Articles tagged with Brain Tumors
Scientists at Virginia Tech have developed a hands-off process for filling fullerenes with radio-active material, increasing control of radiation therapy. The new material allows for targeted localization and potentially fewer side effects in brain tumor treatment.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic and University of California San Francisco have discovered a connection between DNA alterations on human chromosome 9 and glioblastoma. The study found that individuals with specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are 50% more likely to develop the aggressive brain cancer.
Researchers have identified a fruit fly tumor suppressor gene, PP2A, that can prevent brain tumors from forming. The study suggests that the protein's counterpart in mammals may also play a crucial role in regulating neural stem cell divisions and controlling tumor development.
Researchers design a minimally invasive system combining ultrasound and chemotherapy to target brain tumors without surgery or radiation. The approach aims to provide real-time imaging and localized temperature increases to melt liposome shells and release chemotherapy directly to the tumor.
PTEN-deficient cells have defective checkpoints that allow them to bypass DNA repair and continue growing despite radiation damage. Researchers found that correcting faulty checkpoint processes could increase radiation sensitivity in tumors with PTEN mutations.
A University of Cincinnati study found that performing stereotactic needle biopsies in eloquent areas of the brain, associated with language or other critical functions, carries no greater risk than in non-eloquent areas. The study compared complication rates between functional and non-functional brain regions.
A new MRI test involving breathing oxygen may help oncologists determine the best treatment for some cancer patients. The BOLD technique detects oxygen levels in tumors without invasive procedures, providing insight into how tumors behave and what treatments might be effective.
A UCF researcher is developing a computer program to analyze brain scans and automatically measure tumor size in 3D. The program has shown up to 90% accuracy compared to human analysis and could help determine treatment plans for patients.
Researchers found a biological link between tumors and negative mood changes in animal models, suggesting that tumor-induced molecules may be responsible for depression. The study also showed that disruptions in gene expression and stress hormone production are associated with tumor development.
Researchers created a mathematical formula that incorporated equations describing tumor evolution and growth, predicting oxygen consumption rates and cell growth. The computational model was validated with human brain tumor samples and successfully mimicked natural biological tumors.
A new mathematical model developed at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston suggests that tumor growth and invasion can be predicted using biophysical laws. The model, which links molecular and cellular properties to tumor behavior, consistently reproduced patterns of tumor invasion observed in experiments and patien...
Co-transplanting bone marrow stem cells with embryonic stem cells eliminates tumor formation in spinal cord injury (SCI) laboratory animals. The study suggests that BMSCs induce differentiation of undifferentiated ES cells into a neuronal lineage, resulting in suppression of tumor growth.
A new MRI technique accurately predicts specific genetic mutations in human brain tumors, a breakthrough that could lead to better diagnosis and treatment of glioblastoma. By measuring blood flow to the tumor, researchers can identify patients with high-risk mutations that require targeted therapies.
Researchers at USC have identified a new compound that targets both tumor cells and surrounding blood vessels, potentially leading to more effective treatment options for brain tumors. The study found that the compound reduced tumor growth and blood vessel density in animal studies.
Researchers found that brain metastases subvert astrocytes, tricking them into protecting tumors and resisting chemotherapy. Surgery is effective when tumor removal is done intact, reducing the risk of cancer spreading to the spinal fluid.
Researchers at the University of Michigan developed a method to analyze changes in a tumor's blood flow and volume, allowing for early prediction of patient survival. The 'parametric response map' approach showed promising results in predicting treatment response earlier than traditional methods.
TGen researchers have identified a potential therapeutic target for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) by regulating the actions of NHERF-1, a gene implicated in tumor cell migration and division. Depletion of NHERF-1 stops GBM cell migration, suggesting its role in tumor invasion.
A team of scientists has discovered a compound that can block the growth of brain tumors by reversing the effects of an altered enzyme. The mutation in the IDH1 gene impairs the body's ability to control a protein that promotes tumor growth, but adding a modified form of alpha-KG can restore this balance.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have identified a compound that could treat secondary glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a type of brain tumor. By replenishing α-ketoglutarate, they reversed the effects of IDH1 gene mutation, which contributes to tumor growth.
The study found that treatment with cediranib reduced edema and improved survival in mice with glioblastoma tumors. Mice receiving the drug lived significantly longer than controls, despite continued tumor growth.
Scientists at The University of Nottingham have uncovered a vital new biological clue that could lead to more effective treatments for CNS PNETs, a type of brain tumour predominantly occurring in children. The research found that WNT pathway activation is linked to patient survival and may represent an important new target for treatment.
Researchers have discovered new tumor markers that can accurately predict the course of disease and treatment response in childhood brain tumors. These markers, found in medulloblastoma DNA, can help adjust therapy intensity to reduce damage and secondary malignancies.
Researchers at Bonn University discovered a critical improvement in treating glioblastoma, the most aggressive and common brain tumor. The combination of two drugs increased average survival time to 23 months, with some patients surviving over four years. Further investigations are needed to optimize this therapy.
A rare case of a boy with Ataxia Telangiectasia developed abnormal growths in his brain and spinal cord four years after receiving human fetal stem cell therapy. The tumors were found to be benign neural tumors that could not have arisen from the patient's own tissues, highlighting the need for caution in stem cell therapy.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati discovered that estrogen receptors are present in medulloblastoma, the most common type of pediatric brain tumor. This finding suggests that anti-estrogen drug treatments may be beneficial in limiting tumor progression and improving patient outcomes.
Researchers at the Salk Institute used fruit flies as a model to study gliomas, the most common malignant brain tumors. They found that activating specific signaling pathways in the fly brains resulted in tumor-like growths, mimicking human disease.
A clinical decision model using MR spectroscopy can help patients avoid unnecessary biopsies and treatments by identifying whether a new lesion is due to a recurrent tumor or post-radiation changes. The technique analyzes ratios of three metabolites, including choline, creatine, and NAA, to determine the likelihood of a recurrent tumor.
A gene variant has been linked to an increased risk of developing brain tumors at a younger age, with 20.6% of young people with glioblastoma multiforme having the Pro/Pro variant of the TP53 gene compared to 5.9% of healthy participants.
Researchers from Boston College and Washington University School of Medicine report new evidence supporting the original Warburg Theory of Cancer. Abnormalities in cardiolipin content were found in all types of brain tumors, closely associated with significant reductions in energy-generating activities.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center developed a gene therapeutic approach that results in tumor regression and long-term survival. The approach uses proteins to draw dendritic cells into the brain tumors, stimulate an anti-tumor response, and increase survival time by six months.
Researchers have identified a mechanism for an effective immune response to brain tumors by combining immunotherapy and strategies to kill tumor cells. The study suggests that this combination may provide effective treatment for glioblastoma multiforme, the most aggressive form of brain cancer.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have developed a new glioblastoma mouse model that closely resembles human brain tumors. The model uses modified viruses to shuttle cancer-causing oncogenes into adult mice, allowing scientists to study the development and progression of glioblastoma.
Researchers at UC Davis Cancer Center have discovered a molecule called LXY1 that targets glioblastoma, a deadly form of brain cancer. The molecule binds to alpha-3 integrin on cancer cells, allowing for direct delivery of treatments and sparing normal tissues.
GUMC researchers discovered PTPRD gene inactivation in melanoma and glioblastoma, a potential tumor suppressor role. The findings suggest a wide applicability of PTPRD in various cancers, paving the way for novel therapy.
Patients with low-grade gliomas who underwent aggressive surgeries were free of tumor recurrence an average of 15 years after diagnosis. Radiation therapy significantly extended their survival time, with patients living up to six years without tumor recurrence.
Glioblastoma cells release exosomes containing RNA and proteins that promote tumor growth, but also carry data that can be used to guide targeted therapy. The study identified factors in these exosomes that could be used as biomarkers to monitor treatment response.
A new study by Tel Aviv University and the University of Utah found a significant link between brain cancer and family history. Researchers discovered that a four-fold increase in risk exists for individuals with a family history of brain tumors, highlighting genetic predispositions.
Researchers identified a molecular mechanism involved in the development of cancer stem cells, which can lead to malignant brain tumors. Targeting this signaling pathway with gene therapy may prevent tumor recurrence.
Recent studies suggest a possible link between long-term cell phone use and increased risk of brain tumors, prompting a call for collaborative research initiatives. Scientists emphasize the need for definitive evidence to determine the risks associated with electromagnetic field exposure from cell phones.
A new research project will develop and test new ways of scanning childhood tumours in depth, giving doctors a more detailed diagnosis and better indication of how to treat the tumour. This project is part of a nationwide investment of £50m to establish cancer imaging centres and research programmes.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have discovered a new approach to gene therapy that uses normal brain tissue to create a 'zone of resistance' against brain tumor growth. By delivering a cancer-fighting gene to the surrounding tissue, tumors can be suppressed and eventually eliminated.
Researchers developed a novel technique for detecting tumor lymphangiogenesis in rabbits, using percutaneous hepatic injection of ultrasound contrast material. The method combines percutaneous transhepatic lymphosonography (PTL) with contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging to improve diagnostic ability for liver cancer.
Dr. Sanjay Kumar, a UC Berkeley bioengineer, has been awarded a $1.5 million NIH New Innovator Award to investigate the role of mechanical forces in human health and disease. His research aims to understand how cells process biophysical cues, which could lead to the development of new chemotherapeutic drugs for brain tumors.
The study identifies frequently mutated genes, including ERBB2 and NF1, which were previously underestimated in their role in glioblastoma. The analysis also provides a wide view of how cell pathways are altered during the initiation and growth of glioblastoma, offering insights into strategies to diagnose and treat the disease.
Researchers at Medical College of Wisconsin report promising results using drugs to inhibit angiogenesis in rat models of glioblastoma, a deadly brain tumor. Tumor size was reduced by 50-70% and survival time increased by 5-7 days
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and UCSF have uncovered new origins for childhood brain tumors, suggesting that targeting the mutated cell-signaling pathway may lead to more effective treatment approaches. The findings hint that not all patients' tumors may be born from the same cells.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified two types of cells in the brain that can give rise to medulloblastoma, a type of brain tumor. The study provides critical insight into how cancers develop and may help develop more rational and effective approaches to treatment.
Researchers found that PDE5 inhibitors like Viagra and Levitra can open the blood-brain tumor barrier, allowing cancer-fighting drugs to reach malignant brain tumors. This breakthrough may improve drug delivery to brain tumors in patients.
A team of researchers at Washington University in St. Louis has developed polymeric nanoparticles that can slowly release doxorubicin, a chemotherapy drug, over an extended time period. The approach aims to improve the delivery of cancer-killing drugs to pediatric brain tumors without harming healthy cells.
The University of Alabama at Birmingham has joined a national consortium working to improve treatment and survival for patients with glioma, a type of malignant brain tumor. The Ivy Genomics-Based Medicine Project will use advanced molecular profiling and testing to identify personalized treatments for patients.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have developed an automated technique using wavelets to analyze brain tumors, providing a preliminary diagnosis in seconds. The method improves upon existing methods by analyzing hundreds of slides with millions of pixels, increasing accuracy and reducing analysis time.
Researchers found that oncolytic viruses designed to kill cancer cells can stimulate the growth of new blood vessels to tumors, leading to regrowth and immune cell eradication. The study suggests a strategy to design combination therapies that inhibit this effect and enhance viral therapy efficacy.
Delays in diagnosis of teenagers and young adults (TYAs) with cancer can range from four to 184 weeks, with the average time being 15.2 weeks. A study found that out of 207 young people with cancer, four out of five sought medical help quickly, while only seven per cent delayed for months.
A new vaccine targets glioblastoma multiforme, doubling survival time and more than quadrupling progression-free survival. The vaccine has caused virtually no side effects, making it a promising therapy for this deadly brain tumor.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that children under 3 years old with diffuse pontine glioma (DPG) tend to respond better to treatment than older children. The study suggests that distinct biological characteristics of DPG in young patients may account for their improved survival rates.
Researchers identified proteins that may serve as reliable biomarkers for Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) and its associated malignant tumors. Adrenomedullin levels were found to be significantly higher in NF1 patients and MPNST cell cultures, indicating a possible association with tumor growth.
A new vaccine targeting human cytomegalovirus (CMV) shows promise in delaying the recurrence of deadly brain tumors, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The study found that patients receiving the vaccine experienced a significant delay in tumor regrowth, with overall survival extended to over 20 months.
Scientists create microscopic vehicles that can navigate the bloodstream, targeting tumors with high precision. The nanoworms, coated with a tumor-specific molecule, remain in circulation for hours, offering potential for more effective delivery of toxic anti-cancer drugs.
A new neuroimaging study maps functional brain areas to improve cognitive skills before, during, and after brain tumour surgery. The study uses fMRI to localize important areas and preserve motor, sensory, and cognitive abilities.
A new mechanism of how tumour cells communicate has been discovered, involving the release of vesicles called oncosomes containing cancer-causing proteins. This finding could lead to major clinical innovations and potentially serve as a clinical marker for cancer diagnosis.