Articles tagged with Respiration
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research reveals a significant association between sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease, with pro-thrombotic biomarkers PAI-1 and fibrinogen showing increases in relation to SDB severity. The study suggests that even mild levels of SDB may pose an enhanced risk for cardiovascular disease.
Researchers evaluated two pediatric SDB questionnaires in children undergoing orthodontic treatment, finding that 20% of subjects reported snoring and suggesting that family dentists may use simple questionnaires to identify preliminary risks of sleep-disordered breathing. Craniofacial abnormalities are a common cause of SDB in children.
A new study found that pediatric patients are at high risk for sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD), with 18% of children in the study at-risk. The study did not find any associations between demographic or craniofacial characteristics and SRBD risk, making detection difficult.
A study by Indiana University found that inspiratory muscle training can reduce the oxygen required by breathing muscles during exercise, making more oxygen available for other muscles. This improvement in whole-body endurance performance was previously reported following IMT.
A new study from the University of Gothenburg found that 23% of bus and tram drivers in Sweden experience pronounced daytime sleepiness, while 28% struggle with getting to sleep. Treatment with a CPAP machine improved symptoms and reduced daytime sleepiness among drivers with obstructive sleep apnoea.
Chronic mouth breathing can lead to abnormal facial and dental development, poor sleeping habits and academic performance. Treatment options are available, including surgical removal of tonsils and adenoids, and orthodontic intervention.
Researchers developed a method to measure the stability of organic waste using respiration indices, which can predict biodegradable content and facilitate efficient treatment facility design. The study applies this methodology to various types of organic wastes, including food and garden waste, municipal solid waste, and sludge.
Scientists have developed flexible, biocompatible rubber films that can harvest energy from body movements, such as breathing and walking. The material combines piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate with silicone rubber to create a super-thin film that can convert mechanical energy into electricity.
Researchers at Rice University developed an amplitude gating technique to improve PET/CT scanner efficiency. The method uses a flexible chest band to record breathing cycles during CT scans, creating sharper images with better tumor detection accuracy.
A new checklist called CURVES (Choose and Communicate, Understand, Reason, Value, Emergency and Surrogate) has been developed to quickly assess a patient's decision-making capacity in emergency situations. The acronym helps physicians determine whether a patient is able to make decisions in life-or-death situations.
A systematic review highlights clinical features that confirm or exclude the possibility of serious infection in children presenting to general practice. Clinical features like cyanosis, poor peripheral perfusion, and petechial rash are deemed red flags, while parental concern and doctor's instinct are strong indicators.
A study found that dispatcher-assisted bystander CPR improves survival rates and poses only a minimal risk of injury. The research suggests that assertive dispatch programs can increase the proportion of victims receiving early CPR, but future studies should aim to improve individual community's dispatcher-assisted CPR programs.
Scientists have discovered how bacteria survive in rock environments, enabling the potential for bio-batteries powered by animal waste and cleaning up oil spills. The 'rock-breathing' bacteria can construct tiny biological wires to conduct electrons to minerals, generating electricity.
Recreational ecstasy users may be at a higher risk for sleep apnea due to the damage caused by the drug on brain neurons related to serotonin. The study found that ecstasy users had over eight times the risk of sleep apnea compared to non-users, with longer use associated with increased episodes.
A comprehensive program at Johns Hopkins has reduced the need for emergency airway surgery by 67% by providing a standardized cart with essential supplies and training staff on its use. The program's success story highlights the importance of organization and teamwork in improving patient outcomes.
Continuous chest compression-CPR has been shown to improve cardiac arrest survival in Arizona, with a 32% survival rate compared to 6% for standard CPR. This study found that bystanders can save more lives by performing chest compressions only instead of mouth-to-mouth CPR.
Developed by Drs. Richard Schwartz and Harsha Setty, the Video Rigid Flexible Laryngoscope helps navigate airways in patients with head and neck cancer or anatomical variations, reducing trauma risk.
Excess weight increases severity of oxygen desaturation in individuals with sleep-disordered breathing during and after apneas and hypopneas. BMI predicts degree of oxygen depletion associated with SDB events.
A Canadian study found that giving caffeine to newborn rats causes detrimental effects on sleep and breathing patterns in adulthood. Adult rats showed reduced sleeping time, increased time to fall asleep, and fragmented non-REM sleep. Breathing problems were also more common in caffeine-treated rats.
Researchers at Southern Methodist University develop a four-week program to teach asthmatics how to better control their condition by changing the way they breathe. The study aims to reduce both the expense and suffering associated with chronic asthma, with promising results in limiting severity and frequency of attacks.
Research published in PLOS Medicine found that severe breathing disorders during sleep are associated with a higher risk of dying. Men between 40 and 70 years old with severe sleep-disordered breathing were twice as likely to die from any cause compared to those without the condition.
A landmark study found that moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea is associated with a 46% increased risk of death in middle-aged adults, particularly men. The study also showed that men between 40 and 70 with severe sleep apnea were twice as likely to die during the study period.
Patients with chronic respiratory disorders who received early noninvasive ventilation after extubation had a lower risk of death and respiratory failure compared to those given conventional oxygen therapy. Non-invasive ventilation was associated with an 83% decreased risk of respiratory failure after extubation.
A study found that adenotonsillectomy improves sleep and behavior in children with breathing problems during sleep, but these benefits are not maintained in the long term. The procedure showed positive effects for up to 2.5 years after surgery, but improvements started to fade over time.
A study has found a distinct ECG-derived spectrographic phenotype associated with prevalent hypertension, stroke, and sleep-disordered breathing in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. The biomarker was detected in 23.5% of participants and was linked to increased risk of stroke and high blood pressure.
Researchers discovered that music can induce moderate arousal with swelling crescendos and relaxation with decrescendos, modulating cardiovascular control. This study suggests a potential role for music in rehabilitative medicine, particularly for patients with heart and stroke conditions.
A study of 2911 men found that severe sleep-related breathing disorders are associated with a higher risk of abnormal heart rhythms. Different types of breathing problems are linked to different categories of arrhythmia, with obstructive sleep apnea linked to ventricular arrhythmias and central sleep apnea linked to atrial fibrillation.
A study shows that CPAP therapy significantly improves complaints of fatigue, tiredness, and sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Good adherence to CPAP was associated with improved symptoms, particularly among inadequately treated participants.
A study found that waist circumference and BMI are significant predictors of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in children, regardless of neck circumference. Metabolic factors play a crucial role in childhood SDB, suggesting alternative treatment options beyond adenotonsillectomy.
A study by University of Florida researchers suggests that the nervous system may be the primary cause of severe breathing problems in children with Pompe disease, a rare genetic disorder. The discovery shifts responsibility from muscle weakness to signaling between the spinal cord and the diaphragm.
Researchers found that maternal exercise was associated with increased fetal breathing movements and improved fetal heart rate variability. Fetal breathing movements are a marker of fetal well-being and reflect functional development of the respiratory system and central nervous system control.
Researchers discovered a new way to monitor sleep and potentially diagnose sleep disorders by analyzing heart rate, revealing significant relationships between cardio-respiratory synchronization patterns and sleep stages. This technique may help clinicians diagnose sleep disorders more easily and determine optimal treatments.
A Mayo Clinic study reveals that 60% of retired National Football League (NFL) linemen suffer from sleep disordered breathing, with an average of 18.1 episodes per hour.
Patients with moderate to severe COPD show altered breathing and swallowing coordination even during normal eating. The study found that COPD patients swallow more often at the end of exhalation, a pattern that disrupts safe swallowing.
A study found that daytime functional impairments in older men with obstructive sleep apnea are largely explained by total sleep time rather than OSA severity. Total sleep time was also associated with measures of sleep disturbances and quality of life.
A study found that nasal obstruction is associated with increased risk of daytime sleepiness and snoring. However, allergies alone do not increase the risk of these conditions. The researchers suggest that treating nasal obstruction may improve sleep quality in patients with sinonasal diseases.
A study published in Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery found that individuals with sleep-related breathing disorders tend to burn more calories when resting. The research, which assessed 212 adults, showed a significant association between the severity of breathing disorders and increased energy expenditure.
University of Florida engineering researchers have built a prototype baby monitor that uses Doppler radar to remotely scan the in-and-out movement of a baby's chest due to respiration. The system can detect when a baby stops breathing and sends an alarm to a portable unit kept by parents.
Researchers at the University of Arizona Health Sciences found that gasping in cardiac arrest patients increases their chances of survival. In over half of witnessed cases, patients gasped after collapsing, and those who did survived at a higher rate than those who didn't.
Two pacemakers in the brain regulate breathing by working together in harmony, with the preBotC taking control in adulthood and pFRG kicking in during respiratory stress. This fail-safe network is evolutionarily conserved and appears to be related to cases of crib death and central sleep apnea.
Researchers develop new optical technique, anatomical optical coherence tomography (aOCT), to accurately measure airway narrowing and diagnose breathing disorders. The technology also helps understand congenital heart defects in developing embryos.
A new study led by a University of Georgia researcher found that elevated levels of decomposition don't persist after warmer temperatures, contradicting current models. The study reveals that soil microbes decrease in abundance under warm conditions, reducing their respiration rates.
A new dinosaur discovery from Argentina reveals the presence of air sacs in a 10-meter-long predatory dinosaur, Aerosteon riocoloradensis, which shares characteristics with birds. This finding supports decades of research suggesting that birds evolved from dinosaurs.
The discovery of Aerosteon riocoloradensis reveals a unique bird-like respiratory system with air sacs. This finding supports the theory that birds evolved from dinosaurs and provides insights into their adaptation for flight.
A new study presented at the American Academy of Otolaryngology meeting found that 33% of children with recurrent croup had narrowing in their upper airways, which could indicate laryngopharyngeal reflux. Researchers believe that treating reflux may help prevent future episodes of croup.
Researchers from Michigan Tech and U. Michigan develop innovative quantitative analysis to distinguish fibromyalgia patients from healthy controls, suggesting potential clinical relevance in sleep stage dynamics. The study's findings may lead to improved assessments and reduced costs for sleep studies.
A new study found that sleep-disordered breathing is associated with a two- to three-fold increase in the risk of death among adults aged 30 to 60. The severity of breathing issues was linked to an increased risk, with severe cases doubling mortality risk.
A Virginia Tech research group has isolated proteins responsible for iron-sulfur cluster assembly and witnessed their interactions within a cell. This breakthrough provides insight into the sequential steps of the process, helping to explain how molecules are synthesized and distributed in cells.
Research suggests that OSA patients cared for by accredited sleep centers and certified sleep medicine specialists receive better education than those cared for by non-accredited centers and non-certified physicians. This leads to improved diagnosis and treatment outcomes for the condition.
A study presented at SLEEP 2008 found that 61% of OSA patients treated at an AASM accredited sleep center were compliant with CPAP for six months, with older age related to increasing compliance. The treatment involved specialized services, close follow-up, and access to a 24-hour CPAP hotline.
A study of 215 children found that those with bigger neck sizes are more likely to have a sleep-related breathing disorder, with predicted neck size correlating strongly with apnea-hypopnea index. This suggests that neck size should be considered in the clinical evaluation of children with snoring and apnea.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have identified a brain pathway that reacts to low pH levels, shutting down seizure activity. The study reveals that an acid-activated ion channel, ASIC1a, plays a crucial role in terminating seizures, providing new insights into the condition and potential therapeutic approaches.
Researchers found that noninvasive ventilation (NIV) relieved symptoms more quickly than standard oxygen therapy, remaining effective after three hours. NIV also significantly reduced morphine use in the first 24 hours, improving communication with caregivers and relatives.
Research suggests that individuals with severe obstructive sleep apnea may experience increased physiological stress and demand for oxygen during commercial air travel, which can lead to adverse events. This study used simulated flight conditions to assess fitness to fly without supplemental oxygen.
A study found that husbands with OSA are more likely to adhere to CPAP if their wives share the bed. The results suggest that when both partners sleep together, the husband is more likely to continue using his CPAP mask. This is because CPAP can control snoring and excessive movements that disturb both partners' sleep.
A retrospective chart review of 100 PSGs and medical records revealed that 77% of the sample had a sleep-related breathing disorder. The study also found an increase in odds ratio for SRBD with increasing BMI, as well as significant associations between SRBD and congestive heart failure.
Researchers found that COPD patients who used a computer game to control their breathing showed significant improvements in exercise duration and reduced exercise-induced hyperinflation. The study suggests that teaching these breathing techniques to daily activities could greatly improve quality of life for patients.
Nitrous oxide emissions from waste treatment plants and agriculture are increasing at alarming rates, posing a significant global warming threat. The release of this potent gas can be controlled with suitable management strategies, but recognition of its importance is crucial.
Researchers at Washington University developed a gene chip technology that can distinguish pneumonia from underlying critical illness in patients on ventilators. The method identified changes in 85 genes associated with immune system activation, allowing for early diagnosis and potentially improved recovery.
A study from Johns Hopkins Children's Center reveals alarming delays and lapses in emergency care among first-responders during child cardiac arrests, highlighting the importance of rapid response and basic life-saving techniques.