar, a UC Berkeley bioengineer, has been awarded a $1.5 million NIH New Innovator Award to investigate the role of mechanical forces in human health and disease. His research aims to understand how cells process biophysical cues, which could lead to the development of new chemotherapeutic drugs for brain tumors.
The study identifies frequently mutated genes, including ERBB2 and NF1, which were previously underestimated in their role in glioblastoma. The analysis also provides a wide view of how cell pathways are altered during the initiation and growth of glioblastoma, offering insights into strategies to diagnose and treat the disease.
Researchers at Medical College of Wisconsin report promising results using drugs to inhibit angiogenesis in rat models of glioblastoma, a deadly brain tumor. Tumor size was reduced by 50-70% and survival time increased by 5-7 days
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and UCSF have uncovered new origins for childhood brain tumors, suggesting that targeting the mutated cell-signaling pathway may lead to more effective treatment approaches. The findings hint that not all patients' tumors may be born from the same cells.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified two types of cells in the brain that can give rise to medulloblastoma, a type of brain tumor. The study provides critical insight into how cancers develop and may help develop more rational and effective approaches to treatment.
Researchers found that PDE5 inhibitors like Viagra and Levitra can open the blood-brain tumor barrier, allowing cancer-fighting drugs to reach malignant brain tumors. This breakthrough may improve drug delivery to brain tumors in patients.
A team of researchers at Washington University in St. Louis has developed polymeric nanoparticles that can slowly release doxorubicin, a chemotherapy drug, over an extended time period. The approach aims to improve the delivery of cancer-killing drugs to pediatric brain tumors without harming healthy cells.
The University of Alabama at Birmingham has joined a national consortium working to improve treatment and survival for patients with glioma, a type of malignant brain tumor. The Ivy Genomics-Based Medicine Project will use advanced molecular profiling and testing to identify personalized treatments for patients.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have developed an automated technique using wavelets to analyze brain tumors, providing a preliminary diagnosis in seconds. The method improves upon existing methods by analyzing hundreds of slides with millions of pixels, increasing accuracy and reducing analysis time.
Researchers found that oncolytic viruses designed to kill cancer cells can stimulate the growth of new blood vessels to tumors, leading to regrowth and immune cell eradication. The study suggests a strategy to design combination therapies that inhibit this effect and enhance viral therapy efficacy.
Delays in diagnosis of teenagers and young adults (TYAs) with cancer can range from four to 184 weeks, with the average time being 15.2 weeks. A study found that out of 207 young people with cancer, four out of five sought medical help quickly, while only seven per cent delayed for months.
A new vaccine targets glioblastoma multiforme, doubling survival time and more than quadrupling progression-free survival. The vaccine has caused virtually no side effects, making it a promising therapy for this deadly brain tumor.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that children under 3 years old with diffuse pontine glioma (DPG) tend to respond better to treatment than older children. The study suggests that distinct biological characteristics of DPG in young patients may account for their improved survival rates.
Researchers identified proteins that may serve as reliable biomarkers for Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) and its associated malignant tumors. Adrenomedullin levels were found to be significantly higher in NF1 patients and MPNST cell cultures, indicating a possible association with tumor growth.
A new vaccine targeting human cytomegalovirus (CMV) shows promise in delaying the recurrence of deadly brain tumors, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The study found that patients receiving the vaccine experienced a significant delay in tumor regrowth, with overall survival extended to over 20 months.
Scientists create microscopic vehicles that can navigate the bloodstream, targeting tumors with high precision. The nanoworms, coated with a tumor-specific molecule, remain in circulation for hours, offering potential for more effective delivery of toxic anti-cancer drugs.
A new neuroimaging study maps functional brain areas to improve cognitive skills before, during, and after brain tumour surgery. The study uses fMRI to localize important areas and preserve motor, sensory, and cognitive abilities.
A new mechanism of how tumour cells communicate has been discovered, involving the release of vesicles called oncosomes containing cancer-causing proteins. This finding could lead to major clinical innovations and potentially serve as a clinical marker for cancer diagnosis.
The Novo-TTF device demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing tumor volume and improving outcomes for patients with locally advanced breast cancer. The device's non-invasive technology disrupts cancer cell proliferation, offering a potential alternative to traditional chemotherapy.
Researchers found that increasing production of angiotensin-converting enzyme in macrophages enhances the immune system's ability to sense and respond to tumors. This discovery suggests a strategy for amplifying immune system function in humans, potentially enhancing cancer patients' ability to resist tumor growth.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide will study links between brain chemistry and fatal outcomes from brain tumors and strokes. They aim to find out why these conditions become deadly, with a focus on swelling caused by tumors and cancer cells entering the central nervous system.
Researchers used perfusion MRI to track changes in blood volume in patients with low-grade gliomas, finding that increased rCBV is an indicator of future malignant transformation. The study suggests that significant changes in rCBV represent an early warning sign of impending malignant transformation.
Researchers have shown that MRI can non-invasively characterize brain tumors and determine which are responsive to specific treatments based on their molecular properties. The study identified five distinct MRI features linked with particular gene expression patterns, including those associated with tumor proliferation and growth.
Researchers identify KIFBbeta as a potential new neuronal tumor suppressor gene that mediates apoptosis in neural crest-derived tumors. The study suggests that KIFBbeta provides a protective effect against the development of these tumors.
Researchers found that proteins BMP2, BMP4 and BMP7 inhibit medulloblastoma tumor growth while inducing malignant cells to develop into normal neurons, offering a potential new treatment for the cancer.
A new mouse model of neurofibromatosis 1 closely replicates the human condition, allowing for more extensive and accurate preclinical testing of potential therapies. The model has been used to test chemotherapy agents and experimental drugs, revealing promising results and shedding light on their effects.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have identified a new strategy for normalizing tumor blood supply by controlling nitric oxide levels. By selectively suppressing NO production in tumor cells while maintaining it in blood vessels, the study found improved appearance and function of the tumor's blood supply.
A study found that people with gliomatosis cerebri missing chromosome 1p and 19q respond better to temozolomide and live longer. The genetic signature was associated with a higher response rate and longer survival, making temozolomide a preferred treatment option.
A new study has found that a gene called STAT3 can behave differently depending on genetic nuances between individuals, playing a tumor suppressor role in some glioblastoma cases. The discovery has laid the foundation for personalized medicine approaches to treat this devastating brain cancer.
The Simons Foundation's $10 million grant will support preclinical studies of new therapies for gliomas, a type of brain cancer. The goal is to develop treatments that target cancer cells and abnormal signaling pathways while sparing nearby sensitive tissues.
Researchers discovered that astatine-211 can kill residual cancer cells without harming sensitive brain tissue, leading to longer survival rates among patients. The isotope's potency and short lifespan make it a promising treatment option for brain tumors.
Research reveals high-dose methotrexate significantly increases average survival rate to 4.5 years, outperforming radiation therapy with a one-year average survival rate.
A study published in the Journal of Neurosurgery found that simultaneous implantation of radioactive seeds and chemotherapy wafers following surgery improved patient survival rates for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. The median survival was 69 weeks, with nearly a quarter of patients surviving two years.
Researchers at Cardiff University have made promising progress in treating tuberous sclerosis, an inherited disease that causes tumours to grow in organs. After a year of Sirolimus treatment, kidney tumour diameters shrunk by 26% on average.
A new brain mapping technique has refined scientists' understanding of language organization within the human cortex, identifying new regions involved in speech production, reading, and naming. The technique allows for safer tumor removal and better outcomes for patients with language-related difficulties.
Researchers developed a three-drug cocktail targeting glioblastoma multiforme tumors, which showed significant benefits in killing cancer cells and sparing healthy brain tissue. The treatment is based on the first-ever documented molecular signature of GBM tumors and may be tested in patients within five years.